最新賓語補足語高中英語講解及習題

1、精品文檔賓語補足語賓語補足語是用于補充說明賓語的成分。賓語補足語常常放在賓語之后，和賓語一起構成復合賓語。一、 常見的能接賓語補足語的詞語1. 使役動詞（ 1） 使役動詞makemake用作使役動詞表示“使”時，可跟復合結構，即“make + 賓語+賓語補足語” ，其中的賓語補足語可以是形容詞、名詞、不帶to 的不定式、過去分詞。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我們無法出去。He couldn t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.在交通嘈雜聲中他無法

2、使自己讓別人聽到。What makes the grass grow? 什么使得草生長？動詞不定式作make的賓語補足語時要用省略to的形式，但如果用在被動語態(tài)中， to 一定不能省略。She was made to work twelve hours a day. 她被迫每天工作十二個小時。（ 2） 使役動詞havehave表示“使得”，其后接賓語補足語，常用于以下結構： have sb. do sth. 使 / 讓某人做某事 have sb. Doing sth. 使 /讓某人一直做某事 have sth. Done 使 /讓某事被做；遭遇某種不幸The teacher had the l

3、ittle boy write on the blackboard.老師讓這個小男孩在黑板上寫。don t have the lights burning all the night.不要讓燈整夜亮著。He had the bike repaired yesterday. 昨天他讓人修了自行車。He had his leg broken in the match. 在比賽中他摔斷了腿。（ 3） 使役動詞leaveleave用作使役動詞，表示“使/讓保持某種狀態(tài)”，可以用形容詞、名詞、介詞短語、分詞作賓語補足語。 He left the door open when he went out. 他

4、出去時，沒有關門。 They walked off and left me sitting there alone.他們走開了，讓我一個人坐在那兒。（ 4） 使役動詞keepkeep用作使役動詞，表示“使/讓保持某種狀態(tài)”，可以用形容詞、現在分詞作賓語補足語。 Close the door to keep the room warm. 關上門讓房間保持暖和。 You ve kept me waiting an hour. 你已經讓我等了一個小時?。?5） 使役動詞getget 用作使役動詞，表示“促使某事發(fā)生”或“使得某人做某事”，其后可跟形容詞、過去分詞、現在分詞、動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

5、She is getting the kids ready for school.她正在讓孩子們準備好去上學。 We get the milk delivered. 我們讓人把牛奶送過去。 Why don t you get Mike to work as the manager? 你為什么不讓邁克做經理呢？ get 后出現不定式短語作賓語補足語時，不定式符號to 不能省略。2、感官動詞感官動詞hear、 feel 、 listen to 、 look at、 watch、 notice 、 observe 、 smell 、see 等后要求用省略to 的動詞不定式、現在分詞及過去分詞作賓語補

6、足語。用省略 to 的動詞不定式，強調動作從開始到結束的全過程；用現在分詞，強調一個主動的動作正在進行；用過去分詞，強調動作是被動或完成的動作。 Tom saw his parents get into the car and drive off.湯姆看見他的父母上了車走了。 He was seen to drive the car at high speed on the highway yesterday.昨天有人看見他在公路上高速開車。 I saw her crying when I came into the classroom.我進教室時看見她在哭。3、 心理狀態(tài)和情感類的動詞表示心

7、理狀態(tài)的動詞，如think 、 believe 、 find 、 imagine 、 suppose 等，以及表示情感的動詞，如love 、 like 、 prefer 、 hate、 want、 wish 等后面均可以跟賓語補足語。 I find it hard to get on well with him.我發(fā)現和他相處很難。 We all think it important for us to learn a foreign language.我們都認為學習一門外語對我們來說是重要的。4、 其他動詞英語中出了上面所列的動詞，另外還有allow 、 prove、 advise 、 pe

8、rmit 等動詞后可以跟賓語補足語。I think I d advise him to leave the company. 我想我會建議他離開公司。5、 介詞 with介詞 with 后可跟賓補構成with 復合結構。With 復合結構在句中可以用作定語或狀語，可以在其中充當賓語補足語的有：形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現在分詞、過去分詞、動詞不定式、名詞等。 They left the room with lights still on.他們離開了房間，燈還亮著。 He stepped in, with his hands in his pocket.他雙手放在口袋里走了進來。 The old

9、manwalked across the street with the policeman supporting him.老人在警察的攙扶下過了街。（ -ing 形式表示主動/正在進行） With the matter settled, we went home. （ -ed 形式表示被動/完成）二、能充當賓語補足語的成分1、 名詞He nominated Hank ambassador to France. 他任命漢克為駐法大使。She counted herself a fortunate wife. 她認為自己是位幸運的妻子。 表示獨一無二的職位或頭銜的名詞作賓語補足語、表語、同位語時

10、，該名詞前不加冠詞。2、 形容詞Have I made myself clear? 我的意思講清楚了么？3、 動詞不定式Permit me to introduce myself. 允許我介紹一下自己。Nobody noticed him enter the room. 沒有人注意到他進了房間。4、 現在分詞I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感覺到風吹著我的臉。 不定式短語與現在分詞短語作賓語補足語時的區(qū)別：a 不定式短語作賓語補足語時，表示動作已經發(fā)生，指事情的全過程已經結束b 現在分詞短語作賓語補足語時則表示動作正在進行試比較：Did y

11、ou see anyone come out of the room? 你看見有人從房間里出來了么？I saw someone coming out of the room. 我看見有人正從房間里走出來。5 、 過去分詞You should make your views known. 你應當讓別人了解你的想法。I ll have to get that tooth filled.我得把那顆牙補一補。6、 副詞Let the fresh air in. 讓新鮮空氣進來。We re having some friends in tonight. 今晚我們要請些朋友來家里。7、 介詞短語I kno

12、w you ll be able to help me out of the difficulty.我知道你將能幫助我克服困難。8、 從句We will soon make our city what your city is now.我們不久就要將使我們的城市變成你們城市目前的樣子。精品文檔精品文檔賓語補足語練習題1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000)A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry

13、 out2. -There ' s a hole in your bag：- I know, I ' m going to have it.A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister, today he was made by hislittle sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him across

14、 the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to goD. risk going5. I found the door when I got home.A. openedB. closeC. unlockingD. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.A. not toB. not to doC. not do D. do not to7. I couldn ' t do my ho

15、mework with all that noise.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled9. I advised at once.A. him to starting B. him to start C. to startingD. to start10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still.A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor your