新牛津7A unit1 this is me 教案

1、Unit1 This is me教案初一年級教案活頁紙              審核人：初一英語組全體老師 總 課 題Unit1 This is me!總課時8第 1 課時課    題Comic strip and welcome to the unit課型New教學目標知識目標To grasp the words : e-dog, master, look after, good night能力目標To

2、 learn how to greet with each other in English.情感目標To train the Ss love to each other and respect each other 教學重點To learn how to greet with each other.教學難點The same as the above.課前預習Preview the new words.教學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記 Step1  Revision    Ste

3、p2 Presentation  Step3.Presentation     Free talk Ask the Ss to greet their partners.   1) Show Ss a clock and say: At this time of day, how do you greet your teacher or your partner? 2)Today we are going to meet some friends at Beijing Sunshine

4、 Secondary School. This is their first English class. Open your books at Page 7 and read aloud what the Ss say Show Ss a picture & say: Look! I have two new friends. Point to Eddie, say: Its a dog. Then Hob Its an e-dog. Ask: Do you want to know his name? Say: I have an e-dog. I look after my e-

5、dog every day. Who is his master?  Ss greet with each other.   Ss read and find what the Ss say. listen and say  通過這樣一個情境的設置，可以激發(fā)學生的學習動機，更好地參與到課堂中來。 教學環(huán)節(jié)教學過程學生活動備課札記   Step4.listen and answer   Step5  composition St

6、ep6Test Do you know? Present: master and look after T: Wheres the dog? Play the tape and answer the questions 1.What is it? ( Its an e-dog .) 2.Who is Eddie? ( He is the master.) 3.Who is Hobo? ( He is the e-dog.) 4.Do you like this e-dog/Eddie/Hobo? 5.Does Eddie like the dog? How do you k

7、now? Get some students to answer them in English. ask the students to write a composition Test in class.   Homework Finish the exercises in the workbook. Revise the use of the Prep. in English. Think of the question. Work in groups.write a composition  Do the exerc

8、ises.   培養(yǎng)學生綜合運用英語的能力。 教師要多做個別指導。  當堂鞏固，檢測課堂效果。教學反思 初一年級教案活頁紙             審核人：初一英語組全體老師總 課 題Unit1 This is me!總課時8第 2 課時課    題Reading課型New教學目標知識目標Vocabulary : year, grade, club, music, after,

9、 wear, glasses, enjoy.能力目標Patterns :He enjoys playing computer games.& She is good at swimming.3.Skills: Learn to say情感目標培養(yǎng)學生積極健康的興趣愛好。教學重點The same as the aims.教學難點Aim 2課前預習Preview the new words. Listen to the tape.教學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記Step1.Revision  Step2Readin

10、g       Step3.Practice  教學環(huán)節(jié) Revise the dialogue betweenEddie and Hobo. Show Ss the picture , say: Are the Ss at Sunshine SecondarySchool?. They are our friends.Do you know them? Lets meetMillie first. Listen and read carefully.Ask: How old is M

11、illie? Does she like reading?In the same way to learn sth. About Simon and Sandy etc.Ask the Ss to read again and finish Part B on Page 9 andPart C on Page 10.  教  師  活  動 Look and answer.    Look and learn carefully. Answerthe questions  &

12、#160;學 生 活 動       聽，說，讀 寫 綜合訓練。       備課札記   Step 4Discussion    Step6 Test  Step7 homework Ask: What activities do his students like? Please help him to put the correct letters i

13、n the box. 1.Ask the Ss to finish Part B2, discuss the answers with the Ss 2 Learn the language points. We know something about Millie ,Simon, Kitty, Amy, Sandy and Daniel now. Do you know more about them? Let's do the following exercises. 3 Ask the students to do the exercises. Test i

14、n class. Finish the exercises in the workbook.         do and discuss   Do the exercises  in the Part C1  do the test paper. 給學生一些時間尋找課文中不理解的知識點，教師有針對性講解。 教學反思 初一年級教案活頁紙       

