自考0795綜合英語(二)基礎(chǔ)班課程講義全下冊Lessom12

1、普打卬本頁LessonTwelve：SellingthePost(II)1. OutlineoftheTextPart1：(Para.1)The1930*swereahardperiodfortheBakersandRussell,sfatherhaddied.Part 2: (Paras.2-17)Russellprovedtobeapoorsalesman.Hewastooshayandtimidforthejob.Part 3: (Paras.18-26)Dorisprovedtobeabettersalesperson.Part 4: (Paras.27-33)Mrs.Bakercon

2、cludedthathersonlackedthecompetitivezealasalesmanneeded.AndfromacompositionhewroteMrs.Bakerdiscoveredhistalentforwriting.Russelldecidedtobecomeawriter.II.TextPart1：(Para.1)1 WelivedinBelleville,NewJersey,acommutertownatthenorthernfringeofNewark.Itwas1932,thebleakestyearoftheDepression.譯文：那是1932年,大蕭條

3、時期最不景氣的年頭.commuter通勤者fringe=edgebleakest二darkest=severestMyfatherhaddiedtwoyearsbefore,leavinguswithafewpiecesofSears,Roebuckfurnitureandnotmuchelse,andmymotherhadtakenmysister,Doris,andmetolivewithoneofheryoungerbrothers.譯文：兩年前,我父親去世,除了幾件西爾斯和歲巴克家具之外,沒給我們留下什么別的東西,我母親帶著我和妹妹多麗絲去投奔她的一個弟弟.leavesbsth留給某人

4、某物.ThiswasmyUncleAllen.UncleAllenhadmadesomethingofhimselfby1932.Assalesmanforasoft-drinkbottler,hehadanincomeof530aweek;worepearl-grayspats,detachablecollars,andathree-piecesuit;washappilymarried;andtookinthreadbarerelatives.譯文：他推銷一種軟飲料裝瓶機(jī),每周收入30美元,鞋外套著珠灰色的鞋罩,脖子上有可拆卸的領(lǐng)子,身穿三件套的西服：他婚姻美滿：接納身穿破衣爛衫的親戚住在

5、他家.takein：acceptthreadbare：poorPart2:(Paras.2-17)2 WithmyloadofmagazinesIheadedtowardBellevilleAvenue.Thattswherethepeoplewere.那個地方人多ThereweretwofillingstationsattheintersectionwithUnionAvenue,aswelladanA&P,astreetfruitstall,abakery,abarbershop,adrugstore,andadinershapedlikearailroadcar.譯文：在聯(lián)邦大街的十字路

6、口處,有兩個加油站,還有一家A&P連鎖店、一個露天水果攤、一家而包房、一個理發(fā)店、一家藥房和一家形似火車餐車的小餐館.attheintersection在十字路口ForseveralhoursImademyselfhighlyvisible,shiftingpositionnowandthenfromcornertocornertocorner,fromshopwindowtoshopwindow,tomakesureeveryonecouldseetheheavyblackletteringonthebagthatsaidtheSaturdayEveningPost.譯文：一連好幾個鐘頭我盡

7、量惹人注意,不時轉(zhuǎn)移地方,一會兒在這個街角,一會兒到另一個街角,一會兒在這個櫥窗旁,一會兒又換個櫥窗,想方法讓所有的人都能看到包上?星期六晚間郵報?這幾個粗體字.Whentheangleoflightindicateditwassuppertime.Iwalkedbacktothehouse.譯文：太陽西下說明該吃晚飯的時候,我走回了家.3 Howmanydidyousell,Buddy?nmymotherasked.4 None.5 uWheredidyougo?6 ThecornerofBellevilleandUnionAvenues.7 Whatdidyoudo?8 uStoodont

8、hecornerwaitingforsomebodytobuyaSaturdayEveningPost.9 uYoujuststoodthere?10 Didntsellasingleone.11 uForGodssake,Russell!ve.g.Afterschoolheheadedstraightforhome.2Standby:袖手旁觀e.g.Wecouldn,tstandbywhilepeoplestarved.standbysb.：tosupport支持standbysth信守諾言standupforsb./sth.支持,維護(hù)e.g.Hisparentswereupsetwhenh

