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1、山東省濟(jì)寧市學(xué)而優(yōu)教育咨詢有限公司2013年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)語法大全1名詞的種類專有名詞普通名詞國名地名人名 團(tuán)體機構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞2名詞的數(shù)2.1規(guī)定名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式:一般在在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es規(guī)則例詞1一般情況在詞尾加-sMap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esClass-classesbox-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes3以-f 或-fe結(jié)尾的詞變-f和-fe 為v再加-esLeaf-leaves,thief-thievesk

2、ni fe-k niveswife-wives half-halves加-sChief-chiefs proof-proofs roof-roofs4以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加-esParty-partiesfamily-familiesstory-storiescity-cities5以兀音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,或?qū)S忻~以 y結(jié)尾的,加-sToy-toysboy-boysday-daysray-raysHen ry-He nrys6以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞一般加-esNegro-Negroes hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes

3、不少外來詞加-sPiano-pia nosphoto-photosauto-autoskilo-kilos solo-solos兩者皆可Zero-zeroes/zerosvolca no-volca no es/volca nos7以兀音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sRadio-radios bamboo-bamboos zoo-zoos8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-sTruth-truthsmouth-mouthsmon th-m on thspath-paths2.2不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,先歸納如下:1 改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式:man-men woma n-wome n foo

4、t-feet goose-geesemouse-mice2 單復(fù)數(shù)相同 ;sheep deer means works fish yuan jin3 只有復(fù)數(shù)形式: trousers clothes tha nks goods glasses4 一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù):people police5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)(整體)也可以作復(fù)數(shù)(成員):class family crowd couplegroup gover nment populati on team public party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義:customs (海關(guān))times (時代)spirits(情緒)drinks

5、 (飲料)san ds(沙灘)papers(文件報紙)looks(外表)brai ns(頭腦智力)gree ns(青菜)7表示某國人7.1 直接力口 -s : America ns Australia ns Germa ns Greeks Swedes Europea ns7.2 單復(fù)數(shù)同行:Swiss Portuguese Chinese Japanese7.3 以-man 或-woman結(jié)尾的改為 -men 或-women: Englishmen Frenchwomen8合成名詞8.1 將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù): son s-i n-law lookers-on passers-by story

6、-tellers boy friends8.2無主體名詞的將最后一部分改為復(fù)數(shù):grown-ups housewives stopwatches8.3 將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù):women singers , men servants三名詞的所有格名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語法形式叫做名詞所有格,分為兩種情況:一是名詞詞尾加s構(gòu)成,二是有介詞 of加名詞構(gòu)成。前者多表示有生命的東西,后者多表示無生命的東西。3.1 ' s所有格的構(gòu)成單數(shù)名詞在末尾加sThe boy ' s father jack' s book her son-in-law' sphoto復(fù)數(shù)名詞一般在末

7、尾加sThe teachers ' room the twins ' room不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞后 加sThe children ' s toys women ' s rights表示各自的所有關(guān)系時,各名詞末 尾均需加sJapan' s and American ' s problem Jane and Mary' s bikes以s結(jié)尾的人名所有格加s或者,Dicken ' s novels Charles' s job the Smiths' house表示共有的所有關(guān)系時在最后一詞 末加sJapan and A

8、merican ' s problem Jane and Mary' s problem表示某人家,店鋪所有格后名詞省The doctor ' s the barber ' s the tailor ' s my uncle ' s3.2 s所有格的用法1表示時間Today' s newspaper five week s' holiday2表示自然現(xiàn)象The earth ' s atmosphere the tree' s branches3表示國家城市等地方的名詞The country ' s plan

9、 the world' s plan China' s plan4表示工作群體The ship ' s crew majority' s view the team ' s victory5表示度量衡及價值A(chǔ) mile ' s journey five dollars ' worth o f apples6與人類活動有特殊關(guān)系的名詞The life ' s time the play' s plot7某些固定詞組A bird ' s eye view a stone ' s throw at one'