15、0;   審核人：初一英語組全體老師總 課 題Unit 1 This is me!總課時8第3 課時課    題Grammar課型New教學目標知識目標1 to make positive and negative statements and ask questions with the verb "to be"能力目標2 To learn to use the simple present tense to talk about things.情感目標  none教學重點The Simple present t

16、ense.教學難點The same as the importance課前預習Preview Simple present tense.教學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記Step1 Revision   Step 2 Presentation.       Step 3 Ask and answer      Step4 learn   Step5: H

17、omework Get the students to review "be" and prons and understand its usage. 1.Go through the tables with  students.Point out the contractions.2 Students read the sentences on their own.3. Ask  students to complete the sentences in Part D. Then in pairs, Students  c

18、ompare and check answers.4. Get the students to read after the teacher and read in pairs. 1 Go through the tables with students.2 Ask students to read the sentences in Part E. Let them use the correct forms of the verb "to be" to make positive/ negative statements and questions.  

19、;3 Ask student to complete the sentences and check for correct answers and pronunciation. 4 Let them read after the teacher and read together. Then ask groups of three to read the conversation. Then ask them to replace the information with their own information and read the new conversation. 1

20、teach the students how to write a letter. 2Ask students to complete the letter in Part E, Then check the answer in pairs. 3Ask students to read together. 4Explain : go running , be good at/ be bad at doing Write a letter to a penfriend. Ss say sentences.  Ss look at the table on

21、the small Bb at first , then read.   Read and check the answers, and compare.     Go through and read.  Ss complete and pratice  reading. Then make a new dialogue using their own information.  Ss learn how to write , and pratice readin

22、g.  調動學生口語表達的熱情。   培養(yǎng)學生獨立自主解決問題的能力。                檢查學生掌握情況。教學反思   初一年級教案活頁紙             審核人：初一英語組全體老師總 課 題Unit 1 This is me總

23、課時8第 4 課時課    題 Integrated skills課型New教學目標知識目標1. To extract information from an article.2. To obtain information from listening能力目標 Train integrated skills情感目標Love sport and love life教學重點Extract and obtain information about Li Hua.教學難點Complete a newsletter article.課前預習1. Lea

24、rn the new words.2. Read the article . 教學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記Step1 Revision  Step2 Presentation         Step3Speaking   Step4Homework 1. Get the students to look at a picture of Yao Ming and as

25、k some questions: Who is he? What does he do ? Where does he work?1. Tell students to look at the headline of the newspaper article and the picture. Ask:1)Who do you think the person is? 2)What does he do? 3) Which football team does he play for? 4) Which football team did he play for? 2.Point out a

26、nd explain the meaning of these words: score, goal, match, team, the World Cup. 3.Tell the students to read the note sheet after the teacher. Then read together loudly. 4.Ask students to listen to the recorder three times, and complete the information. 5. Ask students to check the answers for a clas

27、s. 6. In Part A3, Ss need to extract information from both the article and the note sheet. Then ask them to read after the teacher and practice reading. 1. Encourage students to revise the conversation for self introduction and the giving of personal information first. 2. Present the conversation li

28、ne by line, focusing on intonation and the linking of words. Ask students to repeat complete sentences as they hear them. 3. Ask students to replace the underlined words with their own information. 4. Encourage students to expand the conversation to include more formal greetings. Write a newsletter

29、article of a famous person. Ss answer the questions with the picture.  Ss look at the headline and the picture, and then answer them.  Learn and practice reading the words, then read the note sheet. Ss listen to the recorder and complete.  Ss complete and prac

30、tice reading.  Make a new dialogue using their own information. 教學反思  初一年級教案活頁紙           審核人：初一英語組全體老師總 課 題Unit 1 This is me總課時8第 5 課時課    題Study skills課型New教學目標知識目標To learn five vowel lettersTo learn the pron

31、ounciation rules of five vowel letters能力目標Use the rules to pronounce words and help to remember words情感目標Arouse interest教學重點Five vowels:/ei/ /i:/ /ai/ / /ju:/Find out the pronounciation rules of five vowels教學難點Five vowels:/ei/ /i:/ /ai/ / /ju:/課前預習Preview the new words and expressions .  教

32、學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記Step1 Revision  Step2Presentation  Step3 Presentation  Step 3PracticeStep 4 homework1. Sing ABC songs Divide the letters into seven parts./ei/ A H J K /i:/ Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz /e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx /ju:/ Uu Qq Ww /ai/ Ii

33、 Yy/:/ Rr/ OoFive vowels letters :a e i o u1. Learn /ei/Read the words :cake face game take name babyFind the vowels:a and eFind the rules:a /ei/ e不發(fā)音Try to pronounce/meik/ /seim/ /meik/Try to read the words:grade gate lady2. The same way to learn /i:/ /ai/ / /ju:/1. Find the words with five vowels

34、and then try to read them out.2. Read part C after the tapeRead the vowels again and again and try to read some words with the five vowels Listen and sing ABC songs  Divide the letters  Work in pairs. Do the exercises. 教學反思  初一年級教案活頁紙    &#

35、160;      審核人：初一英語組全體老師總 課 題Unit 1 This is me總課時8第 6 課時課    題         Task課型New教學目標知識目標Learn the profiles of Daniel能力目標To write about themselves情感目標Introduce themselves to others confidently.教學重點 Learn to write

36、 about themselves教學難點 Learn to write about themselves課前預習Learn the profiles of Millie and Daniel教學過程教學環(huán)節(jié)教  師  活  動學 生 活 動備課札記Step1  Organize ideas.Step 2Present  Step3 Practice   Step 4Play games Step5HomeworkTell students that the class is

37、 preparing a handbook containing a profile of each student. The final drafts of their writing will be collected to make a class handbook. 1. Ask students to listen to the recorder and answer some questions about Daniel. 2. Ask students to read the profiles. Tell students to underline words and phras

38、es which they find useful in the models so that they can include them in their own writing. 3. Tell students to read the outline on Page 16. Encourage students to include additional information. 1. In pairs, students read, check and correct their partners draft. The teacher goes around the class And

39、 provides help and assistance. 2. Ask students to rewrite their personal profiles on a separate sheet of paper and add illustrations, particularly a picture of themselves.3. Ask for volunteers to read out their profiles to the class. 1. Tell students not to include their names on the first drafts. 2

40、. Divide the class into groups of eight. Collect the students first drafts, mix them up and then hand them out to different students within the group. 3. Each student reads a personal profile, tries to guess who the write is and returns the personal profile to the writer. Write one or two profiles o

41、f himself /herself and another person. Give their drafts of their own profiles.  Listen to the radio.  Read the outlines.  Write profiles of themselves. . Students read their profiles.   Guess who he /she is.   教學反思   高考語文試卷一

42、、語言文字運用（15分）1在下面一段話的空缺處依次填入詞語，最恰當?shù)囊唤M是（3分）提到桃花源，許多人會聯(lián)想到瓦爾登湖。真實的瓦爾登湖，早已成為 的觀光勝地，梭羅的小木屋前也經常聚集著 的游客，不復有隱居之地的氣息。然而虛構的桃花源一直就在我們的心中，哪怕 在人潮洶涌的現(xiàn)代城市，也可以獲得心靈的寧靜。A名聞遐邇 聞風而至 雜居 B名噪一時 聞風而至 棲居C名噪一時 紛至沓來 雜居 D名聞遐邇 紛至沓來 棲居2在下面一段文字橫線處填入語句，銜接最恰當?shù)囊豁検牵?分）在南方，芭蕉栽植容易，幾乎四季常青。 至于月映蕉影、雪壓殘葉，那更是詩人畫家所向往的了。它覆蓋面積大，吸收熱量大，葉子濕度大。古人在走