9、ewasarrestedbutstoodbyhim.standuptosb./sth.：經(jīng)受?。好鎸Γ簩筫.g.Don*tletsaythingslikethataboutyourwork.Youshouldstanduptoherabitmore.Standbysth.：遵守諾言等e.g.I11standbymypromise.Standfor：torepresent代表；容忍用于疑問和否認(rèn)句12 UncleAllenintervened.Tvebeenthinkingaboutitforsometime,hesaid,andIveaboutdecidedtotakethePostregu

10、larly.Putmedownasaregularcustomer.把我算成一個長期買主吧Ihandedamagazineandhepaidmeanickel.ItwasthefirstnickelIearned.13 Afterwardsmymotherinstructedmeinsalesmanship.接著我母親教我如何推銷instructsbin在某方面教導(dǎo)Iwouldhavetoringdoorbells,addressadultswithcharmingself-confidence,andbreakdownresistancewithasalestalkpointingoutth

11、atnoone,nomatterhowpoor,couldaffordtobewithouttheSaturdayEveningPostinthehome.譯文：我得按人家的門鈴,跟大人說話要說明出叫人喜歡的自信心,對不愿買的人進(jìn)行宣傳,消除他們的抵抗情緒,對他們說無論多窮,家里也不能沒有?星期六晚間郵報?.e.g.Icantstandforthemanagerwhenheisout.Iwouldn*tstandforthatsortoftreatmentifIwereyou.2breakdown制服,壓垮14ItoldmymotherI,dchangedmymindaboutwantingt

12、osucceedinthemagazinebusiness.15IfyouthinkImgoingtoraiseagood-for-nothing,shereplied,Myouvegotanotherthinkcoming.2IfyouthinkImgoingtoraiseagood-for-nothing,shesaid,youvegotanotherthinkcoming.“Iwonttellyougrowuptobecomeagood-for-nothing,“shereplied,“IfyouthinkIwill,you*requitemistaken,andyoudbetterst

13、opthinkingthatway.2setforth:tosetout/off動身,出發(fā)2Bedue到期限譯文：她答復(fù)說：“你要是以為我會去培養(yǎng)一個廢物,那你趁早消除這個念頭.Shetoldmetohitthestreetswiththecanvasbagandstartringingdoorbellstheinstantschoolwasoutthenextday.譯文：她叫我第二天一放學(xué)就背起挎包出發(fā),挨家挨戶地按人家的門鈴.WhenIobjectedthatIdidntfeelanyaptitudeforsalesmanship,sheaskedhowIdliketolendhermy

14、leatherbeltsoshecouldwhacksomesenseintome.譯文：我說我不同意,我根本就沒有學(xué)推銷術(shù)的天分,她聽了這話后,就問我是不是想把皮帶借給她,把我揍一頓,讓我明白點道理.aptitude：capablewhack：beatwildlyaptituden：ability水平attituden態(tài)度altituden海拔Ibowedtosuperiorwillandenteredjournalismwithaheavyheart.譯文：我只好屈服于我母親至高無上的意志,心事重重地進(jìn)入了新聞行業(yè).bowedto：givein妥協(xié),屈服16 MymotherandIhad

15、foughtthisbattlealmostaslongasIcouldremember.譯文：差不多從我記事起,我和我母親就一直為此爭執(zhí)不休.Itprobablystartedevenbeforememorybegan,whenIwasacountrychildinnorthernVirginiaandmymother,dissatisfiedwithmyfather,splainworkman*slife,determinedthatIwouldnotgrowuplikehimandhispeople,withcallusesontheirhands,over-allsontheirbac

16、ks,andfourth-gradeeducationsintheirheads.譯文：我還不會記事的時候就開始了,那會兒我還是個北弗吉尼亞農(nóng)村的孩子,我母親不滿足于父親普通工人的生活,決心讓我長大以后不像他和他的家人那樣,手上長滿老繭,身上穿著工裝,頭腦里只有小學(xué)四年級的文化水平.callus老繭Shehadfancierideasoflifespossibilities.譯文：她比父親對生活前景抱有更美好的夢想.IntroducingmetotheSaturdayEveningPost,shewastryingtoweanmeasearlyaspossiblefrommyfather,sw

