牛津譯林版7BUnit3語法及知識點(diǎn)

1、Grammar名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及用法 名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系、所屬關(guān)系、動作執(zhí)行者及動作承受者等意義時常需用所有格形式|。名詞所有格也稱為屬格、主格II,它主要包括's所有格、of所有格和雙重所有格三種表現(xiàn)形式I。定義：表示有生命的東西的名詞及某些表示時間、距離、星球、世界、國家等無生命的東西的名詞后加來表示所有關(guān)系II，叫做名詞所有格I。名詞所有格的用法：一、名詞 +' s (主要用于有生命的事物)1單數(shù)名詞和不以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞尾加構(gòu)成所有格例如：Jimmy Sbook (吉米的書)Jane ' s schoolba簡的書包)Children ' s

2、Daly童的節(jié)日、六一兒童節(jié))Wuhan' summer is very hot.(武漢的夏天非常熱II。)2、復(fù)數(shù)名詞以-s結(jié)尾的只需要加構(gòu)成所有格|。例如： Twins ' father is Mr. Brown .雙(胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生II。)二、名詞+of +名詞如果名詞是無生命的|,我們通常就要用名詞+of +名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所有關(guān)系|。例如： A bag of mine= my bag (我的書包)The name of the girl =the girl女孩'的名字ame (The window of the bedroom = the bedroom

3、' 臥室的戶 )三、特殊所有格若一樣?xùn)|西為兩人共有|,則后一個人名用所有格；如果不是兩人共有|,而是各有各的|,則兩個名詞都用所有格|,且其后名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)|。例如：This is Tom and Jim ' s r這是湯姆和吉姆共有的房間|。These are Tom ' s and Jim ' s roc這些是湯姆和杰森各自的房間II。步行一個半小時的路程：四 s所有格所修飾的詞的省略現(xiàn)象(1) 表示診所、店鋪或某人的家等地點(diǎn)名詞I,其名詞所有格后的被修飾語常常省略I。例如：I met her at the doctor's ( office).我在診

4、所遇見了她 II。He has gone to the tailor's (shop).他到服裝店去了 I。(2) 名詞所有格所修飾的詞I,如果前面已經(jīng)提到過I,往往可以省略I,以免重復(fù)I。例如：Whose pen is this ? It's Tom's.這是誰的鋼筆？是湯姆的I。The bike is not mineII , but Wang Pinpin's .這輛自行車不是我的II,是王品品的I。五雙重所有格及其用法's所有格和of所有格兩種所有格形式結(jié)合在一起 II,構(gòu)成"of +所有格"形式I,即雙重的所有格I。它 通常

5、表示部分觀念I(lǐng),即全體中的一部分I,在意義上與"one of."相似II,它主要修飾of短語之前的那個 名詞I。此外I,雙重所有格與指示代詞連用時 II,常帶有感情色彩I,如贊賞、不滿、厭惡等I。它的主要形 式如下：1. 名詞+ of +名詞性物主代詞II。例如：a good friend of mine 我的一個好朋友a(bǔ)n interesting story of his 他的有趣的經(jīng)歷2. 名詞+ of + 's所有格I。例如：He is a friend of my sister's . (= one of my sister's friend

6、s )他是我姐姐的一個朋友Look at that long nose of Jack's .看杰克的那個長鼻子 I。(感情色彩)試比較：a picture of Xiao Zhang a picture of Xiao Zhang's3. 不定冠詞、數(shù)詞、某些不定代詞(someII, anyII, manyII, noII, few等)以及 which等限定詞II, 一般不與形容詞性物主代詞或's所有格等一起放在名詞前修飾名詞II,而采用of所有格或雙重所有格形式I。例如：most of the students學(xué)生中的大多數(shù)three of them 他們中的三個人

7、I have read some books of his .我讀過他的一些書Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read ?你讀過瓊瑤的哪一本書？A. 's所有格、of所有格和雙重所有格三者之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別 請仔細(xì)比較下面三句話：1. She is Mary's brother's friend .2. She is a friend of Mary's brother .3. She is a friend of Mary's brother's .人稱代詞和物主代詞一、人稱代詞人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格

