高中英語連詞用法詳解Microsoft Word 文檔

1、 連詞用法詳解連詞是指在英語句子中連接單詞、短語或句子的一種虛詞，在句子中不單獨作任何成分，一般不重讀。I 連詞的分類1. 按照構(gòu)成分為：1）簡單連詞：and, or, but, so, because, once, while, if, immediately.一. 就. 2) 關(guān)聯(lián)連詞：both. and., not only. but also, not. but., either.or ., hardly.when.一.就. 3）分詞連詞：supposing (that) 如果，假使；provided/ providing (that) 如果；given 鑒于；seeing (that

2、)/ considering (that) 考慮到， 既然 4）短語連詞：as if/ though 仿佛；even if/ though 盡管；as long as 只要； on condition that 只要；as soon as/ the minute 一.就；by the time 到.時候為止；now that 既然；such. so.that. 如此.以至于2. 按照性質(zhì)分類：1）并列連詞：連接具有相互平等關(guān)系的詞，短語或句子。 and; both. and.; not only. but (also); but; while; yet; either. or.; for（因為

3、）; when（就在那時）; so 2）從屬連詞：通常引導(dǎo)一個從句，修飾主句。 once 一旦.就；why為什么；when當(dāng).時；while當(dāng) .時；before 在.以前；as soon as一.就；where 在 .地方注意：與漢語不同，英語中的從屬連詞和并列連詞不能出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中來表示同一邏輯 意義。常見的這類連詞有because與so，though/ although 與but，if與so/ and。 但though/ although可以與yet, still連用。 He is young, but he knows a lot.= Though/ Although he is

4、young, he knows a lot. 雖然年輕，但他懂的事情頗多。 Though I had explained it many times, yet he didn't understand it. 我已解釋過多次，但他仍不明白。II 并列連詞的分類及用法1. 并列連詞的分類：1）表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞 and, neither.nor. 2）表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞 but, yet, while 3）表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞 for 4）表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞 or, either.or. 2. 并列連詞的用法：表示并列關(guān)系 表示并列關(guān)系的連詞主要含有“和”“補充”“增加”的

5、意思，常見的 表達(dá)并列關(guān)系的連詞用法如下： 1）and的用法：and作并列連詞時有多重含義，主要表示并列、順承、 目的、條件、反復(fù)等關(guān)系。 連接詞類、結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同的部分 Mathews and Tyler are singing and dancing at the party. 馬修斯和泰勒正在晚會上唱歌、跳舞。（第一個and連接兩個名詞，第二個and連接兩個動詞） Most parents would very willingly like to give their children money, have them attend school, and do everything to

6、 make them happy. 大多數(shù)父母很愿意給孩子們錢，供他們上學(xué)，做所有的事情使他們快樂。（連接不定式） Miya says that she loves her job and that she will devote her life to it. 米婭說她非常喜歡她的工作并愿意為之奮斗終生。（連接兩個從句） 連接的兩個名詞指同一人或物時，第二個名詞前不用冠詞或所有格。 In China, a knife and fork is not so popular as chopsticks. 在中國，刀叉不像筷子那么流行。 口語中，and常用于try/ wait/ go come/

7、hurry up/ stop等之后表示目的，相當(dāng)于不定式符 號to。 Next time try and come (=try to come) early. 下次盡量早來。 Hurry up, and get dressed immediately. 快點穿上衣服。 2）neither. nor. 的用法： 意為“兩者都不”。 Neither you nor I believe such things. 你和我都不會相信這些事情。 Neither you nor he knows how to answer the question. 你和他都不知道如何回答這個問題。 注意：neither.

8、 nor. 連接的并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化形式符合就 近一致的原則。 Neither my parents nor I am interested in pop music. 我父母和我都對流行音樂不感興趣。 both. and. not. 表示部分否定；neither. nor. 表示全部否定。 Both you and I are not correct. 你和我不全正確。 Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不正確。 3）not only. but (also). 的用法：意為“不但.而且.”，重心在后面。 連接相同均勻結(jié)構(gòu)： Not only

9、you but (also) Cora is to blame for this accident. 這起事故不但怪你而且也怪科拉。 The habits of worrying not only does us no good, but (also) robs us of peace and comfort. 煩惱的習(xí)慣對我們不但沒有好處，而且奪去了我們的安寧和舒適。 also 有時可省略，或與but分開用，或用too, as well代替（位于句末）。 Sports not only keep man healthy, but they (also) give him team spiri

10、t. 運動不僅可以強身健體，而且還能培養(yǎng)人的團(tuán)隊精神。 We not only lost all our money, but we (also) came close to losing all our lives. 我們不僅損失了全部的金錢，而且差點把命搭上。 not only. but also.連接并列分句時，若not only放于句首，它引導(dǎo)的句子要使用部分 倒裝語序。 Not only is Miya a pretty girl, but she is (also) a bright girl.米婭不僅是一個漂亮的姑娘，而且是一個聰明的女孩。Not only do I respec