17、orldwheremenleftwiththeirlunchpailsatsunup,workedwiththeirhandsalltheirlives,anddiedwithafewsticksofmail-orderfurnitureastheirlegacy.譯文：她讓我嘗試和體驗推銷?星期六晚間郵報?,是試圖讓我盡早脫離我父親的那個天地.在那個天地里,太陽一出來男人們就帶著飯盒離開家,一輩子干體力活,到死的時候留下的遺產(chǎn)只不過是郵購來的幾件家具.Inmymothersvisionofthebetterlifethereweredesksandwhitecollars,well-pres

18、sedsuits,eveningsofreadingandlivelytalk,andperhaps-ifamanwerevery,veryluckyandhitthejackpot,reallymadesomethingimportantofhimselfperhapstheremightbeafantasticsalaryof$5,000ayeartosupportabighouseandaBuickwitharumbleseatandvacationinAtlanticCity.譯文：在我母親的心目中,像樣的生活里要有書桌,人們穿戴白領(lǐng)子和熨燙整潔的西服,晚上讀書和進(jìn)行愉快的談話,或者是

19、一一要是一個人非常富裕,非常成功,大大提升了自己的社會地位一一他可能有5,000美元這樣令人難以相信的年薪來維持一株大房子和一輛有折卷加座的別克矯車,還能在大西洋城度假.unexpectedsuccess17 AndsoIsetforthwithmysackofmagazines.Iwasafraidofthedogsthatsnarledbehindthedoorsofpotentialbuyers.Iwastimidaboutringingthedoorbellsofstrangers,relievedwhennoonecametothedoor,andscaredwhensomeoned

20、id.譯文：我不敢按陌生人家的門鈴,按鈴之后要是沒有人到門口來.我倒松了一口氣,要是來了人我感到害怕.betimidabout害羞的Despitemymother*sinstructions,Icouldnotdeliveranengagingsalespitch.譯文：盡管我母親教了我,我就是不會滔滔不絕地向人宣傳那雜志.inspiteofregardlessofWhenadooropenedIsimplyasked,“WanttobuyaSaturdayEveningPost?InBellevillefewpersonsdid.Itwasatownof30,000people,andmos

21、tweeksIrangafairmajorityofitsdoorbells.譯文：這是個有3萬人口的城鎮(zhèn),多數(shù)情況下一周內(nèi),很大局部人家的門鈴我都按過.ButIrarelysoldmythirtycopies.SomeweeksIcanvassedtheentiretownforsixdaysandstillhadfourorfiveunsoldmagazinesonMon-dayevening;thenIdreadedthecomingofTuesdaymorning,whenabatchofthirtyfreshSaturdayEveningPostwasdueatthefrontdoo

22、r.譯文：另一批30份新印出來的?星期六晚間郵報?按時送到大門口時.Part3:Paras.18-2618 OnerainynightwhencarwindowsweresealedagainstmeIcamebacksoakedandwithnotasinglesaletoreport.MymotherbeckonedtoDoris.19 GobackwithBuddyandshowhimhowtosellthesemagazines,Mshesaid.20 Brimmingwithzest,Doris,thensevenyearsold,returnedwithmetothecorner.

23、譯文：多麗絲那時7歲,她滿腔熱忱地跟我回到街角處.Myhalf-yearsinterestisduenow.21 Brimwith:tobefullof充滿Shetookamagazinefromthebag,andwhenthelightturnedredshestrodetothenearestcarandbangedhersmallfistagainsttheclosedwindow.Thedriver,probablystartledtoseesuchalittlegirlassaultinghiscar,loweredthewindowtostare,andDoristhrustaS

