圖表信息類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)

1、圖表信息類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)一、題型特點(diǎn)圖表信息類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)一向是中考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中的難點(diǎn)，所涉及的題材廣泛，如人物簡(jiǎn)介、地點(diǎn)介紹、新聞報(bào)道等；體裁多種多樣，文體多以說(shuō)明文和議論文為主，其特點(diǎn)為條理明晰，具有可譯性。考察時(shí)要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)圖表、數(shù)據(jù)等進(jìn)展分析與研究，閱讀其中的文字和弄清各種信息之間的關(guān)系，提煉要點(diǎn)，然后組織語(yǔ)言進(jìn)展寫(xiě)作，必要時(shí)還要參加作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。二、寫(xiě)作思路1.認(rèn)真閱讀寫(xiě)作要求，根據(jù)圖表提示，確認(rèn)題目的目的、要求以及表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容，從而確定文章的體裁和格式。2.分析圖表的提示內(nèi)容，按順序逐一地、完好無(wú)缺地把圖表中的內(nèi)容找出來(lái)，用英語(yǔ)列出要點(diǎn)及各個(gè)要點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，再選用自己最有把握的句

2、型來(lái)連詞成句，將有關(guān)信息都表達(dá)在自己所寫(xiě)的語(yǔ)句之中。3.核對(duì)要點(diǎn)，注意過(guò)渡，保證通順。完成初稿之后，應(yīng)對(duì)照?qǐng)D表所給的提示，核對(duì)要點(diǎn)是否有遺漏，各個(gè)要點(diǎn)是否表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。還要注意上下句之間的聯(lián)絡(luò)，適當(dāng)添加過(guò)渡句或連接詞，以便連成一篇內(nèi)容連接、邏輯通順的短文。4.默讀檢查，注意格式。仔細(xì)默讀所寫(xiě)短文草稿，檢查各個(gè)句子的語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造是否正確，句子之間是否通順連接，以及所寫(xiě)的文體格式是否標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等，確定無(wú)誤后再將短文認(rèn)真書(shū)寫(xiě)在試卷上。同時(shí)注意單詞拼寫(xiě)、字母大小寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等細(xì)節(jié)之處，做到工整、簡(jiǎn)潔、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。三、本卷須知1.圖表作文的構(gòu)造通常為三部分：1分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化所反映出的問(wèn)題或趨勢(shì)，簡(jiǎn)要概述圖表所提醒的信

3、息；2分析原因；3提出解決問(wèn)題的方法或建議。因此，同學(xué)們?cè)趯?xiě)作時(shí)要直截了當(dāng)、盡快人題，適當(dāng)參加自己的議論，力爭(zhēng)做到觀點(diǎn)明確，不要拐彎抹角，拖泥帶水，使人讀后一頭霧水。2.突出重點(diǎn)，抓住圖表中的數(shù)值極點(diǎn)，如最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最差等信息。3.說(shuō)明、描繪圖表時(shí)應(yīng)該注意動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，屬于過(guò)去發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，屬于經(jīng)常發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般如今時(shí)。4.充分利用圖表中提供的文字或說(shuō)明，但是，不能任意捏造圖表中沒(méi)有的信息。四、實(shí)例分析2021年成都卷請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下交通事故因素factors統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表，以“Major causes of traffic ac-cidents為題，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇簡(jiǎn)短的分析報(bào)告，

4、向?qū)W校英語(yǔ)報(bào)投稿。注意：1.報(bào)告需逐條陳述下面pie chart和bar chart柱狀圖中呈現(xiàn)的主要內(nèi)容。至少5點(diǎn)2.提出你對(duì)交通平安總的看法。至少2點(diǎn)3.詞數(shù)：100左右，所給標(biāo)題不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。【寫(xiě)法點(diǎn)撥】題目要求寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于交通事故的簡(jiǎn)短分析報(bào)告，文體為說(shuō)明議論文。1.引出話題：Nowadays， there are always kinds of traffic accident reports.2.分析圖表內(nèi)容：pie chart： driver factors，85%；vehicle fac-tors，5%；road environment factors，10%三種因素中，駕駛員因

5、素是關(guān)鍵原因bar chart：speeding，50%；drunk driving，15%；tired driving，26%；not using seat-belt，25%疲勞駕駛因素與不使用平安帶因素所占比例相當(dāng)3.自己觀點(diǎn)：pay attention to traffic safety in our life；try to obey the traffic rules關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)analyze the major causes“分析主要原因；the followings“如下；according to“根據(jù)；as well as“與一樣程度；in my opiniort“在我看來(lái)；keep

6、 in mind“記??；at the same time“同時(shí)常用句式Its important for us to analyzeIts quite clear thatThe harder we try，the happier our life will be參考范文Major Causes of Traffic AccidentsNowadays，there are always kinds of traffic accidents reports from newspapers，TV news and so on.As a result，its important for us to

