中考英語必考之被動(dòng)語態(tài)考點(diǎn)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載透析中考英語語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)考點(diǎn)【語態(tài)命題趨勢與預(yù)測】根據(jù)對(duì)語態(tài)部分全國各地中考試題的分析可知，今后該部分將是重點(diǎn)考查點(diǎn)之一。其考查重點(diǎn)為：1被動(dòng)語態(tài)在各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)中的用法2. “get 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法【考點(diǎn)詮釋】一、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)由be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，be 隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化，高考對(duì)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的考查通常從 以下九種時(shí)態(tài)人手。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by+實(shí)施者）”構(gòu)成。【考例 1. The Olympk Games_ every four years.北

2、京市A are heldB were heldC. are holdingD. will ho1d答案A。解析考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，“奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉行一次”可見須用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故排除了B、C、D。In the art show, a lot of enjoyment _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings .沈陽市A . is givingB is givenC will giveD has given答案Bo解析本題考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句中a lot of enjoyment是動(dòng)作的承受者?！霸谶@次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過中國國畫

3、展示給外國朋友。”Today Chin ese is beco ming more and more popular. It_in. many schools around theworld.南京市A. teachesB. is teach ingC. has taughtD. istaught答案Do解析考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的 特性，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as Peoples Writer安徽省A. is regarded B. has regarded C. i

4、s regard ing D. regards答案Ao解析選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示人們對(duì)這位偉大作家的愛戴。.Usually computers_ to search the Internet.吉林省A. useB. are using C. are usedD. used答案Co解析從句子看，電腦作主語，是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選Co7. -Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes. Our classroom_ every day.長沙市A. clea nB. clea nsC. is clea ned答案C。解析考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)物作主語，

5、一般要考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 但如果動(dòng)詞學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2. 一般過去時(shí)【考點(diǎn)透視】表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。一般過去 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“ was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by+實(shí)施者）”構(gòu)成?！究祭恳?Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?一 Yes. In fact, it_.Thats all because of the people and the factories around .黃岡市A. pollutedB was pollutedC has poll

6、utedD . waspollute答案Bo解析考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。-Our environmen t is gett ing worse tha n before.-Youre right. But tha nks to Earth Day_ , people have done more and more useful things toprotect（保護(hù)）the earth si nee Earth Day哈爾濱市A. is startedB. was startedC. has started答案Bo解析從句意：“自從

7、地球日開始以來，人們已做了一些越來越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境?！笨芍暗厍蛉铡钡拈_始，要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為 was started故選 BoWe_ into five groups to go to the old peoples home. We did many thi ngs to cheer themup.太原市A. dividedB. are dividedC. were divided答案Co解析本題主要考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意及語境可推知空格處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式。由后一句We did many things .”可推斷，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過去時(shí)。因此選 C。-I feel

8、 very happy that I_ to be the host.（江西?。〤-C on gratulati ons!A. chooseB. am chose n C. was chose nD. have n chose nMany trees and flowers_ in our school last year , and they made our school a beautifulgarden.（重慶市）DA . plant B. plantedC. have plantedD. were planted3. 般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)【考點(diǎn)透視】表示從現(xiàn)在看將來發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用

9、一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；表示從過 去某個(gè)時(shí)候看今后將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“will /shall be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by+實(shí)施者）或 am/is/are going to be+及物動(dòng) 詞的過去分詞 什 by+實(shí)施者）”構(gòu)成；過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由 would be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分 詞什 by+實(shí)施者）或 was/were going to be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by+實(shí)施者）”構(gòu)成?！究祭?Some famous paintings_ in the hall next week. 廣東省A. will showB. were sh

10、ow nC. is show nD. will beshow n答案Do解析本題綜合考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語為“一些名畫”，在此為動(dòng)作“展出”的 承受者，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，時(shí)間狀語為next week，是表示將來的時(shí)間狀語，所以句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，所以D 項(xiàng)正確。學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載A talk on developme nts in scie nee and tech no logy _ in the school hall n ext week . （天津人教四年制）BA. give nB. will be give nC. has bee n give nD. gives4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【考點(diǎn)透