10、; s wit ' s end(不 知所措)3.3of所有格的用法3.3.1 用于無生命的東西: the legs of the chair , the cover of the book3.3.2 用于有生命的東西,尤其是比較長的定語時:the classrooms of the first-yearstude nts3.3.3 用于名詞化的詞:the struggle of the oppressed二冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞(a, an),定冠詞(the)2.1不定冠詞的用法1指一類人或者一類事相當(dāng) 于 a kind ofA pla ne is a mach ine that can

11、 fly.2第一次提及某人某物,非特 指A boy is wait ing for you,3表示每一,相當(dāng)于 every,oneWe study eight hours a day4表示相冋。相當(dāng)于the sameWe are n early of an age5用于人名前,表示不認(rèn)識此 人或某名人有類似性質(zhì)的 人或事A Mr. Smith cameto visit you when you were out.The boy is rather a Lei Feng6用于 quite rather many half what such之后This room is rather a big

12、one.7用于固定詞組中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time in a hurry have a walk many a time8用于 so ( as too how ) + 形容詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.2.2定冠詞的用法1表示某一類人或物The house is a useful ani mal.2用于世界上獨一無二的事物名詞前The uni verse, the moon, the PacificOcea n3表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的或者事Wind you mind

13、 ope ning the door?4用于樂器前面Play the violi n play the guitar5用于形容詞和分詞前表示一 類人The rich the liv ing the woun ded6表示豕人或者夫婦The Gree ns the Wangs7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比He is the taller of the two childre n.較級最高級前8用于國家黨派等以及江河湖 海,山川群島的名詞前The Un ited States the Communist party ofChina the French9用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞刖The compass

14、 was inven ted in China.10在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前,世紀(jì) 的某個年代In the 1990' s11用于表示單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour12用于方位名詞,身體部位名詞 及表示時間的詞組前He patted me on the shoulder.2.3 零冠詞的用法1專有名詞,物質(zhì)名詞,抽象名詞,人名地 名等名詞前Beijing Uni versity, Jack, Chin a, love air2名詞刖有 this my whose some no each every等限制I want this book, not tha

15、t one. Whose purse is this?3季節(jié) 月份 星期 節(jié)假日一日三餐前Match Sun day Nati onal day, spri ng4表示職位身份頭銜的名詞前Li ncoln was made Preside nt of America.5學(xué)科語言球類棋類名詞刖He likes playi ng footballchess6與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前By train by air by land7以and連接的連個相對的名詞并用時Day and ni ght knife and fork husba nd and wife8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses a

16、re useful an imals三代詞3.1代詞可以分為七大類1人稱 代詞主格I you he she it we you they賓格Me you him her it us you them2物主 代詞形容詞性My you his her its our their名詞性Mine yours his hers its ours theirs3反身代詞Myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves4指示代詞This that these those such some5疑問代詞Who whom

17、whose which what whoever whichever whatever6關(guān)系代詞That which who whom whose as7不定代詞One some any, each every ,none no, many much, few little a few a little,Other ano ther, all both, n either, either3.2不定代詞用法注意點3.2.1 one , some 與 any :1) one可以指任何人,也可特指,復(fù)數(shù)為ones。Some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑問句和 否定句。One should learn

18、to think of others 。 Have you any books? no,I don' t have any books.I have some questio ns to ask.2) some可用于疑問句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù),或者表示建議,請求等。Would you like some bananas ? Could you give me some money ?3) some和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時。Some表示某個,any表示任何一個I have read this article in some magazine。 Please correct the

19、 mistakes , if any 。4) some與數(shù)詞連用表示大約,any可與比較級連用表示程度。There are some 3000 stude nts in this school。 Do you feel any better today?3.2.2 each 和 every :Each強調(diào)個別,代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或者兩個以上,而every強調(diào)的是整體,所指的數(shù)必須是三個或者三個以上。Each student has a dictionary 。Each of us has a dictionary。We each have a dictionary。Every stude nt

