定語(yǔ)從句高考考點(diǎn)

1、The Attributive Clause 定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題一、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞指代人 who，whom，that指代事物 which，that所屬關(guān)系 whose，of which指地點(diǎn) where指時(shí)間 when指原因 why二、關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book doesnt sa

2、y much _ amuses children.先行詞是all ,everything,nothing, anything, something,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。Ive read

3、all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we have received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.先行詞被any,some, no, much,few,little, every,all, very, only, last修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。The famous writer and his works _ the ra

4、dio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that .Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?Who做先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。（答案：以上都是that）三、不用that，而用which，who，w

5、hom的情況He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. ( which) Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_cost me more than 100 yuan . (which) Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. (who)My uncle has come back from abroad,_I havent met for along time. (whom)在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用

6、which，指人用who或whom。Her bag , in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. ( which )This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. ( which )Xiao Wang , with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. ( whom )在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。注意：如何判斷介詞1、看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配The girl _ which he had fought all his life

7、no longer seemed important to him. ( for)He is the man _ whom I think you can depend . (on)2、看定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. (with) These are the wires_ which different machines are connected. ( with)3、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞 搭配The rate _ which wild an

8、imals are being destroyed has increased. (at) This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk. ( In front of )The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women. (whom)The book contains 50 poems, most of_was written in 1930s. (which) There are two left,one of_is almost finished,and the ot

9、her of_is not quite. (which)I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand. (which)名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of +which/whomWhere 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或含有地點(diǎn)意義的抽象名詞，并且在從句做狀語(yǔ)。用where (= in which )引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new

10、 one.Ill show you the point where you failed.Do you know the situation where you can use the word.若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night. (where)The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing. (which)The library _ you visited yesterday was buil

11、t in 1990. (which)區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句Where前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，是定語(yǔ)從句，否則是狀語(yǔ)從句。When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.When 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。從句作狀語(yǔ)。Ill never forget the

12、day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be busy若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. (when) Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus. (whichth

13、at)Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. (whichthat)why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Why在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.但是也要注意：不是每句都這樣。The reason _ she gave was not true. (thatwhich)whose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。表示所屬關(guān)系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows into t

14、he sea.(whoseof which the)There are 20 students in this class, _ _ are different.A. whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whomC. of whom the backgrounds D. the backgrounds of whose關(guān)系代詞用 that代in which 或省略I can tell you the way （that/in which）you can learn English well。we should act in the way that

15、does not harm the other living things.than 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞有比較級(jí)修飾時(shí)，用thanShe is a better student than she was last year.指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份：1. The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. (主語(yǔ))2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 賓語(yǔ)) 3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( 定語(yǔ)) 4. I like the book (w

16、hich) you bought yesterday. ( 賓語(yǔ) ) 5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( 定語(yǔ))6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( 介賓 )7.We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( 賓語(yǔ))8. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( 狀語(yǔ) )考點(diǎn)一：that和whic

17、h以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。1. 先行詞為不定代詞everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.2. 先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用that。e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.3. 先行詞被the only，the very，the last 修飾時(shí)，用that。e.g. He is the only person that I want to

18、 see now.4. 先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，用that。e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.5. 定語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容為解釋名詞的性質(zhì)、概念時(shí)，需用that。e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.考點(diǎn)二：連接詞which的用法Which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞可是一個(gè)詞,也可是整個(gè)主句或主句的某一部分。1. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouthA. it B. which C. t

19、his D. that2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it 考點(diǎn)三：介詞+關(guān)系代詞1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadn

20、t been cleaned for at least a year.A. these B. those C. that D. which 關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure.3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)：e.g. 1949 was the

21、 year in which the P.R.C. was founded.4.非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時(shí)，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.關(guān)系代詞than,but的用法He gave me more money than I need.There is no one but wants to get it.考點(diǎn)四:關(guān)系副詞的運(yùn)用在限定性和非限定性從句中，when的先行詞是時(shí)間名詞，where的先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，分別在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)。e.g. 1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C.