7、analyze the major causes.The followings are two reports.According to the pie chart，there are mainly three factors：85% is about driver factors，5% is from vehicle factors and 10% is road environment factors.Among them，its quite clear that the first one is the key point.So another bar chart points that

8、 there are four reasons to causes it，including speeding which is 50%，drunk driving which holds 15%，tired driving which is 26% as well as not using seat-belt which is 25%. In my opinion，everyone should keep in mind that traffic safety is one of the most important things in our life.At the same time，w

9、e should try our best to obey the traffic rules.The harder we try，the happier our life will bel寫(xiě)作亮點(diǎn)本文在構(gòu)造上采用“三段式寫(xiě)作形式謀篇布局。第一段開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，引出交通事故這個(gè)話題；第二段分析造成交通事故的各種原因；第三段提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。整篇文章思路明晰，層次清楚，語(yǔ)言得體，用詞準(zhǔn)確。五、備考建議1.加強(qiáng)閱讀，背誦課文?！白x書(shū)破萬(wàn)卷，下筆如有神，平時(shí)大量的英文閱讀和好詞好句的積累是進(jìn)步寫(xiě)作程度的關(guān)鍵。在作文上能得高分者，必然是一個(gè)成功的閱讀者。通過(guò)閱讀，同學(xué)們可以穩(wěn)固所學(xué)的重點(diǎn)詞匯與典型句型，不斷夯

10、實(shí)語(yǔ)言根底。2.研讀范文，模擬訓(xùn)練。模擬是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的一種根本形式，同學(xué)們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)時(shí)可以尋找一些圖表類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)，多做一些這方面的練習(xí)。從內(nèi)容上看，詞匯、句型、段落與篇章都可以仿寫(xiě)，大家應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)在模擬中掌握寫(xiě)作技巧。3.掌握技巧，進(jìn)步才能。一篇好的作文，不僅表達(dá)學(xué)生遣詞造句、把握條理思路的才能，而且能反映出其邏輯思維和思想認(rèn)識(shí)等方面的狀況。同學(xué)們可以從簡(jiǎn)單一些的提綱式作文開(kāi)始練習(xí)，逐步過(guò)渡到比較難的圖表式作文，實(shí)在抓好“認(rèn)真審題、構(gòu)思謀篇、遣詞造句、連句成文這幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。六、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一2021年江西卷英文有句諺語(yǔ)“East，west，homes best.某英文報(bào)以此為標(biāo)題，向廣闊中學(xué)生征文。請(qǐng)根據(jù)

11、下面圖表信息寫(xiě)一篇短文，介紹你家的情況。內(nèi)容包括：你家的居室及居住環(huán)境、家庭成員及家庭成員之間的關(guān)系，并談?wù)勅绾巫屇愕募腋烂?。提示?.短文應(yīng)包括圖表中的全部信息，條理清楚，行文連接；2.短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和地名；3.詞數(shù)不少于80，開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。East，west，homes best二2021年寧波卷最近，學(xué)校就空中俱樂(lè)部的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容設(shè)置做了意向調(diào)查結(jié)果見(jiàn)下面圖表。請(qǐng)你幫俱樂(lè)部用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)告，并談?wù)勀阕约旱南敕ɑ蚪ㄗh。注意：1文中應(yīng)包含圖表所提供的要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2想法和建議至少兩條；文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名；3詞數(shù)：80-100短文開(kāi)頭不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)，考生可以選

12、擇使用。Recently weve made a survey of school sky English club._三2021年杭州卷根據(jù)下表用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的短文，內(nèi)容須包括：對(duì)下表中關(guān)于City A和City B的全部信息進(jìn)展比較，分析利弊，確定其中一個(gè)城市作為你的暑假旅游目的地。In my opinion._is the better place tospend my summer holiday._四2021年臺(tái)州卷正值畢業(yè)季，你們班的“英語(yǔ)園地在征集慶賀畢業(yè)活動(dòng)方式的建議，以下是你們組三位同學(xué)的想法及理由，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)這些信息寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文，并談?wù)勀阕约旱南敕ê屠碛?。注意?短

13、文必須包括圖片中的所有內(nèi)容，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。2文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)人名和校名等相關(guān)信息。3詞數(shù)：80-100。4短文首句僅供選擇使用，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。短文首句：These days，students in our class are discussing the ways to celebrate graduation.五2021年泉州卷在學(xué)習(xí)生活中，每個(gè)人都要面對(duì)各種困難。如何應(yīng)對(duì)這些困難呢？請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下思維導(dǎo)圖所提供的信息，以“How to Deal with Difficulties in Learning為題，寫(xiě)一篇90詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。參考詞匯：參考書(shū)reference book溫馨提示：