20、 has strong and weak points。3.2.3none 和 no:No等于not any,作定語。None做主語或賓語,代替不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù),代替可數(shù) 名詞,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)皆可以。There is no water in the bottle。 How much water is therein the bottle ? None None of the students are( is) afraid of difficulties。3.2.4other 和 an other1) other泛指 另外的,別的 常與其他連詞連用,如:the other day,every

21、 other week, some other reason ,no other wayThe other 特指兩者中的另外一個,復(fù)數(shù)為 the others。女口 he hold a book in one hand and his notes in the other 。 Two students in class failed,but all the others passedthe exam 。2) an other指 另一個 又一個 無所指,復(fù)數(shù)形式是others泛指別的人或事I don ' t like this shirt,please show me another(

22、one)The trousers are too long, please show me ano ther pair.Some like football, while others like basketball.3.2.5 all 和 both。neither 和 eitherall表示不可數(shù)名詞時,其謂語動詞用單數(shù),both和all加否定詞表示部分否定,全部否定用 neither 禾口 none。All of the books are not writte n in En glish。 = Not all of the books are writte n inEn glishBot

23、h of us are not teachers。Not both of us are teachers。Either of us is a teacher 四形容詞和副詞1形容詞形容詞的位置1)形容詞做定語通常前置,但在下列情況而后置4.1.1 修飾some, any , every, no和body, thing , one等構(gòu)成的符合不定代詞時,如:no body abse nt , everyth ing possible ,4.1.2以-able ,-ible 結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后,女如: the bestbook available , the onl

24、y solution possible4.1.3alive , alike , awake,asleep,等可以后置,如:the only person awake4.1.4和空間,時間,單位連用時,如: a bridge 50 meters long4.1.5 成對的形容詞可以置后,如:a huge room simple and beautiful4.1.6 形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on with2)多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序代詞數(shù)詞性狀形容詞冠詞 前的 形容 詞冠詞 指示代 詞不定 代詞代詞所有格序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞性質(zhì)狀態(tài)大小長短形狀新舊 溫度顏色國

25、籍 產(chǎn)地材料 質(zhì)地名 詞AllBothSuchTheAThisAno ther yourSecond ano therOne fourBeautifulGood poorLargeShort squarenewcoolBlack yellowChin eseLondonSilk stone3)復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成:1形容詞+名詞+edKin d-hearted6名詞+ 形容詞World-famous2形容詞+形容 詞Dark-blue7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Peace-lov ing3形容詞+現(xiàn)在 分詞Ordi nary-looki ng8名詞+過去分詞Sno w-covered4副詞+現(xiàn)在分 詞Hard

26、-worki ng9數(shù)詞+名詞+edThree-egged5副詞+過去分 詞Newly-built10數(shù)詞+名詞Twen ty-year2副詞副詞的分類1時間副詞Soon early now fin ally once rece ntly5頻度副詞Always ofte n freque ntlySeldom n ever2地點副詞Here n earby outside upwards Above6疑問副詞How whe n where why3方式副詞Hard well excitedly Reallyfastslowly7連接副詞How whe n where why whetherHo

27、wever mea nwhile4程度副詞Almost n early quiteRatherveryfairly8關(guān)系副詞Whe n where why三形容詞和副詞比較等級形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級,比較級和最高級。比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est ,多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)前加more和most。3.1形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1)規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最咼級單音 節(jié)詞 和部 分雙 音節(jié) 詞一般在詞尾加er或estHighTallShortSlowHigherTallerShorterSlowerHighestTallestShortestSlowe

28、st以字母e結(jié)尾的詞加-r或-stFi neLateFinerLaterFin est Latest重讀閉音節(jié)詞尾只有一 個輔音字母時,先雙寫 輔音字母,再加-er或-estBigThi nFatBiggerThinnerFatterBiggestThinn estFattest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的 雙音節(jié)詞,先把y改為 i再加-er或-estEasyFunnyEarlyEasierFunnierEarlierEasiestFunni estEarliest多曰 節(jié)詞 和部 分雙 音節(jié) 詞在詞前力口 more或 mostBeautiful In teresti ng Outgoi ng Com

