第六講：形容詞和副詞

1、第六講形容詞&副詞1. 形容詞的位置形容詞的位置(1) 形容詞前置：形容詞一般位于被修飾的名詞前。形容詞前置：形容詞一般位于被修飾的名詞前。(2) 形容詞后置形容詞后置形容詞的用法形容詞的用法 修飾帶有修飾帶有-body, -one, -thing的復(fù)合代詞。的復(fù)合代詞。eg. Theres something wrong in your homework. She did everything possible to make him happy. 用用or或或and連接的兩個(gè)形容詞。連接的兩個(gè)形容詞。eg. I had never seen a face so happy and

2、sweet. Every nation, big or small, has its strong points. 同表示數(shù)量的詞組連用時(shí)。同表示數(shù)量的詞組連用時(shí)。eg. The street is 200 meters long. This river is 4 meters wide. 含有修飾詞、補(bǔ)足語或賓語的形容詞詞組時(shí)。含有修飾詞、補(bǔ)足語或賓語的形容詞詞組時(shí)。eg. It is a problem difficult to solve. He is a man suitable for the job.2. 形容詞的順序形容詞的順序多個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，它們的排列順序：多個(gè)形

3、容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，它們的排列順序： “縣官行令宴國(guó)才縣官行令宴國(guó)才”縣，即縣，即“限限”，指限定詞，指限定詞，如：，如：the; a/an; this; that; your; my; his官，即官，即“觀觀”，指評(píng)價(jià)性形容詞，指評(píng)價(jià)性形容詞，如：如：lovely; interesting; beautiful; 行，即行，即“形形”，指形狀大小，指形狀大小，如：如：big; small; little; round; square令，即令，即“齡齡”，指年齡新舊，指年齡新舊，如：如：new; old; ancient; 宴，即宴，即“顏顏”，指顏色，指顏色，如：如：red; gree

4、n; orange; brown國(guó)，指國(guó)家或出處，國(guó)，指國(guó)家或出處，如：如：Chinese; Japanese; home-made材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。如：如：earth; brick; glass; stone; 形容詞的用法形容詞的用法1. Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table2. wonderful, my, garden, new, large3. 她丟了一只小的黑色皮包。She lost a small black leather handbag. a beautiful Chinese glass table

5、. my wonderful large new garden. 即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練請(qǐng)將下列名詞短語按準(zhǔn)確順序排列。3. “系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+ +形容詞形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：bebe感官系動(dòng)詞：感官系動(dòng)詞：feel, smell, sound, taste, lookfeel, smell, sound, taste, look表象系動(dòng)詞：表象系動(dòng)詞：seem, appearseem, appear持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞：持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞：remain, stay, keepremain, stay, keep變化系動(dòng)詞：變化系動(dòng)詞：become, grow, turn, get, gobecome

6、, grow, turn, get, go形容詞的用法形容詞的用法思考思考1. He ran (quick / quickly) in this relay race. 2. You should speak a little (slow / slowly).3. Mary writes very (good / well).4. This dress feels (good / well).5. This music sounds (sad / sadly).比較比較：encouraging 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的 encouraged 受鼓勵(lì)的受鼓勵(lì)的disappointing 令人失望的令

7、人失望的 disappointed 失望的失望的exciting 使人激動(dòng)的使人激動(dòng)的 excited 激動(dòng)的激動(dòng)的satisfying 令人滿意的令人滿意的 satisfied 感到滿意的感到滿意的Worrying 令人煩惱的令人煩惱的 worried 煩惱的煩惱的 tiring 引起疲勞的引起疲勞的 tired 疲勞的疲勞的注意：現(xiàn)在分詞表注意：現(xiàn)在分詞表“令人令人”，主語多數(shù)情況是物，主語多數(shù)情況是物 過去分詞表過去分詞表“感到感到”，主語多數(shù)情況是人，主語多數(shù)情況是人 形容詞的用法形容詞的用法pleased / pleasing1. Her mother was that she ch

8、ose a college close to home.2. The music was very to the erested / interesting3. Id be very to hear your opinion.4. Thats an question.即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練pleasedpleasinginterestedinteresting 修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)，多放在它們前面修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)，多放在它們前面 (除除enough, nearby外外) 。副詞的用法副詞的用法1.副詞的位置副詞的位置eg. He runs surprisingly fast. You

