初二下冊英語知識點大全

1、初二(八年級)下冊英語第一單元知識點主要是依據(jù)初二(八年級)下冊英語教材，從重點短語、知識歸納、語法知識這三個部分總結了初二(八年級)下冊英語第一單元知識點【重點短語】1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修飾名詞復數(shù)，表示否定)2. less free time 更少的空閑時間(less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定)3. in ten years 10年后(in的時間短語用于將來時，提問用How soon)4. fall in love with 愛上例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at

2、 once當我第一次見到許教師，我立刻愛上他5. live alone 單獨居住6. feel lonely 感到孤獨(比較：live alone/go along等)The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely那女孩獨自沿著街道走，但她并不感到孤獨7. keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬8. fly to the moon 飛上月球9. hundreds of +復數(shù) 數(shù)百/幾百(概數(shù)，類似還有thousands of; millions of)10. the same as 與相同11.

3、 A be different from B A及B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)12. wake up 醒來(wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人”13. get bored 變得厭倦(get/become是連系動詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等)14. go skating 去滑冰(類似還有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)15. lots of/a lot of 許多(修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以)16. at th

4、e weekends 在周末17. study at home on computers 在家通過電腦學習18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意見)19. I dont agree. = I disagree. 我不同意20. on a piece of paper 在一張紙上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等?？嫉降牟豢蓴?shù)名詞)21. on vacation 度假22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事23. many different kinds of goldf

5、ish 許多不同種金魚24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12樓25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332號26. as a reporter 作為一名記者27. look smart 顯得精神/看起來聰明28. Are you kidding? 你在騙我嗎29. in the future 在將來/在未來30. no more=not anymore 不再(強調多次發(fā)生的動作不再發(fā)生)Ill go there no more.31. no longer=not any

6、 longer 不再(強調狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生)32. besides(除之外還，包括)及except but(除之外，不包括)33. be able to及can 能、會l (be able to用于各種時態(tài)，而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)與一般過去時態(tài)中;have to用于各種時態(tài)，而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài))例如：1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)2. had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)34.be big and crowded 大而且擁擠

7、34. be in college 在上大學35. live on a space station 住在空間站36. dress casually 穿得很隨意casual clothing 休閑服飾37. win the next World Cup 贏得世界杯 win award 獲僵38. come true 變成現(xiàn)實39. take hundreds of years 花幾百年的時間40. be fun to watch 看起來有趣41. over and over again 一次又一次42. be in different shapes 形狀不同43. twenty years fr

8、om now 今后20年【本單元目標句型】1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.l fewer; less表示否定之意，分別修飾可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞;more二者都可以修飾。3. Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。4. Predicting the future can be difficult.5. I

9、 need to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even elec

10、tric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.【知識歸納】形容詞，副詞的比較等級考查熱點透視：a)表示A及B在程度上相同b)時，c) “as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as”結構。表示A不d)如B時，e)可用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞的原級+as”結構。f)表示A比B在程度上“更.”時，g)可用“形容詞或副詞的比較級+than”結構h)表示三者或三者以上的比較，i)其中一個在程度上“最.”時，j)常用“the+形容詞或副詞的最高級”結構，k)后面可帶“of/in的短語”來說明比較的范圍。(注意：副詞的最高級在句中常省略“the

11、”.)l)在形容詞或副詞的比較級前，m)可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等詞語來修飾，n)以加強語氣。o)表示“越來越.”時，p)常用“形容詞或副詞的比較級+and+形容詞或副詞的比較級”結構，q)但要注意，r)對于多音節(jié)與部分雙音節(jié)形容詞，s)副詞而t)言，u)若要表達此意時，v)要用“more and more+形容詞或副詞的原級“結構。w)在表示“其中最.之一“的含義時，x)常使用 “one of+the+形容詞最高級形式+名y)詞復z)數(shù)”結構，aa)其中的定冠詞the不bb)可以省略。cc)如果強調“兩者中比較的(一個)”的意思時，dd)可使