29、fortableMore BeautifulMore In terest ingMore Outgoi ngMore ComfortableMost BeautifulMost in terest ingMost Outgoi ngMost Comfortable2)不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最咼級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest3.2形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的用法級用法例句比較級表示兩者(人或事物)的比 較。在比較級+th

30、an的句型 中,當(dāng)than前后所使用的 動詞相同時。通常用助動詞 代替后面的動詞。該動詞或 者助動詞可以省略。Tina is more athletic than Sam. Who runs faster, Lucy or Han Mei? He works much harder tha n 1 (do). =He works much harder tha n me.最高級表示二者或者二者以上(人或事物)的比較,其中有一 個在某一方面超過其他幾 個。形容詞最高級前面一般 要加定冠詞the,后面可帶 of (in )短語來說明比較的 范圍。My person is the funniest

31、person 1 know.The Scree n City is the best theater inour tow n.Who is the funni est actor of the three.3.3注意點1 同級比較時常用 asas 以及 not so (as).as 女口 :I amnot so good a player as youare。Tom runs as fast as Jack 。2 可以修飾比較級的詞有:much , many, a lot , even, far , a bit , a little , still ,yet , by far , any, a

32、 great deal3表示一方隨另一方變化時用the more.the more.句型女口: The harder you work , the more progress you will make 。4用比較級來表達(dá)最高級的意思,如:I have never spent a more worrying day。5表示倍數(shù)的比較級有如下幾種句型:Our school is three times larger than yoursOur school is four times as large as yours。 = Our school is four times the size o

33、fyours。6表示最高程度的形容詞沒有最高級和比較級。如:favorite excelle nt extreme perfect五介詞(Prepositions )介詞一般用于名詞和代詞前,表示該詞與句中其它成分的關(guān)系。介詞后面的名詞或代詞(若是人稱代詞,則要用賓格)稱為介詞賓語。介詞和介詞賓語結(jié)合在一起構(gòu)成介詞短語。1介詞的分類1簡單介詞about across after against amongaround at below beyond during in on2合成介詞In side into onto out of outside throughout upon with in

34、 without3短語介詞Accord ing to, because of, i nstead of, up to, due to, owing to, tha nks to4雙重介詞From among, from b ehind, from under, till after, in between5分詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞Considering(就而論)including6形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞Like un like n ear next opposite1.1時間介詞atOnIn鐘點 at six o' clock某一天的時間段一天中某段時間 in the afternoon用餐 at

35、 lunch timeonSaturdayIn (duri ng) the day節(jié)日 at Christmasmorni ng/afterno on/evening月份 in April年齡 at the age of 20周幾 on Monday季節(jié) in spring時間 at this time日期 on May 4th年份in 1949時刻 at sun rise節(jié)日 on New Year ' s Day世紀(jì) in the 19 th century一天中的某段時刻aton weeke nds on vacati on時期 in the holidaysnoon at ni

36、 ght,atdaw n.其它表示時間的介詞還有before , after 等,如口: before breakfast/ class/ school/ afterbreakfast/class/ school1.2地點介詞表示地點的介詞很多,如口 at , in , on, near , next to , in front of, above , under, behind ,beside , between 等等。此夕卜, in the front of , in the middle of , at/in the cornerof, at the back of等,也是表示地點的介詞

37、短語。但其中最常用也是最靈活的是at in on這三個介詞。比如在河里可以說in the river , on the river ;同樣,在學(xué)校里也可以說in school 或者 at school 。at表示一個點(或小地方)at your school , at home, at the pool ,at Huaxing Clothes Store , at new park , at the houseon表示在一個表面on Center Street/Fifth Avenue, on the table/chair/dresser, on the wall, on the beach

38、, on the floorin表示一個范圍(或大地方)in Paris/Beiji ng/Ch ina,in the water, in the park/supermarket, in the schoolplaygro und, in Class Five, in the school magaz in e/the photo, in the corner要注意的是,學(xué)習(xí)表示地點的介詞at o n in的正確用法,關(guān)鍵是要把握從什么角度看空間中的位置,試比較下列三個句子:They stood at the door and waited。他們站在門口等著(站在門口那個點上)He is p

