專題2.3Grammar-八年級英語人教版(上冊)

1、Unit 2 How often do you exercise?2.3 Grammar一、how often引導的特殊疑問句1 . how often意為”多久(一次)”，它引導的特殊疑問句用來詢問某動作發(fā)生的頻率。howoften通常是對一些表示頻率的副詞提問，如： always, usually, often , sometimes, never等，也可以對表示“多久幾次" 之類的頻率短語提問, 如 once a week, twice a year, three times a day 等。? How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次 ？

2、Once a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次 /經(jīng)常/有時。2 .特別提示：若僅對像 once, twice , threetimes這樣只表示次數(shù)的詞語提問，要用 how many times"多少 次"，不用 how often。? How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去過北京多少次 ？ Only once.僅僅一次。3 .注意how often與其他短語的區(qū)別(1) howlong主要用來提問動作延續(xù)了多長時間，答語通常含有“for+ 一段時間"、"since +時間點”或sin

3、ce引導的時間狀語從句。問句和答語中的謂語動詞通常為延續(xù)性動詞。how long也可以用來詢問長度。? How long can I keep this book? 這本書我能借多長時間 ？Fortwo weeks. 兩周。? How long is the bridge? 這座橋有多長？About 1,000 meters.大約 1, 000 米。(2) howsoon用來詢問“過多久”動作才發(fā)生，謂語動詞常為終止性動詞，時態(tài)多為將來時，答語通常 為“in+一段時間”。? How soon will you get here? 你還有多久能到這里 ？ In five minutes. 五分鐘

4、以后。(3) howfar用來詢問兩地之間的距離“有多遠”。? How far is it from your home to your factory?你家離你的工廠有多遠 ？About twenty minutes ' walk.步行大約 20 分鐘。一 does your father go to the fitness center?-He exercises there twice a week.A. How soonB. How oftenC. How long【答案】B【點撥】本題用尋找題眼法。由答語卬”ga 比k，可知問句是對頻率提問口二、”比較法U學習頻率副詞相同點a

5、lways(100%)usually(80%左右)always , usually , often , sometimes, hardly ever, never 者B是頻率副詞，句中只有一個行為動詞時，應位于動詞之前；當有助動詞、系動詞、情態(tài)動詞時，位于其后；謂語動詞為多個時，放在個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后(有not時，放not之后)。(1) always表7K動作重復，狀態(tài)連續(xù)，中間從來沒有間斷，表不頻率最大，意思是"總是，一直，永遠"。其反義詞為never。(2) always與進行時態(tài)連用，并不強調(diào)動作正在進行，而是表示說話人的“贊嘆、不滿、厭煩”等情緒，帶后強烈的感情

6、色彩，結(jié)構(gòu)：be always doing sth。? She is always asking for leave.她老是請假。(表小不滿)(3) always與not連用，表示部分否定，意思是"不總是"。? The rich are not always happy. 有錢人未必總幸福。? I do not always believe what he says.我并沒始終相他所說的話。usually的頻率僅次于 always,意為"通常"，表不通常如此，很少例外。其反義詞為unusually。usually Ti情況下位于句中。? He usual

7、ly goes to bed at ten o 'clock.他通常在 10 點睡覺。? What do you usually do on Sundays? 你通常星期天T什么 ？often(50%左右)often"經(jīng)常，常?！?，強調(diào)經(jīng)常性，表不動作重復，中1司有間斷，它比always,usually語氣弱，其反義詞為 seldom。? They often go for a walk after supper.晚飯后，他們常常去散步。? She is often late for work.她上班常遲到。sometimes(30%左右)(1) sometimes表tk&q

8、uot;有時，不時，間或“，同義詞組為at times,表示動作偶爾發(fā)生，中間間隔較大，頻率比 often小。(2) sometimes有時為了對比或強調(diào)，也可位于句首或句末,但不引起倒裝。? Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有時在豕睡覺， 有 時在辦公室睡覺。hardly ever(1%-10% 左右)(1) hardly ever"幾乎從不，很少“，所表示的頻率已經(jīng)很少了，相當于seldom。? He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight.他很少