43、廊或書房邊種上芭蕉，稱為蕉廊、蕉房，饒有詩意。因此蕉陰之下，是最舒適的小坐閑談之處。在旁邊配上幾竿竹，點上一塊石，真像一幅元人的小景。在夏日是清涼世界，在秋天是分綠上窗。小雨乍到，點滴醒人；斜陽初過，青翠照眼。A BC D3下列詩句與“憫農館”里展示的勞動場景，對應全部正確的一項是（3分）笑歌聲里輕雷動，一夜連枷響到明種密移疏綠毯平，行間清淺縠紋生分疇翠浪走云陣，刺水綠針抽稻芽陰陰阡陌桑麻暗，軋軋房櫳機杼鳴A織布插秧車水打稻 B織布車水插秧打稻C打稻插秧車水織布 D打稻車水插秧織布4閱讀下圖，對VR（即“虛擬現(xiàn)實”）技術的解說不正確的是一項是（3分）AVR技術能提供三個維度的體驗：知覺體驗、行

44、為體驗和精神體驗。 B現(xiàn)有的VR技術在精神體驗上發(fā)展較快，而在知覺體驗上發(fā)展較慢。CVR技術的未來方向是知覺體驗、行為體驗和精神體驗的均衡發(fā)展。 D期許的VR體驗將極大提高行為體驗的自由度和精神體驗的滿意度。二、文言文閱讀（20分）閱讀下面的文言文，完成58題。臨川湯先生傳鄒迪光先生名顯祖，字義仍，別號若士。豫章之臨川人。生而穎異不群。體玉立，眉目朗秀。見者嘖嘖曰：“湯氏寧馨兒?！蔽鍤q能屬對。試之即應，又試之又應，立課數(shù)對無難色。十三歲，就督學公試，補邑弟子員。每試必雄其曹偶。庚午舉于鄉(xiāng)，年猶弱冠耳。見者益復嘖嘖曰：“此兒汗血，可致千里，非僅僅蹀躞康莊也者?！倍〕髸?，江陵公屬其私人啖以巍甲而

45、不應。曰：“吾不敢從處女子失身也?！惫m一老孝廉乎，而名益鵲起，海內之人益以得望見湯先生為幸。至癸未舉進士，而江陵物故矣。諸所為附薰炙者，骎且澌沒矣。公乃自嘆曰：“假令予以依附起，不以依附敗乎？”而時相蒲州、蘇州兩公，其子皆中進士，皆公同門友也。意欲要之入幕，酬以館選，而公率不應，亦如其所以拒江陵時者。以樂留都山川，乞得南太常博士。至則閉門距躍，絕不懷半刺津上。擲書萬卷，作蠹魚其中。每至丙夜，聲瑯瑯不輟。家人笑之：“老博士何以書為？”曰：“吾讀吾書，不問博士與不博士也?！睂ひ圆┦哭D南祠部郎。部雖無所事事，而公奉職毖慎，謂兩政府進私人而塞言者路，抗疏論之，謫粵之徐聞尉。居久之，轉遂昌令。又以礦稅

46、事多所蹠戾，計偕之日，便向吏部堂告歸。雖主爵留之，典選留之，御史大夫留之，而公浩然長往，神武之冠竟不可挽矣。居家，中丞惠文，郡國守令以下，干旄往往充斥巷左，而多不延接。即有時事，非公憤不及齒頰。人勸之請托，曰：“吾不能以面皮口舌博錢刀，為所不知后人計?！敝复采蠒局骸坝写瞬回氁印！惫跁鵁o所不讀，而尤攻文選一書，到掩卷而誦，不訛只字。于詩若文無所不比擬，而尤精西京六朝青蓮少陵氏。公又以其緒余為傳奇，若紫簫、還魂諸劇，實駕元人而上。每譜一曲，令小史當歌，而自為之和，聲振寥廓。識者謂神仙中人云。公與予約游具區(qū)靈巖虎丘諸山川，而不能辦三月糧，逡巡中輟。然不自言貧，人亦不盡知公貧。公非自信其心者耶？