39、utti ng up a picture on the door.他正把一幅畫貼到門上(貼在門那個上面)There is a hole in the door.門上有個洞(從立體的角度看門上的洞)其他地點介詞Above 在.上方 There is a map above the blackboard。Under 在.的下方 The watch is under the bed 。Before 在前面 David was sta nding before the mirror。In the front of物內(nèi)部的前面)In front of在. 前面 There are some chairs

40、 in the front of the room。(某在.前面 The school is in front of the post office。(在某物外部In the middle of在.中間 My home is in the middle of the city。Behind 在.的后面 The hotel is behind the library。Near 靠近; 在附近 There is a big supermarket near your house。Next to在旁邊 附近 The school is next to the post office。Beside 在

41、旁邊 There is a dog beside Lily 。Inside 在 . 的里面 I never went inside the building。Outside 在外面 We can eat outside the classroom 。Between 在 . 之間 The library is between the restaurant and the supermarket。Across from 在 .對面 Our house is across from the supermarket。Through 穿過,通過 Take a walk through the parkD

42、own 沿著 Go down along the streetAt the back of 在. 的后面 At the back of the school is a playground。In the corner of 在的角落 The cat is lying in the corner of the living room。1.3 其他介詞About 關(guān)于;對于 Could you tell me about your life?From從.;自從 He has a pen pal from China.With 與 . 一起;附有 Next to the hotel is a sma

43、ll house with an interesting garden. She often goes to the park with her father.Of .的;屬于.的 Here is a photo of my family。Date of birthTo 向;到;對 Let me tell you the way to my house。My English class is from8:00to9:00.As 擔(dān)任; 象:當(dāng) .時 we have a job for you as a writer。As a boy, he often went skating in wint

44、er.Like 像 What does he look like? What is the weather look like?At 在;對著;以 Call Ann at495-3539 We have sweaters at a very good price。For 對于;為了;給 .For breakfast , he likes eggs , bananas, and apples 。 以.為代價 For boys , you can buy socks for only ¥5each。( 表示時間持續(xù) ) . 之久 After class , I play volleyba

45、ll for two hours。1.4 固定搭配1)介詞和名詞的連用At at first 起初at last最后at school在上課;在上學(xué) at home在家,無拘束 at the moment此亥U at present現(xiàn)在 at work 在上班 在工作 at the same time 同時On on duty 值日 on holiday 度假 on time 準(zhǔn)時 on the left/right 在左右邊 on the radio 在廣播中 on foot 步行 on sale 出售; 降價出售 on TV 在電視上播放 on the way 在路上 on the pho

46、ne 在電話中In in all 總體 in class 在課堂上 in English 用英語 in short 總之 in a hurry 匆 忙的 in the end 最后 in bed 躺床上 in danger 在危險中 in fact 事實上 in time 及時 的in a mi nute 立刻,馬上2)動詞和介詞的連用Arrive in/at 到達(dá) get off 下車 learn from 向?qū)W習(xí) help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事 look after照顧 look for 尋找 think of 想到 ask for 請求 get up 起床 laugh

47、 at嘲笑 listen to 聽 look at 看,注視 talk about 討論 wait for 等候,等 worry about 擔(dān)心 thank for 為 . 而感謝3)形容詞和介詞的連用Be afraid of 害怕 be proud of 感到自豪 be careful with/about 小心 be interested in 對感興趣Be good at 善于 be crazy about 酷愛 be late for 干某事遲到 be good for 對有利3)其他By+交通工具by bus/ train/ pla ne/ air /ship/ bikeLots