9、在半夜前就寢。(2) hardly ever是具有否定意義的副詞，不與 not連用。never(0%)(1) never表小"從來小，未曾，永不”，頻率為零，表小動作或狀態(tài)從沒發(fā)生。(2)通常情況下，句子中用了never,就不再用含有否te忌義的not, no, nothing等詞。(3) never位于句首時要用倒裝語序。? Never have I met such a strange person.我從來沒有碰見過這么怪的人。小提示(1)率的答every day, once a week, three times a day等。(2)對表不頻率的副詞和短語提問用how ofte

10、n。工方法技巧頻度副詞用法行前系后情助后，句首句末表強調(diào)。(行一行為動詞；系一系動詞 be;情一情態(tài)動詞；助一助動詞) Do you like going mountain climbing?B. oftenD. hardly ever Yes, I do it on weekends with my friends.A. seldomC. never【答案】B1解析】本題青宣卻度副詞的辨析口句意：你毒熟去爬山嗎？是的j我和找的朋右周末經(jīng)常去“Qdom很少：oMn經(jīng)常3 口ever從來不：hard、盯k幾乎從不了很少&故選I.單項選擇1.（福建福州卷） is the nearest h

11、ospital from here?Er, it's about ten minutes' walk.C. How oftenA. How longB. How far2.（貴州黔西南卷）一will you come back?B. How long-I will come back in eighteen days.C. How soonA. How oftenD. How much3.（湖南長沙卷）will you fly to Beijing?In two days.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon4.（江蘇連云港卷）will the

12、6th Chinese Film Festival in France last?一From May 24th to July 19th.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How long5.（湖北荊州卷）-ID. How many eat vegetables.But they are good for your health! We should eat them every day.A. oftenB. usuallyC. alwaysD. seldom6. （廣東佛山卷）Meals are very boring. He has the same thing to e

13、at every day.A. neverB. usuallyC. sometimes7. （廣西崇左卷） Have you ever been to Guilin? No, . I hope I can go there next year.A. alwaysB. sometimesC. neverD. often8. （大連卷） There is lots of interesting work to do here, so I feel bored.A. alwaysB. oftenC. usuallyD. never9. （綏化卷） How often does Mike go to

14、the net bar? . He is so busy with his study.A. Almost every day B. AlwaysC. Hardly ever10. （泰安） do I need to feed the pet dog? Twice a day.A. How longC. How soonB. How muchD. How often11. （綏化 ） How often does Mike go to the net bar? . He is so busy with his study.A. Almost every day B. Always12. do

15、you play football? Never. I don t like that.C. Hardly everA. How farC. How oftenB. How manyD. How long13. How many hours do you exercise every day?A. Twice a dayC. TwoB. SecondD. Two times14. If my friends have any problems, my door is open to them.A. neverB. seldomD. alwaysC. sometimes15. I ride a

16、bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.A. neverB. hardlyC. seldomD. usuallyII.根據(jù)要求完成下列各題1. I visited my friends in Beijing twice a month last year.（對畫線部分提問）did you visit your friends in Beijing last year?2. Mike always plays computer games on school nights.（改為否定句） Mike computer games o

17、n school nights.3. I go to school five days a week.（對畫線部分提問） do you go to school a week?4. She watches TV every day.（對畫線部分提問） she watch TV?5. Mr. Zhang is teaching him English. （用 often 改寫句子）Mr. Zhang him English.6. I often go shopping.（對畫線部分提問） do you go shopping?7. She sleeps seven hours every day

18、.（對畫線部分提問） does she every day?8. His shoes are fifty yuan.（對畫線部分提問） are his shoes?9. She washes clothes every Sunday.（改為否定句） She clothes every Sunday.10. We often visit our grandparents on weekends.（對畫線部分提問） you often on weekends?11. Many young people watch football matches on TV four or 巾ve times a

19、 week.（對畫線部分提問）many young peoplefootball matches on TV?12. Jack usually does his homework at school.(改為一般疑問句) Jack his homework at school?III.完成句子，每空一詞1 .你父親周末經(jīng)常做什么？ (usually)2 .你多久打掃一次你的臥室？ ( how often)3 .母親說這對我的健康有益。(be good for)4 .你每晚睡幾個小時？ ( how many)5 . 一些學生每周看電視 4到5次。(times)6 .夏天的下午我們通常在公園里玩。(