11、視】表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且該動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，此時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“has/ have bee n+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（+by+實(shí)施者）”構(gòu)成?！究祭?-Great cha nges have take n place in this city.-Right. Many moder n tall buildi ngs have bee n_ these days.（武漢市）BA. turned upB. put upC. show n upD. fixed up5含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Twelve-year-olds shou

12、ld not_ to drive in China. 蘭州A. allowB. be allow C. allowedD. be allowed答案：D。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞。五、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊類型被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊類型主要有：1.在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，有時(shí)用 get/become 代替 be，構(gòu)成get/ become+過去分詞”，這種用法多用于口語中，其后通常不跟 by+實(shí)施者，它表示一種結(jié)果或狀態(tài)，而非動(dòng)作；2 .含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be done ; 3 .帶復(fù)合賓語句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！究祭?一 Do you ofte n clea n your

13、classroom? （年湖南長沙）Yes, our classroom_ every day.A. clea nB. clea nsC. is clea nedD. Clea ned答案為 C。句中有 every day，主語為 our classroom，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！菊Z法回顧】1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我們打掃。Such songs are usually sung by girls.這些歌通常是女孩子們唱的。 Russian is not taught in our sch

14、ool. 我們學(xué)校不教俄語。Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有許多貨物運(yùn)往國外嗎2.般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 這些嬰兒正由這個(gè)護(hù)士照看嗎？ How is the new teach ingmethod bei ng tried there 那里是怎樣試行這種新教學(xué)方法的？3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式Many foreig n films have bee n show n on TV since last mon th. 上個(gè)月以來，電視中播放

15、了許多外國影片。The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音機(jī)還沒開。Has a new training centre been set up in our city?我們市上新的培訓(xùn)中心建好了嗎？4.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式The classroom was clea ned by us yesterday.昨天教室被我們打掃了。The window was broke n by my son. 窗子是我兒子打破的。Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上種了許多樹嗎？5.般過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

16、形式The question was being discussed at the meeting yesterday afternoon. 在昨天下午的會(huì)上正討論 這個(gè)問學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載題。At that time they were being show n how to run the mach ine. 在那時(shí)，他們正演示如何操作這機(jī) 器。6.過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式He said that a new trade cen ter would be built in the centre of the city.他說一個(gè)新的貿(mào)易中心將在市中心建起來。She asked whether

17、their pla n would be con sidered with great care.她問他們的計(jì)戈U會(huì)不會(huì)得至U仔細(xì)的考慮。I was nt told that I should be invited to the party. 沒人告訴我要被邀請(qǐng)出席晚會(huì)。7.過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式His n ewly writte n novel had bee n tran slated into En glish by the end of last mon th. 上個(gè)月末，他剛 寫的小說已被翻譯成了英語。She told me that she had bee n dismissed

18、 by her boss.她告訴我，她的老板已把她解雇了。Her homework had not been fini shed whe n I got home. 我到家的時(shí)候，她的作業(yè)還沒有完成。8般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式If you break the school rules, you will be puni shed. 如果你違反校規(guī)，你將受到懲罰。A new Hope School will be ope ned in our village.我們家鄉(xiāng)將開辦一所新的希望學(xué)校。In a few years time, those mountains will be covered w

19、ith trees, too. 過幾年以后，那些山上會(huì)長 滿了樹。9.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：主動(dòng)句謂語如帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)，應(yīng)保留情態(tài)動(dòng)詞謂語部分為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞”。例如：Our classroom should be kept clean and tidy.我們的教室必須保持干凈清潔。A few of them can be cut each year for firewood。每年一些樹木被砍伐用作柴火。Many thousa nds of trees must be pla nted every year.每年都得種成千成萬株樹。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般疑問句，須將第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞

20、移至主語之前構(gòu)成。否定句須在助動(dòng)詞之后加構(gòu)成。例如：Is the stamp used for sending letters?郵票是用來發(fā)信的嗎？The knife isnt made of wood.這個(gè)小刀不是用木頭制做的。三、 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。1 當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者指需要強(qiáng) 調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：The cotton is grown in that farm.那個(gè)農(nóng)場里種植棉花。2、我們關(guān)心動(dòng)作的承受者但也關(guān)心動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：Nahan was written by Lu Xun.吶喊是魯迅寫的。3、

21、表示科學(xué)性及客觀性，在新聞報(bào)道和科技文章中用得較多。例如：Many of the stars cannot be see n because they are too far away.許多星星看不見，因?yàn)樗鼈冸x我 們太遙遠(yuǎn)了。It was reported that the scie ntists were search ing for new ways to solve the problems. 據(jù)報(bào)道科學(xué) 家正在尋求解決這些問題的新途徑。常見的句型結(jié)構(gòu)如下：It is (was) agreed (believed/decided/hoped/thought.) that.大家同意(相信

22、、決定、希望、認(rèn)為).It is (was) well known that 眾所周知學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載It is (was ) taken for gran ted that.被視為當(dāng)然It must be remembered that 務(wù)必記住.It mustn t be forgotten that 千萬另U忘記 .It is (was) said (reported, heard, told , suggested) that.據(jù)說(報(bào)道、聽說、告知、建議.)四、 主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義英語中有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)之分，并都以特定的形式出現(xiàn)。然而并非所有的主動(dòng)句式都表示主動(dòng)意 義，有些句子形式是主

23、動(dòng)的，而意義卻是被動(dòng)的。就其在英語中的具體運(yùn)用，從以下幾個(gè)方面加以歸納。1 一些表示感覺、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如：feel, sou nd, taste, look 等后面接形容詞作表語，形式上是主動(dòng)的，意思上表示被動(dòng)。例如：The mixture tasted terrible.這種混合液太難吃了。She sou nd nice. She has a beautiful voice .她唱得很好，她有一副好嗓子。Your father looks very an gry. Whats the matter? 你父親看起來很生氣，是怎么回事呢？2、有少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞(do, owe 欠，cook, pr

24、int, build )等，常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意思。例如：The meat is cook ing. 肉正在煮。The book is printing.書在印刷中。3、 一些表達(dá)事物行為、方式的動(dòng)詞如：wash, sell, write, say, open 等，習(xí)慣以主動(dòng)形式表示 被動(dòng)的含義。因?yàn)檫@樣使用更簡潔，更符合英美人的習(xí)慣，尤其在口語中。例如：The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.這家商店相當(dāng)新，因?yàn)樵谝恍瞧谇安砰_業(yè)。This kind of cloth washes very well.這種

25、布料很好洗滌。The door opened and in came Mr. White.門開了，懷特先生走進(jìn)來。The book sells well.這書很暢銷。4、 表示 發(fā)生，進(jìn)行之類不及物動(dòng)詞如：happen，last, take place， break out，go on，goby,move on 等，以主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：Youd better wait and see what happens to him.你最好等著瞧他會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out

26、 on the 11th floor. 大樓的第 11 層著火時(shí)，有 500 多人正在那幢樓上工作。Will the weather last Iong? 這種天氣會(huì)持續(xù)很久嗎？But many mon ths went by and no one visited the isla nd.可是一連許多月過去了，竟沒有人來光 顧這個(gè)島嶼。5、有些 系動(dòng)詞+分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，意思上也接近被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：He got wounded in a battle.他在一次戰(zhàn)斗中負(fù)傷。Ma ny coun tries became liberated in the followi ng mon ths.接下來的

27、數(shù)月中， 許多國家獲得解放。6、 be + 副詞或介詞短語， 女口 be on，be on show， be on sale, be in (out of) sight， be under discussion 等，這類副詞或介詞短語往往具有動(dòng)詞含義，相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá)的意義。例如：Summer wear is on sale. ( =Summer wear is being sold.) 夏季衣服正在出售。The film had been on for five minutes when I got to the cinema. ( =The film had been show when