24、aturdayEveningPostathim.譯文：那個開車人發(fā)現(xiàn)闖到他車旁的竟然是個很小的女孩子,可能感到十分驚訝,于是放下車窗,盯她一眼,這時多麗絲把一份?星期六晚間郵報?塞給了他.attack22 uYouneedthismagazine,shepiped,anditonlycostsanickel.譯文：女孩說：“你需要這份報紙,它只要5分錢.sellvonsale23 Hersalesmanshipwasirresistible.譯文：她的推銷技巧令人無法拒絕.英語譯文：Sheurgedpeopletobuythemagazinesopersuasivelyandsuccessfu

25、llythattheycouldnotrefuseher.Beforethelightchangedhalfadozentimesshedisposedoftheentirebatch.譯文：還沒等紅綠燈改變6次,她就把30份雜志賣完了.Disposeof處理,處置Ididn,tfeelhumiliated.Iwassohappy(Idecidedtogiveheratreat)(我決定買點吃的犒勞她).LeadinghertothevegetablestoreonBellevilleAvenue,Iboughtthreeapples,whichcostanickel,andgaveheron

26、e.Thedictatorsoondisposedofhisopponents.24 decidetodosth.decideagainststh./doingsth.決定反對decidefor/infavourofsth.決定贊成eg,Thecourthasdecidedfor/infavourofthedefendant.decideon/uponsth,對某事做出決定e.g.WevedecidedonParisforournextvacation.23 uYoushouldn*twastemoney,shesaid.24 Eatyourapple.Ibitintomine.25 Yous

27、houldn*teatbeforesupper,“shesaid.It11spoilyourappetite.26 Backatthehousethatevening,shedutifullyreportedmeforwastinganickel.譯文：當(dāng)天晚上回到家里,她規(guī)規(guī)矩矩地揭發(fā)我浪費了5美分.Insteadofascolding,Iwasrewardedwithapatonthebackforhavingthegoodsensetobuyfruitinsteadofcandy.譯文：母親不但沒有責(zé)備我,還由于我挺懂事,買的是水果而不是糖,拍了拍我的后背表示贊賞.27 Ididntfe

28、elhumiliated.Ididn*tfeelashamedofmypoorperformanceatall.28 Berewardedwith得到的獎賞MymotherreachedintoherbottomlesssupplyofmaximsandtoldDoris,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.譯文：我母親這時從她那無窮無盡的格言警句庫中信手拈出一條,對多麗絲說：“一天一蘋果,醫(yī)生自己躲.英語譯文：Mymotherbegantoquoteawisesayingfromherunlimitedcollection.Part4:(Paras.27-33)27

29、 BythetimeIwastenIhadlearnedallmymother*smaximsbyheart.Askingtostayuppastnormalbedtime,Iknewthatarefusalwouldbeexplainedwith“Earlytobedandearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthy,andwise.譯文：我請求晚睡時,如果她不同意,我就知道她會通過這條格言來說明原因：“早睡早起,就會健康、富裕、智慧.learnbyheart銘記在心IfIwhimperedabouthavingtogetupearlyinthemorning,I

30、coulddependonhertosay,“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.譯文：我要是抱怨清晨還得早早起床,我保證她就會說：“早起的鳥兒能逮住蟲兒.28 TheoneImostdespisedwas,“Ifatfirstyoudontsucceed,try,try,tryagain.ThiswasthebattlecrywithwhichsheconstantlysentmebackintothehopelessstrugglewheneverImoanedthatIhadrungeverydoorbellintownandknewtherewasnttasinglepot

31、entialbuyerleftinBellevillethatweek.譯文：我最討厭的那條格言是：“第一次不成功,努力,努力,再努力.每當(dāng)我嘟嚷著說我按過了城里各家各戶的門鈴,貝爾維爾當(dāng)周不會再有人買那雜志時,我母親就用這個戰(zhàn)斗口號打發(fā)我回去做那件亳無成功希望的事情.Afterlisteningtomyexplanation,shehandedmethecanvasbagandsaid,“Ifatfirstyoudon,tsucceed29 Threeyearsinthatjob,whichIwouldgladlyhavequitafterthefirstdayexceptforherins