20、usually)7 .我媽媽上班從不遲到。(never)8 .你應該經(jīng)常去看你的祖父母。(often)9 .不要總是待在家看電視。(always)10 .有時候我坐汽車去那里。(sometimes)IV.完形填空Ava was ill. She went to see a doctor. The doctor asked her to 1 her tongue (舌頭)，and then hesaid, " OK. You can put your tongue back now. There's2 wrong with you, but I'm afraid you

21、 have aproblem, you never takeII"But, doctor," Ava said, " I don ' t think sO."Don' t 4 me what you think," the doctor said, " I see a lot of people 5 you. None of them get any exercise. They sit in offices all day and in front of the TV in the evening. You must

22、 walk quickly for at least 20 minutes a day."" Doctor, you don ' t understand. Ava said, " I take enough exercise every day."" I don ' t want to 6 any excuses," the doctor said, " You must find time 7 exercise. If you don ' t, you will get 8 and have he

23、alth problems.""But I walk every day. " Ava said." Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that is. You walk9 meters to the bus stop from yours not ahouse, from the bus stop to your office, and from your office to your dining- room for lunch and back. That real walk. I ' m t

24、alking about a walk by the lake or in the park for 20 minutes every day." Would you please 10 me, doctor?" Ava said, " I' m a postwoman. I walk for nearly seven hours every day."For a moment the doctor was silent, then he said, " Can I see your tongue again?"1. A. p

25、ut away2. A. somethingB. put downB. nothingC. put outC. some3. A. exercisesB. medicineC. exercise4. A. tellB. sayC. ask5. A. seemB. likesC. like6. A. hearB. sayC. find7. A. aboutB. forC. in8. A. thinB. strongC. fat9. A. littleB. a littleC. a few10. A. to hearB.hearC. listen toV.短文填空Now many children

26、 are getting fat because they do little e 1. Some of them spend too much time watching TV . O 2 have to spend a lot of time studying. So they don 't have e 3 time to exercise.A report says that many middle school students spend about 10 hours a day sitting down and more than 13 hours e 4 week wa

27、tching TV. And many students like eating sweet food. That also m 5 them fatter.Do you want to be healthy but don 't know h 6? It is very i 7 to exercise and eat the right food.You don't need to spend all day doing exercise to keep fit. In fact, you can exercise anywhere at any t8Walking to s

28、chool, c 9 the house or climbing stairs（ 樓梯）every day can h 10. Remember there areeasy ways to keep fit. Doing exercise can make you feel good. That also helps you do better at school.分科令果I.單項選擇1. B【解析】句意：一一最近的醫(yī)院離這里多遠？一一嗯，步行大約十分鐘的路程。how long多久，多長時間，提問時間；low far多遠，提問路程；how often多久一次，提問頻率。由答語可知問的是路程 的

29、長度，故選Ao2 C【解析】句意二 你多快會回來？一我在18天后會回來口 howgen多久一況 向頻率副詞提問j hoKlmg多長f多久，問時間的長度；hok soon多快，問動作多快會發(fā)生最howmudi多少，問不可 數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。由答語可知這里問的是多快,故選C&3. C 【解析】句意：你多久會飛回北京？2天后。How long多長時間；How often多久一次；Howsoon還要過多久，與將來時連用。故選 Co4. C【解析】句意：一一法國的中國第6屆電影節(jié)持續(xù)多長時間？一一從5月24日到7月19日。How often多久一次；How soon還要過多久；How long多長，

30、對時間段提問；How many多少，對可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問。故選Co5. D 【解析】句意：一一我很少吃蔬菜。一一但是它們對你的健康有好處！我們應該每天吃它們。often經(jīng)常；usually 經(jīng)常；always 總是；seldom 很少；根據(jù) But they are good for your health!可知此處表示 轉(zhuǎn)折關系，雖然它們有利于健康，但是他吃得少，故用副詞seldom,故選D。6. B【解析】句意：他的飲食很單一， 每天通常吃同樣的東西。never從不，絕不；usually通常；sometimes有時。故選Bo7. C 【解析】句意：一一你曾經(jīng)去過桂林嗎？一一沒有，從沒去過。