8、賓格第人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit人稱代詞主格：作主語|,表示誰怎么樣了、干什么了|。I am a teacher.You are stude nt.He is a stude nt|,too.We/You/They are stude nts.人稱代詞賓格作賓語|,表示動作行為的對象|, 一般放在動詞后面|。Give it to me. Let ' s go (let' s =let us)、物主代詞數(shù)稱類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主 代詞myyourhish

9、eritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代 詞mi neyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+ 名詞而名詞性物主代詞(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs則相單于形容詞性物主代詞 +名詞|,故其后不必加名詞 |。如：Is this your book? No|, it isn |,' tit ' s hers(her boQK) Jim '卜 Tom' S, Maria ' s練習(xí)一、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空：1. is

10、 my aunt. We ofte n visit. ( she )2. Chi na is a develop ing coun try.is in the east of Asia. ( its )3. I own a blue bike. The red onesn ' . ( I )4. These new houses are so ni ce.are very expe nsive.( them )5. The fishermen caught a lot of fish| didn ' ? ( them )6. Ling Ling is a girl. studi

11、es in a primary school. brother lives with and helps _ with lessons. ( she )7. Mike is my classmate. is good at English . ( his )8. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ? ( she )9. What'sthe weather like today ? is cloudy. ( its )二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空1. I ate all sandwiches yesterday.

12、( I ) Can I have one of ? ( you )2. George has lost ( his ) pen. Ask Mary i(f 是否) she will lend him . ( she )3. Jack has a dog and so have I.( he ) dog and( I ) had a fig打架).4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ( he )5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of are coming to see us. ( they )6. W

13、e are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of . (we )三、用括號中的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Are these (you)pencils? Yes|，| they are ( our) .2. Whose is this pencil?It '_s( I ) .3.I love (they)very much.4.She is(I)classmate.5. Miss Li often looks after(she)brother.6. Are these (they)bags？No|， they aren '_t(t

14、heir). They are ( we)1 Neil 's mother is calling him from the UK.Call 動詞 叫 |，呼喚例： 馬上叫個醫(yī)生來 |。稱為例：他的朋友叫他鮑勃|。名詞打電話|,通話 例：Tim|，有你的電話2 Mr Wu is asking Amy which things belong to which people.belong to意為“屬于”后接某人或人稱代詞賓格|。如：This key ring belongs to me. 這個鑰匙圈是我的 |。注意： belong to 后不能使用名詞所有格或物主代詞 |,且 belong

15、 to 不可用于進(jìn)行時 |。如：這車屬于她 |。3 They 're all over the place.all over 遍及遍及全中國 遍及全世界瞧 |。大廳里到處都是瓶子 |。Integrated skills1 Here is the poster.以here開頭的句子|,如果主語是名詞|,則用倒裝語序|,連系動詞是用is還是are取決于后 面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù) |。例：有張卡片給你 |。注意：當(dāng)主語是代詞時 |，不用倒裝語序 |。Here they come. 他們來了； here it is 它在這里； here you are 給你2 Go to Huangji Pa

16、lace to see works of art at 11 a.m.Works of art 藝術(shù)品Work 作品 |，著作 可數(shù)名詞 工作、勞動 不可數(shù)名詞（與 job ）4 It 's about 40 minutes by bus.It is +所需時間+ （from S to B ） by +交通工具/on foot 表示"（從A地到B地）距離”句型|。 也可表示成： It is +所需時間名詞的所有格 +walk/ride/drive （+from A to B） 例： 從蘇州到南京開車大約兩個小時|。（兩種方式）Study skills1 However|， t

17、he words are not equally important. 然而 |，單詞并不都同等重要 |。However 副詞 |，不過 |，然而有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義 可位于句首、句中或句末 |，用逗號將句子分隔 |。But 連詞 |，可位于句首、句中 |， 后面連接一個句子時無需逗號 |。例： 我的房間雖小 |，但是很舒服 |。2 I am talking about a bookshop |， not another kind of shop.Another 另一個 |，再一個后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) |，通常指用于三者或三者以上人或物中的另一個|。區(qū)分 other|， the other|， other