12、用“the+形容詞比較級+其它”結構。ee)表示“越.越.”, 可使用“the+形容詞或副詞的比較級，ff)the+形容詞或副詞的比較級”結構。2 .一般將來時一般將來時的構成：由助動詞shall或will加動詞原形構成，shall用于第一人稱。在口語中，will在名詞或代詞后常簡略為ll， will not常簡略為wont。這個時態(tài)的肯定，否定與疑問結構可表示如下：肯定句否定句疑問句I (We)shall(will) go.You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.You(He, She, They)will not go.Shal

13、l I(we) go?Will you (he, she, they) go?用”be going to +動詞原形”也可表示將來時，表示將要發(fā)生的事，打算或決定要做的事。b)一般將來時的用法：1)表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況;2) 不以人的意志為轉移，肯定要發(fā)生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是國慶日。3. in/after:in是指以現(xiàn)在時間為起點的“在一段時間以后”。也可以表示“在將來多少時間之內”，句子中的謂語動詞要用一般將來時態(tài);after常指以過去時間為起點的“一段時間之后”，所以它及過去時態(tài)連用。當after指某個特

14、定的未來時刻或日期之后，或指以將來某一時間為起點的若干時間之后時，它可以及將來時態(tài)連用。4.more, less, fewer的用法區(qū)別：more為many, much的比較級，意為“更多”，可修飾可數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞。Less是little的比較級，意為“更好，較少”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Fewer是few的比較級，意為“更少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)?！咀⒁狻縡ew, little表示否定“幾乎沒有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一點，幾個”。5.would like sth意思為“想要某物“; would like to do意思為”想要做某事“?；卮饂ould like句型的一般疑問句時

15、，其肯定回答為 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “Id like /love to, but.”6. Such作形容詞，意思是“如此的”“這樣的”，修飾各種名詞。Such這樣的。如It is such bad weather.天氣如此惡劣。Such常與as搭配，表示一種類別。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我們喜歡象她那樣的嗓子。Such常與表示結果的that從句搭配，表示“如此.以至于”如It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.Suchthat與sothat都可

16、用來引出一個結果狀語從句。由于such是形容詞，所以that從句前有一個受such修飾的名詞;而so 是副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞。如They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，such與so的位置不同：such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或

17、名詞復數(shù)，只可用such,不能用so.:such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或復數(shù)名詞如果被修飾的不可數(shù)名詞被much, little, 或復數(shù)名詞被many, few等表示量的形容詞修飾時，用so，不用such.當little表示“年紀小的”時，可用such+little+名詞。7.be able to 為“能，會”，表示能力，在這個意義上及can的意思相同，一般情況下兩者可以互換，但can只有現(xiàn)在式與過去式(could)而be able to則用于更多的時態(tài)，主要表達在be的變化。兩者在用法上有一些差異：can (could)表示主觀能力不表示意愿，它的將來時用will be able to而 b

18、e able to表示主觀意愿強調克服困難做某事?！局攸c語法】一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時態(tài)標志詞：1.含tomorrow; next短語; 2.in+段時間 ; 3.how soon;4.by+將來時間; 5.by the time sb.do 6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do例Be quick, or you will be late=If you dont be quick, you will be late7.在時間/條件狀語從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時, 主句用將來時 8.another day比較be going to 及will:be g

19、oing to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來時間則較遠一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“計劃，準備”的意思，而 will 則沒有這個意思，如：She is going to lend u

20、s her book. He will be here in half an hour.4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.掌握了它們的這些不同，你就能很好的區(qū)分be going to及will了。be going to do (動詞原形)結構：表示打算、準備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 結構表示將來的用法：1. 表示預見Do you think it will

21、 rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2. 表示意圖I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本構成如下：一般疑問句構成：(1)will+主語+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?(2)there be 結構的一般疑問句：Will there + be ?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont

22、否定句構成：will + not (wont)+doSarah wont come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑問句構成：特殊疑問詞+will+主語+?What will Sarah do next Sunday?根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句例：I dont feel well today. (be better tomorrow) Ill be better tomorrow.1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)_2. Im tired now. (sleep later)