47、予雖為之執(zhí)鞭，所忻慕焉。（選自湯顯祖詩文集附錄，有刪節(jié)）注江陵公：指時相張居正，其為江陵人。蹠戾：乖舛，謬誤。5對下列加點詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（3分）A每試必雄其曹偶 雄：稱雄B酬以館選 酬：應酬C以樂留都山川 樂：喜愛D為所不知后人計計：考慮6下列對原文有關內容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）A湯顯祖持身端潔，拒絕了時相張居正的利誘，海內士人都以結識他為榮幸。B因為上書批評當權者徇私情、塞言路，湯顯祖被貶官至廣東，做了徐聞尉。C湯顯祖辭官回家后，當?shù)毓賳T爭相與他交往，而湯顯祖不為私事開口求人。D湯顯祖與鄒迪光相約三月份到江南一帶游玩，但沒準備好糧食，因而作罷。7把文中畫線的句子翻譯成

48、現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）（1）見者益復嘖嘖曰：“此兒汗血，可致千里，非僅僅蹀躞康莊也者。”（2）然不自言貧，人亦不盡知公貧。公非自信其心者耶？予雖為之執(zhí)鞭，所忻慕焉。8請簡要概括湯顯祖讀書為文的特點。（4分）三、古詩詞鑒賞（11分）閱讀下面這首唐詩，完成910題。學諸進士作精衛(wèi)銜石填海韓 愈鳥有償冤者，終年抱寸誠?？阢暽绞?，心望海波平。渺渺功難見，區(qū)區(qū)命已輕。人皆譏造次，我獨賞專精。豈計休無日，惟應盡此生。何慚刺客傳，不著報讎名。9本讀前六句是怎樣運用對比手法勾勒精衛(wèi)形象的？請簡要分析。(6分)10詩歌后六句表達了作者什么樣的人生態(tài)度？（5分）四、名句名篇默寫（8分）11補寫出下列名句名篇中的空

49、缺部分。（1）名余曰正則兮，_。（屈原離騷）（2）_，善假于物也。（荀子勸學）（3）艱難苦恨繁霜鬢，_。（杜甫登高）（4）樹林陰翳，_，游人去而禽鳥樂也。（歐陽修醉翁亭記）（5）_，抱明月而長終。（蘇軾赤壁賦）（6）浩蕩離愁白日斜，_。（龔自珍己亥雜詩）（7）道之以德，_，有恥且格。（論語·為政）（8）蓋文章，經國之大業(yè)，_。（曹丕典論·論文）五、現(xiàn)代文閱讀（一）（15分）閱讀下面的作品，完成1214題。表 妹林斤瀾矮凳橋街背后是溪灘，那灘上鋪滿了大的碎石，開闊到叫人覺著是不毛之地。幸好有一條溪，時寬時窄，自由自在穿過石頭灘，帶來水草野樹，帶來生命的歡喜。灘上走過來兩個女人

50、，一前一后，前邊的挎著個竹籃子，簡直有搖籃般大，里面是衣服，很有點分量，一路拱著腰身，支撐著籃底。后邊的女人空著兩手，幾次伸手前來幫忙，前邊的不讓。前邊的女人看來四十往里，后邊的四十以外。前邊的女人不走現(xiàn)成的小路，從石頭灘上斜插過去，走到一個石頭圈起來的水潭邊，把竹籃里的東西一下子控在水里，全身輕松了，透出來一口長氣，望著后邊的。后邊的走不慣石頭灘，盯著腳下，挑著下腳的地方。前邊的說：“這里比屋里清靜，出來走走，說說話再呢，我要把這些東西洗出來，也就不客氣了?！闭f著就蹲下來，抓過一團按在早鋪平好了的石板上，拿起棒槌捶打起來，真是擦把汗的工夫也節(jié)約了?？雌饋砗筮叺氖强腿?，轉著身于看這個新鮮的地方