28、 I got to學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載the cin ema.)我至 U 電影院時(shí)電影已放映了五分鐘。The two canoes were almost out of sight.(=The two canoes could hardly bee n see n any more.) 那 兩只獨(dú)木舟幾乎看不到了。7、不定式作后置定語的結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)作定語用的不定式除了被修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系外，還與句 子的主語或賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，不定式須用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：Is there anything to say?還有什么要說的嗎？We have a lot of things to do.我們有

29、許多事情要做。注意：若不定式與句子主語或賓語不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，只與所修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，即只有動(dòng)作的承受者，沒有動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，不定式應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。例如：He has something to be told to you.他有事(要我)轉(zhuǎn)告你。Have you an yth ing to be taken to him?你有什么東西(要我)帶給他嗎？8、be+形容詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。此結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式與主語之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因而不定式須用及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞。因而此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞大多數(shù)表示說話人對(duì)不定式動(dòng)作的看法態(tài)度或感受等。如 difficult, easy, hard,

30、interesting, pleasant, fit,等或表示主語人或物所具有的特征，如：nice， light， strong， beautiful，heavy 等。形式上是主動(dòng)的，意思上卻是被動(dòng)的。例如：This text is very difficult to understand.這篇課文很難懂。The water is not fit to drink.這水不宜飲用。The man is very easy to get along with.那個(gè)人很容易相處。The room is comfortable to live in. 這房間住起來很舒服。9、 當(dāng)表示 需要含義的動(dòng)詞如

31、：need, require, want 等作謂語，其主語為物時(shí)，這類動(dòng)詞后面 的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意思。例如：The house n eeds clea nin g.(or: The house n eeds to be clea ned.這房間需要打掃。My hair requires cutt in g.(or: My hair requires to be cut.) 我需要理發(fā)。10、worth 用作形容詞時(shí)，作表語，后面一般接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意思。例如：This book is well worth reading.這本書很值得一讀。11、 be+形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)。這類

32、形容詞如：in visible， forgettable， comfortable 等具有動(dòng)詞含義的 特點(diǎn)。因而常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：Names and addresses are forgettable.(=Names and addresses are forgotten easily.)人名和地址易 忘。12、there be 句型中修飾主語的不定式，可用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：There is nothing to do .(=I have nothing to do.) 沒有事可做。There are questions to solve.(= We have quest

33、ions to solve.)有問題需要解決。13、 be +不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。這類結(jié)構(gòu)如 be to blame， to be let，be to seek 等，具有的特點(diǎn)是作表語的不定式與句子的主語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因而以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：The house is to let .此房子要出租。I felt I was to blame.我覺得我應(yīng)該受罰。A better way is (yet) to seek.還得找一種更好的辦法。14、某些固定詞組和句型，用主動(dòng)形式卻表示被動(dòng)意義。如 add up (to), take place; catch on ( a nail. etc

34、.),turn out (to be), blow open, consist of, come out sth., remains to do sth. be to blame. 等。 例如：His whole schooling added up to no more than a year.他受到的學(xué)校教育加起來不過一年。學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載Sorry, I ca nt go with you. Much work remai ns to do. 對(duì)不起，我不能和你一起去，我還有許多工作要做。五、 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法1)My aunt invited me to her dinner

35、party.主語 謂語賓語T丄 was in vited(by my aunt) to her dinner party.主語謂語賓語2)The school set up a special class to help poor readers.主語 謂語賓語TAspecial class to help poor readers was set up in the school.主語謂語 賓語1. 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的be +過去分詞，時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致。3.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by 的賓語，放在被動(dòng)語態(tài)里謂語動(dòng)詞之后，by 短語可以