23、_3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)_4. We cant leave right now. (leave a little later)_5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)_答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight. 2. Ill sleep later. 3. Theyll buy one soon.4. Well leave a little later.5. Maybe itll be better tomorrow.第二

24、單元初二(八年級)下冊英語第二單元知識點主要是依據(jù)初二(八年級)下冊英語教材，從重點短語、主要句型、詞語辨析、課文解釋這三個部分總結了初二(八年級)下冊英語第二單元知識點一丶重點短語1.argue v.爭論;爭吵 argue with sb.及某人吵架I argued with my best friend.我與我的好朋友吵架了。2. either adv.(用于否定句)也He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either.他沒有錢，我也沒有。I cant play chess. She cant, either.我不會下國際象棋，她也不會。 too 也(

25、用于肯定或疑問句)Im a teacher.He is a teacher, too.我是教師，他也是教師。3.ask (sb.)for sth.向某人尋求某物;要Don't ask for food every day.Go and find some work. 別天天要飯，找點兒工作做。I dont think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不應向父母要錢。4.the same as. 及相同 (注意前后兩個比較對象的屬性保持一致)The clothes are the same as my friends'.

26、這些衣服及我朋友的一樣。Tom is the same age as Anna.= Tom is as old as Anna. 湯姆與安娜一樣大。Her backpack is the same as mine. 她的背包及我的一樣。5.except 除以外;(不包括在內)My class has been invited except me.除我以外，我的同學都被邀請了。All the students went to the park except him.除了他之外，全體同學都去過公園了。They all traveled America except her. 除了她以外，所有的學生

27、都去美國旅行過。注意區(qū)別：besides 除以外，還有.(包括在內)We all went there besides him.除他去以外，我們也都去了。(= He went there.We went there, too.) 他也去了，我們也去了!/大家都去了!There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外還有5名訪客 (加上我是6個)6.wrong adj.錯誤的;有毛病的;不合適的 What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?) I've got a headache.我頭痛。Whats wrong

28、 with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手表怎么了?它不走了。注意：Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you ?=Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了?/你出什么事了?7.get on(well) with sb.及某人相處(融洽)get on ( well ) with sth 某事進展地好The students will get on well with the teacher.學生會與教師相處得非常好。How are you going on with your

29、new friends? 你與你的新朋友相片如何 ?These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job.這些天，格林先生的工作進展很順利8.have a fight with sb.= fight with sb.及某人打架I dont want to have a fight with my cousin. 我不想與我的堂兄打架。They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.他們從不打架，他們的確是好朋友。二、主要句型(Key Sentences Structure

30、s)What should I do? You could write him a letter.What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to himWhat should they do? They shouldn't argue.三、詞語辨析1. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人處借進某物 (借回來)lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth 把某物借給某人 (借出去)注： borrow sth. from sb. 是指該句的主語從別人處(往里)借進某物例:He borrowed the dict

31、ionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天從露西處借了那本字典.lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.是指該句的主語把某物(往外)借給別人用例如：Could you lend me your car?=Could you lend your car to me?請你借給我你的車用一下好嗎?2. get sb. to do 使做(以人為對象時，有“說服使做”的含義)He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以請一位家庭教師來他家。Youll never get her to agree. 你決不可能使她同

32、意。ask sb. to do 邀請(人)做We asked her to come to our party.我們請她來參加聚會 tell sb. to do讓某人做某事 例如：The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 教師那天讓他完成那項工作。3、be in style 時髦的，流行的be out of style 過時的，不時髦的例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很時髦。Those clothes are out of style. 那些衣服過時了。四、課文解釋1、I dont wan

33、t to surprise him. 我不想讓他感到意外。此處surprise是及物動詞 surprise sb. 使某人感到吃驚eg. My friend always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone 用 就此事進行交流On the phone 在 里 。不能使用 in the phone、eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday.他們昨天在 里談了很多3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call 給某人打 4、write sb. a letter = write