51、，有一句沒一句地應著：“水倒是清的，碧清的樹也陰涼石頭要是走慣了，也好走”“不好走，一到下雨天你走走看，只怕?lián)鷶嗔四_筋。哪有你們城里的馬路好走?！薄跋掠晏煲蚕匆路?”“一下天呢，二十天呢。就是三十天不洗也不行。嗐，現(xiàn)在一天是一天的事情，真是日日清，月月結?！笨腿穗S即稱贊：“你真能干，三表妹，沒想到你有這么大本事，天天洗這么多。”主人微微笑著，手里捶捶打打，嘴里喜喜歡歡的：事情多著呢。只有晚上吃頓熱的，別的兩頓都是馬馬虎虎。本來還要帶子，現(xiàn)在托給人家。不過洗完衣服，還要踏縫紉機。”客人其實是個做活的能手，又做飯又帶孩子又洗衣服這樣的日子都過過。現(xiàn)在做客人看著人家做活，兩只手就不知道放在哪里好。把

52、左手搭在樹杈上，右手背在背后，都要用點力才在那里閑得住。不覺感慨起來： “也難為你，也虧得是你，想想你在家里的時候，比我還自在呢?！敝魅朔畔掳糸常瑑墒忠豢滩煌５厝啻昶饋恚骸白鲎鲆簿土晳T了。不過，真的，做慣了空起兩只手來，反倒沒有地方好放。鄉(xiāng)下地方，又沒有什么好玩的，不比城里?！笨腿诵睦镉行┟?，就學點見過世面的派頭，給人家看，也壓壓自己的煩惱：“說的是，”右手更加用力貼在后腰上，“空著兩只手不也沒地方放嘛。城里好玩是好玩，誰還成天地玩呢。城里住長久了，一下鄉(xiāng)，空氣真就好，這個新鮮空氣，千金難買?！眴慰淇諝?，好比一個姑娘沒有什么好夸的，單夸她的頭發(fā)。主人插嘴問道：“你那里工資好好吧？”提起工資，

53、客人是有優(yōu)越感的，卻偏偏埋怨道：“餓不死吃不飽就是了，連獎金帶零碎也有七八十塊?！薄澳鞘亲龆嘧錾僬諛幽醚剑　薄斑€吃著大鍋飯?！薄安蛔霾蛔鲆材昧呤桑俊薄拌F飯碗！”客人差不多叫出來，她得意。主人不住手地揉搓，也微微笑著?？腿说勾蚱稹氨Р黄健眮恚骸澳愫闷?，要是我，氣也氣死了，做多做少什么也不拿?！薄按蟊斫?，我們也搞承包了。我們家庭婦女洗衣店，給旅店洗床單，給工廠洗工作服都洗不過來。”“那一個月能拿多少呢？”客人問得急點。主人不忙正面回答，笑道：“還要苦干個把月，洗衣機買是買來了，還沒有安裝。等安裝好了，有時間多踏點縫紉機，還可以翻一番呢！”“翻一番是多少？”客人急得不知道轉彎。主人停止揉搓，去

54、抓棒槌，這功夫，伸了伸兩個手指頭?？腿说哪X筋飛快轉動：這兩個手指頭當然不會是二十，那么是二百聽著都嚇得心跳，那頂哪一級干部了？廠長？回過頭來說道：“還是你們不封頂好，多勞多得嘛?！薄安贿^也不保底呀，不要打算懶懶散散混日子?！笨腿藘刹綋溥^來，蹲下來抓過一堆衣服，主人不讓，客人已經揉搓起來了，一邊說：“懶懶散散，兩只手一懶，骨頭都要散鄉(xiāng)下地方比城里好，空氣第一新鮮，水也碧清三表妹，等你大侄女中學一畢業(yè)，叫她頂替我上班，我就退下來我到鄉(xiāng)下來享幾年福，你看怎么樣？”（選自十月1984年第6期，有刪改）12 下列對小說相關內容和藝術特色的賞析，不正確的一項是？A小說開頭的景物描寫，以自由流動的溪水所帶來