32、istence,producedatleastonevaluableresult.譯文：這活要不是我母親非要我干,我干過一天之后就不想干了.不過干了3年至少產(chǎn)生了一個很有價值的效果.exceptfor后面的與前面講的不是一類,如果是一類那么用exceptMymotherfinallyconcludedthatIwouldnevermakesome-thingofmyselfbypursuingalifeinbusinessandstartedconsideringcareersthatdemandedlesscompetitivezeal.譯文：我母親最后得出結(jié)論,認(rèn)為我在商界是不會有所作為的

33、,她開始為我考慮不需要很高競爭熱忱的職業(yè).30 OneeveningwhenIwaselevenIbroughthomeashortcompositiononmysummervacationwhichtheteacherhadgradedwithanA.譯文：我11歲時的一天晚上,帶回家一篇關(guān)于暑假的小作文,老師給這篇作文打了最高分.Readingitwithherownschoolteacher,seye,mymotheragreedthatitwastop-drawerseventhgradeproseandcomplimentedme.譯文：我母親以自己當(dāng)老師的眼光讀了這篇作文,她認(rèn)為這

34、確實是7年級高水平的文章,她還表揚了我.witheye從視角看,以的眼光看top-drawer=thehighestlevelNothingmorewassaidaboutitimmediately,butanewideahadtakenlifeinhermind.Halfwaythroughsuppershesuddenlyinterruptedtheconversation.譯文：這事她當(dāng)時沒再說什么,不過她腦子里已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了一個新主意.晚飯吃到一半的時候,她忽然打斷了我們的談話.31 Buddy,shesaid,“maybeyoucouldbeawriter.32 Iclaspedthei

35、deatomyheart.譯文：我把這想法存在心里.claspedtomyheart=keepindeepheartIhadnevermetawriter,andshownnopreviousurgetowrite,andhadntanotionhowtobecomeawriter,butIlovedstoriesandthoughthatmakingupstoriesmustsurelybealmostasmuchfunasreadingthem.譯文：我從來沒有見過作家,以前也沒有想寫作的迫切愿望,對怎樣才能成為作家一點概念都沒有,不過我喜歡讀故事,我想編故事肯定和讀故事一樣有趣.33 m

36、akeup:編造Bestofall,though,andwhatreallygladdenedmyheart,wastheeaseofthewriterslife.Writersdidnothavetotrudgethroughthetownpeddlingfromcan-vasbags,defendingthemselvesagainstangrydogs,beingrejectedbysurlystrangers.譯文：不過,(當(dāng)作家)最好之處一一真正令我快樂的事一一是作家生活的安逸.作家不必疲憊不堪地穿街走巷背著帆布袋去叫賣,不必提防那些惡狗,不必遭受陌生人惡習(xí)言惡習(xí)語的回絕.Write

37、rsdidnothavetoringdoorbells.SofarasIcouldmakeout,whatwritersdidcouldn,tevenbeclassifiedaswork.譯文：按我當(dāng)時的理解,作家干的事甚至不能算作是工作.classifymakeout：了解,明白：識別出33Iwasenchanted.Writersdidnthavetohaveanygumptionatall.Ididnotdaretellanybodyforfearofbeinglaughedatintheschoolyard,butsecretlyIdecidedthatwhatI*dliketobew

38、henIgrewupwasawriter.譯文：這主意使我著迷.作家根本不必有闖勁兒.這事我不敢跟任何人說,怕在校園里讓人笑話,不過我私下認(rèn)定長大之后要當(dāng)作家.forfearof害怕一III. vocabularyExercises1. Completethefollowingsentences.1) Putsuitableprepositionsoradverbsintheblanks.(1) Turnright(at)thesecondintersection,andyou11findthebankyouarelookingfor.(2) Hehasgreataptitude(for)la

39、nguagelearning.(3) Howweshalldispose(of)plasticgarbageisabigproblem.(4) Hewasrewarded(with)afreetriptoHongKong(for)hisachievement.(5) Istayed(up)late,memorizingclass-notes(by)heartbeforetheexam.(6) Youlookworried.Telluswhats(on)yourmind.(7) Doyouhaveanygoodideas(in)yourmind?(8) Shemade(up)thestoryto