34、a letter to sb. 給某人寫信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.給他一張觀看球賽的入場券 (注意to 譯為：.的)eg. They got two tickets to tonights show. 他們搞了兩張今晚表演的入場券。6、She has the same haircut as I do. 她與我有相同的發(fā)型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆與他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out (經過某人的研究、努力)發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出，找出You should find out t

35、he answer for yourself.你應該自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.除了我以外，我們班其他別的人都接到了邀請(信)此句中else一詞不能單獨使用，它必須跟在不定代詞像“someone, anyone nobody”等詞的后面，或跟在特殊疑問詞像“what, where”等詞的后面使用意思是“別的”eg. What else 別的什么， Who else 其他誰 someone else 其他人9、I cant think what I did wrong. 我真想不出我做錯了什么。此句中 what

36、 I did wrong是賓語從句，應用陳述語序 (即 ：主語+動詞)10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮喪，不知該干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作know的賓語，可用賓語從句來代替。可以說成“I dont know what I should do.”請背熟以下兩個常見結構： I dont know what to do .我不知道該做什么。I dont know how to do it. 我不知道該怎么去做它。11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有許多你能做的事。此句中

37、you could do是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞“things”12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作業(yè)落在家里了。leave sth. +介詞短語，是“把忘在，落在(某處)的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把傘忘在公交車上。注：千萬不能根據(jù)漢語的說法寫為：forget sth ,只能用leave sth.表示“落下”13、You should try to be funny. 你應該試著幽默一些。Try to do努力做，試著做，盡量做而try not to do 是盡量不做eg. Please try

38、 not to be late again. 請盡量不要再遲到。14、Their school days are busy enough. 他們的學校生活是夠忙的。enough必須放在形容詞/副詞的后面,表示“足夠的” (后置)eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足夠高的可以夠著那個蘋果。15、be under too much pressure. 在太多的壓力下16、see other children doing a lot of things 看別的孩子在做許多事see sb. doing 看見某人正在干某事 (強調動作正在進行)See

39、 sb do sth 看見某人做過某事 (強調動作已結束)eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那時我們看見他們在打籃球17、find it hard to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做(事)很難He found it hard to learn math well. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)學好數(shù)學很難注：it 初中階段常作：形式主語 /形式賓語 ，而句子真正的主語/賓語則由to do 來擔當.練習題一丶單項選擇1. Im not good at math. I really dont know_.A. what should I do B.how shou

40、ld do C.what to do2. My best friend is the same_. We are both 12 years old.A. as my age B.age as me C.as me age3. Can you_ what time the meeting starts?A.find out B.look after C.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always_A.in style B. Out of style C.new and smart5. Dad, I do

41、nt have enough money to buy a CD. Could you_me some?A.borrow B.lend C.keep6. Dont argue_ your parents. Its not polite.A.to B.for C.with7. “What should I do ?”“_ you could get_part-time job.”A.Maybe ,a B.May be ,/ C.Really, a8.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining.- It doesnt matter. My new coat c

42、an keep_ the rain.A.in B.of C.out9. Its a beautiful coat. But he _ only 30 dollars for it.A. paid B.bought C.spent10.The weather is_ for us to go swiming.A.enough warm B.warm enough C.too warm11.He_ his homework at home yesterday.A. left B.leaves C.forgot12. Could you give me_ to eat? Im hungry.A.an

43、ything B.something C.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should _sorry _others.A. talk, to B.say, to C.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven.- Oh, you_ .Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. must B.cant C.neednt15. Whats wrong _ your radio?- It doesnt work.A. to

44、B.with C.for二丶根據(jù)首字母及句意完成單詞。1. We a_ with the taxi driver about the money yesterday.2. Under the p_ of modern life, many people feel very tired.3. Everyone went to play soccer e_ Tom ,because he doesnt like it.4. She didnt go to bed u_her mother came back last night.5. Julia f_ her test,so she was ve