55、的“水草野樹”以級“生命的歡喜”，暗示著農村的新氣象。B小說中“一路拱著腰身”等動作描寫，以及“真是日日清，月月結”等語言描寫，為下文表妹承包洗衣服這件事做了鋪墊。C表姐兩次提到鄉(xiāng)下空氣“新鮮”，第一次是出于客套，第二次提到時，表姐對農村的好已有了更多體會。D表妹說的“不要打算懶懶散散混日子”，既表達了自己對生活的態(tài)度，也流露出對自己得不到休息的些許不滿。13 請簡要分析表姐這一人物形象。（6分）14 小說刻畫了兩個人物，作者以“表妹”為題，表達了哪些思想感情？（6分）六、現(xiàn)代文閱讀（二）（12分）閱讀下面的作品，完成1517題。書家和善書者沈尹默“古之善書者，往往不知筆法?！鼻叭耸沁@樣說過。

56、就寫字的初期來說，這句話，是可以理解的，正同音韻一樣，四聲清濁，是不能為晉宋以前的文人所熟悉的，他們作文，只求口吻調利而已。筆法不是某一個人憑空創(chuàng)造出來的，而是由寫字的人們逐漸地在寫字的點畫過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)了它，因而很好地去認真利用它，彼此傳授，成為一定必守的規(guī)律。由此可知，書家和非書家的區(qū)別，在初期是不會有的。寫字發(fā)展到相當興盛之后（尤其到唐代），愛好寫字的人們，一天比一天多了起來，就產生出一批好奇立異、相信自己、不大愿意守法的人，各人使用各人的手法，各人創(chuàng)立各人所愿意的規(guī)則。凡是人為的規(guī)則，它本身與實際必然不能十分相切合，因而它是空洞的、缺少生命力的，因而也就不會具有普遍的、永久的活動性，因而

57、也就不可能使人人都滿意地沿用著它而發(fā)生效力。在這里，自然而然地便有書家和非書家的分別了。有天分、有休養(yǎng)的人們，往往依他自己的手法，也可能寫出一筆可看的字，但是詳細監(jiān)察一下它的點畫，有時與筆法偶然暗合，有時則不然，尤其是不能各種皆工。既是這樣，我們自然無法以書家看待他們，至多只能稱之為善書者。講到書家，那就得精通八法，無論是端楷，或者是行草，他的點畫使轉，處處皆須合法，不能四號茍且從事，你只要看一看二王、歐、虞、褚、顏諸家遺留下來的成績，就可以明白的。如果拿書和畫來相比著看，書家的書，就好比精通六法的畫師的畫；善書者的書，就好比文人的寫意畫，也有它的風致可愛處，但不能學，只能參觀，以博其趣。其實

58、這也是寫字發(fā)展過程中，不可避免的現(xiàn)象。六朝及唐人寫經，風格雖不甚高，但是點畫不失法度，它自成為一種經生體，比之后代善書者的字體，要嚴謹?shù)枚?。宋代的蘇東坡，大家都承認他是個書家，但他因天分過高，放任不羈，執(zhí)筆單鉤，已為當時所非議。他自己曾經說過：“我書意造本無法?！秉S山谷也嘗說他“往往有意到筆不到處”。就這一點來看，他又是一個道地的不拘拘于法度的善書的典型人物，因而成為后來學書人不須要講究筆法的借口。我們要知道，沒有過人的天分，就想從東坡的意造入手，那是毫無成就可期的。我嘗看見東坡畫的枯樹竹石橫幅，十分外行，但極有天趣，米元章在后邊題了一首詩，頗有相互發(fā)揮之妙。這為文人大開了一個方便之門，也因此把守法度的好習慣破壞無遺。自元以來，書畫都江河日下，到了明清兩代，可看的書畫就越來越少了。一個人一味地從心所欲做事，本來是一事無成的。但是若能做到從心所欲不逾矩（自然不是意造的矩）的程度，那卻是最高的進境。寫字的人，也需要做到這樣。（有刪改）15根據(jù)原文內容，下列說法不正確的一項是（3分）A善書而不知筆法，這一現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)在寫字初期，當時筆法還未被充分發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用。B唐代愛好寫字的人漸多，有一批人好奇立異，自創(chuàng)規(guī)則，經生體就是這么產生的。C二王、歐、虞、褚、顏諸家