11、t my parents, but I also try to live up to their expectation.我不僅尊重父母，而且盡力不辜負(fù)他們的期望。注意：not only. but also.與as well as not only. but also.的重點在于后者，as well as 的重點在于前者，因此二者在轉(zhuǎn) 換時，應(yīng)注意調(diào)整順序。 Not only the teacher but also the students wish for a holiday. (= The students as well as the teacher wish for a holida

12、y.) 不僅老師而且學(xué)生也希望放假。4） both. and .的用法：“.和.都”，“既.又.”，后跟結(jié)構(gòu)相同的兩個部分， 這種結(jié)構(gòu)既可以是單個的詞，也可以是短語。 Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。 Both teaching and research work are making great strides. 教學(xué)與科研都在大踏步前進(jìn)。5） when 的用法：when用作連詞時意為“就在那時候”，常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中： be doing when; be about to do when; be on

13、the point of doing when; had done when. I was about to go out when it rained. 我正要出去那時天下起雨。 I had just locked the door when I remembered I had left the key in the room. 我剛剛鎖上門就忘記鑰匙忘房間里了。 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 常見的表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞有but, while, whereas, yet。 This car is very old but it runs very fast. 這輛車雖然很舊了，但跑得很快。 The winte

14、r in Beijing is very cold while/ whereas that of Kunming is warm. 北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天卻很暖和。 表示選擇關(guān)系 表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有：or或者，否則；or else否則，要不然；otherwise 否則；either. or. 或者.或者.；not. but. 不是.而是.；rather than 而不是。 Take the chance, or/ or else/ otherwise you will regret it. 抓住這次機會，否則你會后悔的。 Either Tom or Bob has to cook

15、 the dinner. 不是湯姆就是鮑勃得去做飯。 注意：either. or. ,not. but., or 連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變 化形式符合就近原則。 Not you but Li Ming has passed the driving test. 不是你而是李明已通過駕駛測試。 表示因果（推理）關(guān)系 常見的表示因果（推理）關(guān)系的并列連詞有：so因此，所以；for因為。 He lost his job, so he is unhappy these days. 他丟了工作，因而這些天心情不太好。 It must have rained last night, for the

16、 road is wet. 昨晚一定是下雨了，因為路上是濕的。III 從屬連詞的分類及用法 從屬連詞通常引導(dǎo)一個從句，修飾主句。 1. 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句：that, if, whether等。 That Jane let out the news annoyed all of us. 簡泄露消息的事使我們都很生氣。（that引導(dǎo)主語從句） Whether you agree or not doesn't matter. 你同意與否都沒關(guān)系。（whether引導(dǎo)主語從句） I didn't know that you would come. 我不知道你要來。（that引導(dǎo)賓語從句）

17、 I am wondering if you could help me. 我不知道你能否幫我一下。（if引導(dǎo)賓語從句） 2. 引導(dǎo)狀語從句：英語中的狀語從句共有九類，這些狀語從句各有其引導(dǎo)詞，有的引導(dǎo) 詞又可以引導(dǎo)不同類型的狀語從句。 1）引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句 when, while, as, after, before, until/ till, since, as soon as, once等。 Don't get excited when you talk. 說話時不要激動。 While I was typing, my sister was washing. 我在打字，我妹妹在洗

18、衣服。 They laughed as they walked down the river. 他們沿著河邊走邊笑。 After you finish this form, come to my office. 填完這張表格后，來我的辦公室。 It will be a long time before we meet again. 很久我們才能再見面。 2）引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句 where, wherever等。 Please stay where you are. 請呆在你現(xiàn)在呆的地方。 You must sit wherever we ask you to. 我們讓你坐哪里你就得坐哪里。 3）

19、引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句 if, unless, once, supposing, provided, providing等。 If you have any question, please feel free to ask. 如果有問題，請隨便問。 You won't succeed unless you try hard. 不努力不會取得成功。 4）引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句 in order that, so that等。 I locked the door so that/ in order that I could settle down to my work. 我鎖上了門以便靜下心來工作。

20、 5）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 so, so.that., such. that., so that等。 He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper. 他如此粗心以至忘了在試卷上寫名字。 She is such a good teacher that all her students love her. 她是一個好老師，她的學(xué)生都愛她。 The teacher explained very clearly so that we all understood. 老師解釋得如此清楚，因此我們都聽懂了。 6）引導(dǎo)原因狀語從

21、句 because, since, as, now that, in that等。 Because it was late, we took a taxi. 因為太晚了，我們坐了一輛出租車。 As you've realized your mistake, I forgive you. 既然你意識到了錯誤，我就原諒你。 Since we are tired, we may as well take a rest. 既然我們累了，我們最好休息一會。 7）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 although, though, even if, even though, while, as等。 He went to school though/ although he was badly ill. 盡管他病得很重，但他還是去上學(xué)了。 She loves him even though he has many bad habits. 盡管他壞習(xí)慣不少，但她依然愛他。 Whil