9、should watch a little carefully. The boy is old enough to go to school. 修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，多放在動(dòng)詞后面（除頻度副詞外）。修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，多放在動(dòng)詞后面（除頻度副詞外）。eg. It rains heavily today. He walked slowly towards to door. He often went there. You should always do like this.2. 副詞的種類副詞的種類時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。等。頻率副詞頻率副詞

10、often, always, usually, seldom等。等。地點(diǎn)、方向副詞地點(diǎn)、方向副詞away, abroad, home, here, there等。等。方式副詞方式副詞clearly, carefully, alone, high, quickly等。等。程度副詞程度副詞almost, a little, much, very, rather, quite等。等。疑問連接副詞疑問連接副詞when, where, why, how等。等。否定副詞否定副詞not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。等。其他副詞其他副詞even, also, only,

11、 too, perhaps等。等。副詞的用法副詞的用法 late(late(晚晚) vs. lately() vs. lately(最近最近) ) deep(deep(深，表空間深度深，表空間深度) vs. deeply() vs. deeply(深深地，表情感深度深深地，表情感深度) ) high(high(高，表空間高度高，表空間高度) vs. highly() vs. highly(高度地，表程度高度地，表程度) ) close(close(近，表空間距離近，表空間距離) vs. closely () vs. closely (仔細(xì)地仔細(xì)地) ) wide(wide(寬，表空間寬度寬，表

12、空間寬度) vs. widely() vs. widely(廣泛地，表范圍廣泛地，表范圍) ) free(free(免費(fèi)免費(fèi)) vs. freely() vs. freely(無限制地?zé)o限制地) ) bad(bad(壞壞) vs. badly() vs. badly(特別地特別地) ) 副詞的用法副詞的用法3. 兩種形式副詞的區(qū)別兩種形式副詞的區(qū)別high, highly1. She speaks of the boys behavior.2. The plane was flying .late, lately3. You have come too .4. What have you be

13、en doing .即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練注意：有些以注意：有些以“l(fā)y”結(jié)尾的單詞，卻是形容詞：結(jié)尾的單詞，卻是形容詞：lively、 lonely、lovely、friendly、ugly、silly等。等。highly highlatelately形容詞形容詞/ /副詞的比較等副詞的比較等級(jí)級(jí)1. 詞形變化詞形變化 規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化 strong youngfine bravehot fathappy earlybeautiful quicklystronger /strongestyounger /youngest1. 單音節(jié)詞尾單音節(jié)詞尾, ,加加-er/-estfiner /finest

14、braver /bravest2.e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞, ,加加-r/-sthotter /hottestfatter /fattest3.重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫末字母，重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫末字母，再加再加-er/-esthappier /happiestearlier /earliest4.輔音輔音+y結(jié)尾，結(jié)尾，y變變i再加再加-er/-estmore beautiful / most beautiful more quickly/ most quickly 5.多音節(jié)詞大多在前面加多音節(jié)詞大多在前面加more / most最高級(jí)最高級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)原級(jí)原級(jí)good / wellba

15、d / badlyillmany / muchlittlefaroldbetter bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest形容詞形容詞/ /副詞的比較等副詞的比較等級(jí)級(jí)1. 詞形變化詞形變化 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 a.“as+ adj. / adv. + as ” eg. I am almost as old as you.b. “not as/so + adj. / adv. +as ” eg. He is not as tall as I.形容詞形容

16、詞/ /副詞的比較等副詞的比較等級(jí)級(jí)2. 常見重點(diǎn)句型常見重點(diǎn)句型 - - (1) 原級(jí)句型原級(jí)句型 a.“adj.-er / adv.-er + than ”（注：比較級(jí)前可用（注：比較級(jí)前可用a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal ,much ,far等修飾，但不可等修飾，但不可用用more或或many, few 修飾）修飾） eg. Marys dress is more beautiful than mine.b. “adj.-er / adv.-er + and + adj.-er/ adv.-er ” (越越越越) eg. more and mor

17、e better and better more and more popularc. “the +adj.-er / adv.-er , +the + adj.-er/ adv.-er ” （越來越（越來越） eg. The higher you stand, the farther youll see.2. 常見重點(diǎn)句型常見重點(diǎn)句型 - - (2) 比較級(jí)句型比較級(jí)句型 a.“the +(序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞)+ adj.-est + of/in ” eg. The Nile is the longest river in the world. Changjiang River is the third longest river in the world.b. “ adv.-est + of/in ” (注：副詞最高級(jí)做狀語前面不加注：副詞最高級(jí)做狀語前面不加the) eg. He runs most fast of all the classmates.c. “one of the + adj.-est + ns of