必修1 Unit4-Earthquaked-[words-and-expressions]

1、Unit 4 EarthquakesUnit 4 Earthquakeswords and expressions1. right away1. right awaynI woke up at six and got up right away.nimmediately adv. 直接的nright nownat oncenI got in touch with him immediately after I received the letter.nLets pack up and start at once.同同義義詞詞n練一練：nThe injured passengers must b

2、e sent to the hospital _ or they will die.nA. right awayB. at firstnC. sooner or laterD. in the beginningnat fist 起初，最先起初，最先nin the beginning 最初最初nsooner or later 早晚早晚well2. burst2. burstn v.爆裂, 爆發(fā) nWe drove over some glass and one of our tyres burst.nburst into tears / laughter 突然大哭/大笑nburst out cr

3、ying / laughingn He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.nThe whole class burst out laughing.nn.突然破裂；爆發(fā) na burst of .一陣. na burst of laughter /thunder /applausenA burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.n歌聲結(jié)束之后響起一陣掌聲。 3. million3. millionnhundrednthousandnmillion nbillionnhun

4、dredsnthousandsnmillionsnbillionsfivedollarsof4. as if4. as ifnas if 好像，好似 = as thoughnShe spoke to me as if she knew me.nI was so happy that I felt as if I could fly.nas if + to do sth. “似乎要做某事”nHe stood up as if to leave.nas if as if 從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況是當(dāng)說(shuō)話人當(dāng)說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況發(fā)

5、生或存在的情況時(shí)。n從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的形式如下：n（1 1）如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)n 如：You look as if you didnt care n He talks as if he knew where she was n（2 2）從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“hadhad過(guò)去分詞”。n 如： He talks about Rome as if he had been there beforen The girl listened as if she had been turned to stonen（3 3）從句表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“wo

6、uldwouldcouldcouldmightmight動(dòng)詞原形”。n 如： He opened his mouth as if he would say something n It looks as if it might snow n（4 4）從句所表示的內(nèi)容若為事實(shí)或可能為事實(shí)，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣：nIt looks as if well be late.nThis meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. n在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)即使從句內(nèi)容不是事實(shí)，也可能用陳述語(yǔ)氣：nI feel as if as though Im floating on a

7、ir. nThe stuffed(玩具狗) dog barked as if it is were, was a real one. nHeacted_hehadneverlivedinChinabefore.nA.asthoughB.evenifC.as.sincenas if = as though 好像.nWhen a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _ . n A. breaks B. has broken n C. were broken D. had been broken n本題考查as if后接句子

8、，如句子反映的不是真實(shí)情況，則應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣5. at an end5. at an endat the end of后面既可以后面既可以接時(shí)間接時(shí)間，又可以，又可以接地點(diǎn)接地點(diǎn)。表示。表示“在在.末，在末，在.盡頭，盡頭，在在.末梢末梢”by the end of后面后面接時(shí)間接時(shí)間，表示，表示“到到.末為末為止；不遲于止；不遲于.”,.”,強(qiáng)調(diào)最后期強(qiáng)調(diào)最后期限限，常和，常和過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)或或?qū)?lái)完成將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)連用連用。in the end用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示“最后；終于最后；終于”，不可以與不可以與of連用連用come to an end“結(jié)束結(jié)束”，動(dòng)詞短

9、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)nThere is a school at the end of the street.nBy the end of this month, they will have finished their work.nIn the end she decided to buy the green hat.nAll good things come to an end.n練一練：nAfter years of thousands of peoples efforts, the project is finally_.nA. at an endB. at the endnC. by the

10、endD. on endcanal6. ruin6. ruinnn. 廢墟；毀滅 v. 毀滅；使破產(chǎn)nMy wife was ruining her health through worry.n be / lie in ruins 成為廢墟成為廢墟nThe city is now in ruins.nThe storm laid the village in ruins.nruin & destroy &damage用法區(qū)分ndamage, destroy 和 ruin 這三個(gè)單詞均表示破壞、損壞的意思,但各自的含義和用法不同。 n damage指部分部分 損壞損壞 、 損害損

11、害 、 破壞破壞 或或指使用價(jià)值有所降低指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動(dòng)詞,也可以用作名詞,用作名詞時(shí)常與to sth.連用。例如: n Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm. n The accident did a lot of damage to his car.n destroy只能用作動(dòng)詞, ,指徹底破壞徹底破壞, ,以致以致不可能修復(fù)不可能修復(fù), ,常作 破壞 、 毀滅 解, ,也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破希望、計(jì)劃等打破。例如:nThe earthquake destroyed almost the whol

12、e town. nHis hope of being a writer was destroyed. nruinruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重破壞嚴(yán)重, ,以致不能修復(fù)以致不能修復(fù), ,但這種破壞不像destroydestroy那樣毀滅某物, ,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問(wèn)題。n用作動(dòng)詞時(shí), ,它作 使毀滅 、 使崩潰 、 弄糟 解; ;用作名詞時(shí), ,它表示 毀滅 、 瓦解 、 廢墟 等抽象概念。ruinruin也有借喻的用法。n例如: The fire ruined the castle. n The house has fallen into ruin. n The company is

13、facing ruin. n練一練：nThe flood _ all the bridges, so we had to get there by boat.nA. destroyedB. injurednC. harmedD. hurt7. injure7. injurenTwo-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.n 2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。ninjured adj.受傷的；受委屈的nthe injured 傷員nThe company sent the injured back home by air.

14、wound指指外傷外傷，如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷，尤指在，如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷戰(zhàn)斗中受傷。injure“損害；受傷”，指由于意外或事故意外或事故而受傷，著重指容貌、機(jī)能的損壞hurt“疼痛；痛苦；傷心”，指肉體上，也可也可指精神上的傷害指精神上的傷害。harm肉體上，也可指精神上的傷害，可能會(huì)肉體上，也可指精神上的傷害，可能會(huì)帶來(lái)不便。也指?jìng)耙粋€(gè)人的健康、權(quán)帶來(lái)不便。也指?jìng)耙粋€(gè)人的健康、權(quán)利和利益等。利和利益等。n選詞填空：injure. wound. hurt. harmn The soldier was _ in the arm in the war.n She was _

15、slightly in an accident during the work.n I was very much _ at his words.n This bright light will do great _ to your eyes.woundedinjuredhurtharm8. shock8. shocknPeople were shocked. v.nThe news gave her such a shock that her face turned white. n.nbe shocked at. 對(duì).感到震驚nbe shocked to do sth. 做某事很震驚 ns

16、hocking adj. 令人震驚的n用shock的適當(dāng)形式完成句子：n人們十分吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)不明飛行物在這座城市的上空飛行，這個(gè)讓人震驚的消息震動(dòng)了周?chē)娜藗?，也震?dòng)了全國(guó)各地的人們nPeople were _ to see that the UFO was flying over the city. The _ news _ all the people around, which was also a great _ to people all over the world.shockedshockingshockedshock9. rescue9. rescuenHe bravely we

17、nt into the burning house to rescue the baby.n練一練：nA group of soldiers with water and food were sent to _ the farmers trapped in the cave.nA. view B. organize C. rescue D. settlen rescue sb./sth. from . 把.從.營(yíng)救出來(lái)ncome to sb.s rescue(=rescue. sb.)援救某人nWe came to his rescue and pulled him out of the ri

18、ver.n我們?nèi)ゾ人?，把他從河里拉了出?lái)。nThe lifeboat(救生艇) was sent to rescue the people from the sinking ship.10. trap10. trapn vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱，困境nThat trap is intended for you. (n)nThe bear was trapped. (v.)ntrap sb. into sth./doing sth. 誘使某人做誘使某人做.nbe trapped in 被困在被困在.中，陷在中，陷在.中中nDont try to trap me into thinking.

19、nShe was trapped in the buring house.11. dig out11. dig outnThe rescuers managed to dig out the trapped minersnWhere on earth did yod dig out these old clothes？nThey are digging out a large ancient tomb12. bury12. burynWhenever he is free, he will bury his nose in a book.n他一有空就埋頭讀書(shū)。nDogs like to bur

20、y bones.nbury sth. in. 把.埋在.里nbe buried innbury oneself in 埋頭于，專(zhuān)心于，沉浸于nHe buried herself in her work.13. a (great) number of13. a (great) number ofnA number of students in our school enjoy listening to music.na number of / the number ofn用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空n A number of students _ (be) in the playground now

21、.n Yes. The number of the students _ (be) about 400.areis14. damage14. damagenMost of the damage was caused by your sister.nDont damage any person.ndo/cause damage to 給.帶來(lái)/造成毀壞nbe badly damaged 遭受?chē)?yán)重?fù)p害n練習(xí)：The camera was _ by his son. He had to have it repaired.nA. hurtB. damaged nC.wounded D. destroy

22、ed15. frighten15. frightennfrightened adj.受驚的，感到恐懼的(sb.)nfrightening adj.令人恐懼的(sth.)n練習(xí)：Dont you hear the _ sounds? Lucy asked in a _ voice.nA. frightening;frightenednB. frightened;frighteningnC. frightening;frighteningnD. frightened;frightenedn類(lèi)似的還有nsurprised/ surprising; nexcited/ exciting; ntired

23、/ tiring;ninterested/ interesting;npuzzled/ puzzling;ndisappointed/ disappointing16. congratulation16. congratulationncongratulate vt. vt.祝賀；向.致賀詞ncongratuate sb. on sth.因因某事向某人祝賀某事向某人祝賀ncongratuate oneself on/upon (doing) sth.n慶幸；感到自豪慶幸；感到自豪nLet me congratulate you on your winning first place in the 100 metre dash賽跑. .ncongratulationnn. (1)Un. (1)U祝賀，賀喜：nHis success deserves congratulation.n他的成功值得慶賀 n(2)(2)常用復(fù)數(shù) 祝賀( (詞),),祝詞Congratulations(on.)!祝賀恭喜.!.!nI offer your congratulations on the new year!n恭賀新年！17. judge17.