48、of /a lot of 許多,大量 at most 至多 at least 至少 at once 立即,馬上 in order to為了2常用介詞區(qū)別表示時間的in , on, atat表示片刻的時間,in表示一段時間,on總是與日子有關(guān)表示時間的 si nee , fromSince指從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間,和元成時連用,from指從時間的某一點開始表示時間的in , afterin指在一段時間之后,after表示某一具體時間點之后或用在 過去時的一段時間中表示地理位置的in , on,toIn表示在某范圍內(nèi),on指與什么毗鄰,to指在某環(huán)境范圍之 內(nèi)表示在上的 on, inOn只表示在某

49、物的表面上,in表示占去某物 部分表示穿過的through , acrossThrough表示從內(nèi)部通過, 與in有關(guān),across表示在表面上通 過,與on有關(guān)表示關(guān)于的 about , onAbout指涉及到,on指專門論述Between 和 among 的區(qū)另UBetween表示在兩者之間,among用于二者或者二者以上的中間Besides 和 except 的區(qū)別Besides指除了.還有再加上,except指除了,減去什么,不 放在句首表示用的in , withWith表示具體的工具,in表示材料,方式,方法,度量,單位, 語言,聲音As與like 的區(qū)別As意為作為,以地為或身份,

50、like為象一樣,指情形相似In與into區(qū)別In通常表示位置(靜態(tài))into表示動向,不表示目的地或位置六動詞1動詞的時態(tài)1.1動詞的時態(tài)共有16種,以ask為例,將其各種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式列表如下:現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時過去將來時一般ask/asksaskedShall/will askShould/would ask進(jìn)行Am/is/are aski ngWas/were ask ingShall/willbeaski ngShould/wouldbeaski ng完成Have/has askedHad askedShall/will have askedShould/wouldhaveasked

51、完成進(jìn)行Have/has bee n aski ngHadbeenasking Shall/will have bee n ask ingShould/wouldhavebee n ask ing1.2現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:1)現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況,但和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,強調(diào)的是對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,它不能同表示過去的時間狀語連用,漢譯英時可加已經(jīng)等詞,簡言之,禾U用過去,說明現(xiàn)在。女口: I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer 。(已經(jīng)看過并且了解本書的內(nèi)容)2)般過去時只表示過

52、去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在無關(guān),它可和表示過去的時間狀語連用,漢譯時可加過,了等詞。簡言之,只談過去,不關(guān)現(xiàn)在。如:I read the novel last mo nth。(只說明上個月看了,不涉及現(xiàn)在是否記?。㊣ lived in Beijing for ten years。(只說明在北京住過了10年,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān))1.3現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別:兩者都可以表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,在含義上如注重表示動作的結(jié)果時,多用現(xiàn)在完成時,如著重表示動作一直在進(jìn)行,即動作的延續(xù)性時,則多用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,一般不能用于進(jìn)行時的動詞也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。I have read that b

53、ook。我讀過那本書了 I have been reading that book all the morning 。 我一早上在讀那本書1.4 一般將來時的表達(dá)方式:將來時用法例句will , shall+動詞原形表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在 的狀態(tài)My sister will be ten next year.Be goi ng to+ 動詞原形含有打算,計劃即將做某事, 或者表示很有可能要做某事We are going to have a party toni ght.Be+doing進(jìn)仃時表示將 來Go come start move leavearrive等詞可用進(jìn)仃時表示按計劃即將發(fā)生

54、的動作He is movi ng to the sou. th.Are they leavi ng for Europe?Be about to+ 動詞原形表示安排或計劃中的馬上要 發(fā)生的動作,后面一般不跟時 間狀語。The meeti ng is about to closeI was about to leave whe n the bell rang.Be to+動詞原型表示按計劃進(jìn)仃或征求對方 意見We are to meet at the school gate at noon.一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時刻表上或日程安排上早就 定好的事情,可用一般現(xiàn)在時 表示將來The meeting starts at five o' clock.The pla ne leaves at ten this evening.2動詞的被動語態(tài)常用被動語 態(tài)構(gòu)成常用被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成1一般現(xiàn)在時am is are asked6過去進(jìn)行時was were , being asked2一般過去時was were asked7現(xiàn)在完成時h

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