18、s|， the others|， anotherotherthe otherothersthe othersanother例如： Oh|， the traffic is so heavy. Let's change route to the airport.A other B others C the other D anotherTask1 I 'm going to show you around my hometown.show sb around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀show及物動詞給.看 給某人看某物名詞 展覽展出例 Peter will you花展the building

19、and you can meet everyone.A lead toB show aroundC compare with Dbrushoff我可以聞花香聽鳥兒唱歌 |。can smell the flowers and hear the birds.1）smell 動詞|，意為“聞；嗅” |，后接名詞作賓語 |。如：Smell it and tell me what it is. 你聞聞看 |，告訴我是什么 |。2)smell 還可以用連系動詞 |，后常接形容詞作表語 |。如：這花聞起來香嗎？Do these flowed smell sweet?(3)hear sb do sth 意為“

20、聽見某人做某事” |。如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我經(jīng)常聽見她在房間唱歌 |。(4)hear sb doing 意為“聽見某人在做(一個正在進(jìn)行的動作) ” |。如：I heard someone laughing in the room. 我聽見隔壁房間里有人在笑 |。除 hear 外 |， see、 watch、 feel、 notice 等動詞也有同樣的用法 |。 例： The air fresh after the rain. And the sky is blue.A feels B tastes C smells D sounds3 S

21、ometimes we row a boat there.Sometimes 副詞 有時 = at times區(qū)分sometimes、 some times、 sometime 、 some timesometimessome timessometimesome time5 They are all friendly.friendly 形容詞 友好的 對某人友好 be friendly to sb. =be kind to sbbe friendly with sb 和某人“關(guān)系好 ”或 “某人要好 ”|，指的是兩者的關(guān)系6 I hope you can come and visit soon

22、!Hope 及物動詞 希望|，用于表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 |，其后接動詞不定式做賓語 |，即 hope to do sth |，表示 希望做某事|。 若要表達(dá)“希望 則需要用“ hope that +從句”wish 也是希望、祝愿的意思 |。wish 做動詞 祝愿某人某事 wish sb sth ； 希望(某人)做某事 wish (sb) to do sth ； 表示難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 wish that + 從句 |。做名詞 常用復(fù)數(shù) |，表示祝愿 |。 向你致以美好的祝愿！根據(jù)句意及相關(guān)提示寫出正確的單詞1. Some farmers in my town r cows and make a lo

23、t of money.2. -What do you thi nk of the cake? -It sgood.3. How fast he is d the car! It's so dangerous.4. On (woman) Day|，| my mother often goes shopping with her friends.5. We must learn to read our books (quiet) in the library.6. I often go to the shopping mall with my parents (two) a week.7.

24、 These (student) hometown is near the capital of (they) country.8. The girl in a white dress is a friend of (he).用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空1. Mr Li teaches (I) English.2. Mr Li teaches (I) sister English.3. (they) are our teachers. Where are (you)?4. Her shoes are next to (I). (she) are very nice.5. (Simon) fat

25、her is good at English.6. -Where is Mike? He is in our Maths(teacher) office.7. My favourite festival is(child) Day.8. Excuse me|， but I can 't find (man) room.9. Can you tell me the way to(people) Park?10.I will tell as soon as (he) comes back.11.loves (she) notebook very much.12.We want to bor

26、rowstorybook from(you).1.It takes about twenty minutes(get) to the center of the town.2.Why not(visit) our local theatre with us?3. We're happy(invite) you to a farewell party for our friends.4. Does your brother enjoy(eat) Chinese food?5. -you(try) to learn Beijing opera? Yes| ， I am.6. What will you do when you(be) free tomorrow?7. There (be) a new bridge over the Changjiang River in several years.1. Listen| ， someone(sing) Beijing opera in the park.2. -they(have) a Christmas party next week?-Yes|， they are.3. Our school