36、省略。如果原句主語是地點(diǎn)名詞，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中用in +地點(diǎn)名詞作狀語。六. 語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)要注意的問題1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的 數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。We have bought a new computer. 我買了一臺(tái)新電腦。TA new computer has bee n bought.2. 含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，一 般變間接賓語為主語時(shí)比較多。My uncle gave me a prese nt on my birthday.我叔叔在我生日時(shí)給我一件禮物。TIwas given a

37、 present on my birthday.如果把直接賓語（指物）改為主語，則在間接賓語（指人）前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說：A prese nt was give n to me yesterday.注意：一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞to,女口： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass,pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。The cup with mixture was showed to the class. 裝有混合物的杯子傳給學(xué)生。My bike was lent to her.我

38、的自行車借給她了。六、被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：一般說來，過去分詞作表語的結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)在形式上相同，所以容易混淆除了主要從意義上加以區(qū)別外，這里提供幾種辨別方法。1 從帶不帶 by 短語來區(qū)分被動(dòng)語態(tài)表主語的動(dòng)作，絕大多數(shù)可以用by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者構(gòu)成 by 短語；而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語的特征或所處的狀態(tài)，不表示動(dòng)作。例如：The window was broken by his brother.窗子被他弟弟打破了。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）The win dow is now brother.窗子現(xiàn)在是破的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）注意：1）但并非有 by 短語都表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載The house

39、 is surrounded by（with）trees and flowers.房子周圍都是樹木花草。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）2）當(dāng)然，過去分詞后的 by 短語有時(shí)可以表原因、方式。應(yīng)與表示行為者區(qū)別開來。例如：The bank is usually closed at six 銀行通常 6 點(diǎn)鐘就關(guān)門了。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）The door was shut when I went by , but I dont know when it was shut.我們那里走過的時(shí)候門是 關(guān)著的，但我不只道是什么時(shí)候關(guān)的。（第一個(gè) was shut 是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，第二個(gè) was shut 是被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Our black

40、board is painted every year.我們的黑板每年漆一次。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Our blackboard is newly painted.我們的黑板新漆的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）3）在沒有狀語的情況下，就得根據(jù)上下文的意思來判斷。例如：The criminal was pushed into the cell and the door was closed.罪犯被推進(jìn)牢房，門立刻關(guān)上 了.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）The door was closed, we could nt get in.門是關(guān)著的，我們進(jìn)不去。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）2系表結(jié)構(gòu)一般只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)；而被動(dòng)語態(tài)除了用于這兩種時(shí)態(tài)外

41、，還 可以用于將來時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成時(shí)。例如：The shop is （was）ope ned.商店正在營業(yè)。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The work is being done.這工作正在做。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Yesterday when I got there, the ship was being loaded.昨天我至 U 達(dá)那里時(shí)，船正在裝貨。Their work had bee n fini shed by the end of last mon th.他們的工作上月底已經(jīng)完成。Youll be shown around you room.有人會(huì)帶你去看你的房門的。He said the librar

42、y would soon be built.他說圖書館很快就要修起來。3.系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞可被very 修飾，被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞須用much 修飾。例如：He was very agitated.他很激動(dòng)。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）He was much agitated by the news.他聽到消息后很激動(dòng)。（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載Yes, they_ in Han gzhou.A. pain tedB. were pain ti ngpain ted9.-Don t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:Sorry.A, has throwB,

43、 was throwthrow n10.The 29th Olympic Games _in Beijing in 2008A . will holdB will be heldC. were pain tedinto fhRubsisbiinmust throwD. hadmust beC. hold4.be+不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞通常是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如: 詞通常是表示狀態(tài)，智力活動(dòng)或心態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。be+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去分詞通常是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如：be loved, be encouraged, be praised 等?！菊Z法過關(guān)】1. Susa n, why are you still here?

44、They are all ready to start.-I m sorry, but I_when to meet.A. don t tellB. did n t tellC. have nt toldD. was n t told2.Many old houses around our school_ next year and a large green area will appear.-Once a year.7.The Thousand- hand Guanyin _ by many people as the best performanee at CCTVsSpring Festival Evening.A. has bee n regarded B. are regardedC. has r