45、ry upset.三丶甩所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Dont be stressed out. You should try _ (be) relaxed.2. Give me_ (free) or let me die3. I plan to _ (surprised) her at her birthday party.4. Could you please _ (pass) me those dumplings?5. Im very upset and dont know what _ (do).四丶根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1. 她生你的氣了，所以你她打 。She _ _ _ you, so

46、you should _ _ _.2. 你能給我一些建議嗎?Could you give me _ _ ?3. Henry很失落，不知道該怎么做。Henry is very _ and doesnt know _ _ _ .4. 星期三詹姆斯把他的歷史書落在家里了James_ his history book _ _ on _.5. 孩子們需要時間與自由去玩耍及思考。Children need _ and _ to play and think.初二(八年級)下冊英語第三單元知識點主要是依據(jù)初二(八年級)下冊英語教材，從應該掌握的詞組、需要掌握的句子、重點短語及練習總結了初二(八年級)下冊英語

47、第三單元知識點一、 應掌握的詞組：1. babysit ones sister 照顧妹妹2. visit ones grandmother 看望奶奶3. spend time with friends與朋友們一起度過時光4. visit cousins 看望表弟等5. Go to sports camp 去運動野營6.go to the beach 去海灘7. go camping 去野營8. Go shopping 去買東西9. go swimming 去游泳10. go boating去劃船11. go skating 去溜冰12. go walking去散步13. go climbing

48、 去登山14. go dancing去跳舞15. go hiking 去徒步遠足16. go sightseeing 去觀光17. go house-hunting 去找房子18.go on a hike 徒步旅行，go bike riding 騎自行車旅行，go fishing 去釣魚19. do some shopping 買東西20. do some washing 洗衣服21. do some cooking 作飯22. do some reading 讀書23. do some speaking訓練口語24. do some sewing 做縫紉活25.that sounds nic

49、e 那好極了26. at home 在家27. how about=what about 怎么樣?28. how long 多長時間29. how far 多遠30. how often 多長時間一次31. how much, how many 多少32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物給某人看give me the book=give the book to me 給我書，pass me the cu

50、p=pass the cup to me 把杯子遞給我，sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子賣給我buy me a book =buy a book for me 給我買書，make me a cake=make a cake for me給我做蛋糕44. Ask her about her plans 向她詢問她的計劃ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問某事45. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事，forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事二、應該掌握的句子：1.What are you doing for va

51、cation? Im babysitting my sister.假期你要做什么?我要照顧我的妹妹。翻譯：周末他要做什么?他要去滑劃板。李平假期要做什么?他要去野營。2.Who are you going with? Im going with my parents.你要與誰一起去?我要與父母一起去。翻譯：王林要與誰一起去觀光?他要與他的朋友們一起去。我要與同學們一起去游泳。我與父母要去游覽長城。他們假期要做什么?他們要在家里放松放松。3.When is he going camping? He is going on the 12th of February, 2005.4.Im going

52、 to Tibet for a week. 我要去西藏一周。翻譯：你要去西藏多長時間?他們假期要在家里呆一個月。你要在香港呆多長時間?只呆4天，我不喜歡離開太長時間。5.What are you doing there? Im going hiking in the mountains.你在那里要做什么? 我要在山區(qū)里遠足。6.Show me your photos when we get back to school.我們返回學校時，你把照片拿給我看。翻譯：我來把我的新照片拿給你看看。他長大時想當一名時裝雜志的記者。7.Where are you going for vacation? Im

53、 going to Hawaii for vacation.你要去哪度假?我要去夏威夷度假。翻譯：他要去哪度假?他要去泰國度假。8.Im going to Hawaii for vacation in December, and Im staying for three weeks.我要在12月去夏威夷度假，在那里呆3個星期。翻譯：他打算在11月2日去海南度假，在那呆大約1個月。9.What is it like there? 那里什么樣子?翻譯：那部電視劇怎么樣?那里的天氣怎么樣?你與誰一起去?你要呆多長時間?10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans?我可以問你一些有關你假期計劃的問題嗎?翻譯：我能吃點肉嗎?他向我打聽你家的情況。11. He thought about