40、cover(up)hermistake.(9) HoweverhardItried,Icouldn,tmake(out)themeaningofthepoem.(10) Thehunter*sis(on)thefringeofaforest.(11) TheboydidntknowwhattheinitialsN.E.stood(for).(12) Manyforeignfriendsfirmlystood(by)theChinesepeopleintheirstruggleagainsttheJapaneseinvaders.(13) Haveyoudecided(on/upon)adate

41、foryourwedding?(14) Alotofparentscannotstand(up)(to)theirchildren,sunreasonabledemands.2) Choosetherightwordforeachblankandputtheverbintherightformwherenecessary.(1) contrast,compareA. They(compared)thetwobooksandfoundtheyweremuchthesame.B. Inthisbookthewriter(contrasts/contrasted)goodwithevil.(2) g

42、ame,matchA. Thechildrenareplayinga(game)ofhide-and-seekintheyard.B. Therewillbeafootball(match)betweenthetwoschoolsnextweek.(3) sure,certainA.Theywillonlyreopenthetalkson(certain)condi-tions.B.Don*tbetoo(sure)ofyourself.You?dbetteraskhimfirst.sure表certain表/定a.肯定的(做表語)；given一定,某種(做定語)Toacertainextent

43、(degree)在某種程度上Besureofsth(4) reject,refuseA. Whileabroad,he(refuses)todoanythingthatmightharmhiscounrty1simage.B. Theirapplicationforavisawasagain(rejected).(5) scold,criticizeA,Shenever(scolds)herchildrenfortakingaparttheirtoys.8. Thenightguardwasseverely(criticized)forneglectinghisduty.IV. Grammar

44、andUsageUnusualPrepositions:but,except,from,insteadof1 .but除去,除開1)but作介詞不能放在句首,它后面除了像其他介詞一樣可跟名詞和代詞外,還可跟介詞短語、形容詞、不定式和從句.注意：在donothingbut和thereisnothingtodobut后面的不定式通常省略to.donothingbut+dothereisnothingtodobut兩個后面都加doo2)區(qū)分介詞but與連詞butEveryonehadagoodtimebutJohn.(介i司)ThestudentshadagoodtimebutnotJohn/but

45、Johndidnot.(連詞)2 .except除去,除掉1)與but一樣,except后而除了像其他介詞一樣可跟名詞和代詞外,還可跟介詞短語、不定式和從句.注意：在donothing/everything/anythingexcept的句型中,其后的不定式多省略to.donothing/anything/everythig+exceptdosthTheycoulddonothingexceptwaitforhelptoarrive.except同類exceptfor不同類2) except和exceptfor的區(qū)別ThehousewasdecoratedforChristinasexcept

46、thekitchen.(kitchen是house的一局部)Wehadaverypleasanttime,exceptfortheweather,(we與theweather不同類)3) but和except的區(qū)別but后面的成分一般不重要,而except那么強(qiáng)調(diào)它后而所跟的成分,but多放在否認(rèn)句或否定詞nobody,nothing等之后,而except那么不一定.4) from的幾個主要用法1)表示來源,根源2)表示原因3)表示“從到4)表示“用材料makefrom看不出makeof看得出注意from與同樣表示材料的of與outof的區(qū)別.Of表示成品中看得出來原材料.Outof強(qiáng)調(diào)利用某

47、物做Shemadejacketforhersonoutofanoldcoatofherhusbands.Thehouseisbuiltofstone.5)可跟表示方位的介詞詞組或副詞under,behind,above,before連用5) insteadof取代,代替Exercises1. Completethefollowingsentenceswithappropriateprepositions.1) Yourcompositionisallright(exceptfor)afewspellingmis-takes.2) Mostofthefurnitureinthisroomismade(of)redwood.3) (Exceptfor)herawfulawfulhairstyle,Iwouldsayshelooksallright.4) CouldIhavesomefreshorangejuice(insteadof)lemonade,please?5) You*11breakdown(from)overworkifyougoonlikethis.6) Theyobviouslyexpectedabette