31、我希望明年能去那里。這四個選項都是頻率副詞，always總是，一直；sometimes有時，偶爾；never從不，從來不；often經(jīng)常。根據(jù)否Co定回答及后文說希望明年能去，說明從來沒有去過，故選always總是，一直；often經(jīng)常;8. D 【解析】句意：這兒有許多有趣的事情做。因此我從不感到無聊。usually通常；never從不，絕不。因為有許多有趣的事，所以從不無聊。故選 D。9. C 【解析】almost every day 幾乎每天；always 總是；hardly ever 幾乎從不。由"He is so busy with his study." 可知C

32、項為正確答案。10. D【解析】句意：我多久需要喂寵物狗一次？ 天兩次。how long多長時間；how much多少（錢）；how soon多久；how often多久一次。根據(jù)答語可知詢問頻率，故選 D。11. C【解析Llmosi even day幾乎每天冠砧-野行總是由亞山丁 ever幾乎從不口由"He is so busy 口油his study " 可知C項為正碉答案c12. C【解析撥】how fax多遠；how many多少；how often多久一次,how long多長時間口由Never可知是 對頻率進行提問，所以選心13. C【解析】句意：你每天運動多

33、少個小時？兩個小時。由問句中的How many hours可知這里是問運動的時長，故選Co14. D【解析】本題用句意分析法解題。句意：如果我的朋友有任何問題，我的門總是會為他們敞開。never從不；seldom 很少；sometimes有時；always總是。故選 D項。15. D【解析】句意：我通常騎自行車去學校。但是今天早上我步行去的學校。never從不；hardly幾乎不；seldom很少；usually通常，結(jié)合句意可知要選D。II .根據(jù)要求完成下列各題1. How often5. often teaches9. doesn't wash2. never plays6. H

34、ow often10. What do; do3. How many days7. How many hours ; sleep11. How many times do ; watch4. How often does8. How much12. Does; usually doIII .完成句子，每空一詞1. What does your father usually do on weekends?2. How often do you clean your bedroom?3. Mother says it ' gsod for my health.4. How many hou

35、rs do you sleep every night?5. Some students watch TV four or five times a week.6. We usually play in the park in the afternoon in summer.7. My mother is never late for work.8. You should often go to see your grandparents.9. Don ' t always watch TV at home.10. Sometimes I go there by car.IV.完形填空

36、【文章大意】Ava生病了去看醫(yī)生，醫(yī)生檢查了她的舌頭之后，建議她要多做運動，多走動。不然就會變胖或者會有健康方面的問題。建議她每天至少走二十分鐘的路。Ava說她是郵遞員，每天至少要走七個小時。最后醫(yī)生提出再次檢查她的舌頭。1. C【解析】考查動詞短語及語境的理解。句意：醫(yī)生讓她伸出舌頭。put away放好，儲存；put down記下，放下；put out伸出，撲滅； put up建造，舉起。故選 Co工R 解析拷查不定代詞及語境的理解句意:你身體沒有什么問題?根據(jù)but Im ait aid you have a problem, you never take exer ciseo但是我很擔

37、心你有一個問題，你從沒有參加救煉。故選B。3. C【解析】考查名后及語境的理解口句意:但是我很擔心你有一個問題,你從沒有夢加鍛煉口 tike Exercise 鍛煉?ukEmwl證汕亡吃藥*邙就出廣為鍛煉的意思時為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C©4. A【解析】考查代詞及語境的理解。句意：不要告訴我你在想什么。say、talk、tell、speak都是"說"的意思。say+內(nèi)容及say sth to sb;"用英語說"翻譯為 say it in English ,"給某人講故事"tell sb. a story, tell sb sth

38、/tell sth to sb。talk 交談，聊天 talk to sb/talk sb about sth。speak"說"、"講"、"演 講u。作及物動詞時，賓語常是表示語言的詞。故選 Ao5. C【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：我知道有很多人像你一樣。seem似乎，像是，不及物動詞，不能直接加sb,通常為seem like,看起來像。like像一樣，介詞。故選 C。6. A【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：我不想聽任何的借口。hear聽；say說；find找到；look for尋找。故選A。7. B【解析】考查介詞及語境的理解。句意：你必須要有鍛煉的時間。find time for sth抽時間做某事。故選B。8. C【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：如果你不這樣做，你就會變胖還會有健康問題。thin瘦；strong強壯；fat胖；healthy健康。根據(jù)題意，如果不鍛煉就會變胖。故選 C。9. C【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：從你的家到汽車站就只有幾米。little、a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。排除 A、B。a few一些。故選 C。10. C【