14、短文中請(qǐng)勿使用真實(shí)姓名，地點(diǎn)或所在學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。How to Deal with Difficulties in Learning_六2021年廣州卷你校將開(kāi)設(shè)一些特色課程，學(xué)生可根據(jù)興趣進(jìn)展選擇。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容提示為學(xué)校英文網(wǎng)頁(yè)寫(xiě)一篇短文，介紹這些課程、提出你建議增設(shè)的課程并說(shuō)明理由。Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their interest.注意：1.參考詞匯：模型制作model making2.詞數(shù)80左右文章開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)；3.不得透露學(xué)校、姓名等任何個(gè)人信息

15、，否那么不予評(píng)分。_ 七2021年蘭州卷同學(xué)們，在剛剛的閱讀中我們理解到一些有關(guān)西方飲食文化的有趣知識(shí)。如今某國(guó)外旅游雜志向你約稿，請(qǐng)你以When in China，do as the Chinese do為題寫(xiě)一篇文章，向西方讀者介紹我們中國(guó)的飲食文化。以下是此雜志社發(fā)來(lái)的稿件要求，請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀，完成寫(xiě)作。要求：內(nèi)容合理；要點(diǎn)齊全；句子及篇章構(gòu)造準(zhǔn)確、連接；書(shū)寫(xiě)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。_參考范文：一East，west，homes bestAThere is an old saying，East，west，homes best.I live in a house in the countryside.There

16、is a big living room，three bedrooms，a kitchen and washroom in it.There are some trees and flowers around my house.The air is really clean.And I often hear birds singing.There are four people in my family.They are my parents，my sister and I.We are helpful and friendly.And we always get on well with e

17、ach other.I am happy I have a good family.I will do what I can to help do more housework and farm work.I will study harder so that I can make more money in the future.With our effort，Im sure my home will be better and better.BThere is an old saying，East，west，homes best.I live in an apartment.In it t

18、here is a sit-ting room，two bedrooms，a washing room，a kitch-en and a study.Thanks to my mother，my room is always clean and tidy.The flowers in the sitting room look lovely.My apartment is not big，be-cause there are only three people in my family，my father，my mother and I.Sometimes my par-ents argue，

19、but usually they get on very well.They love me and I love them，too.Everyone needs a good home.Ill do my best to make my home better.On one hand，Ill study harder to make my parents happier.On the other hand，Ill do what I can to improve our living envi-ronment.二Recently weve made a survey of school sk

20、y English chub. Here are the results.We find that fifty-one percent of the students want to practicetheir spoken English by using Internet.Twenty-five percent like watching English movies，which can make their holiday life better.Eighteen per-cent would like to read more English classics be-cause the

21、y are interested in them.Six percent hope that they can leam more foreign culture，such as good manners and western festivals.As far as I know，its very helpful to improve English by learning English songs.Maybe we can invite foreigners to introduce good ways to learn songs.Im sure all of us will have

22、 fun in the school sky English club.三AIn my oponion，City A is the better place to spend my summer holiday， Although the temper-ature there is higher，the hotel is less comfortable.and even the food is not as delicious as that in City B，I still choose City A.The most important reason is that I can hav

23、e a lot of things to do in City A.I can enjoy more beautiful scenery and do more activities.Besides，it takes us only two hours to fly there，which saves us a lot of time.I hope the holiday will be an unforgettable experi-ence. BIn my opinion，City B is thee bener place to spend my summer holiday.Altho

24、ugh it takes me two more hours to fly there on an airplane，and I dont have many things to do，I still choose City B.The most important reason is that City B has better weather，not too hot or too cold.Besides，the hotel there is more comfortable and the food is more delicious than that in City A.All th

25、ese make my holiday more relaxing.I hope the com-ing summer holiday will be an unforgettable ex-perience.四These days，students in our class are discuss-ing the ways to celebrate graduation.Here are some ideas from our group.As for Jim，he thinks we can have a party to relax ourselves.To Mike，he refers

26、 to plant trees to make our school more beautiful.Besides，its a special way to express thanks to our school.In Nancys view，she likes to make a video to record the school life with teachers and classmates.In my opinion，travelling with classmates is a meaningful way to celebrate graduation.On one hand

27、，its a chance to get together and have fun.On the other hand，we can start a new life journey through travelling.五How to Deal with Difficulties in LearningEveryone may face difficulties in learning.Once I could hardly follow my teachers in class and I made many mistakes in my homework and tests.I rea

28、lly felt sad.Now whenever I meet difficulties，Ill try hard to overcome them instead of giving up.Sometimes I look up in reference.books or search the Inter-net，and sometimes I turn to my teachers or class-mates.With hard work，I have done much better in my studies.Nothing is too difficult if we put o

29、ur hearts into it.Whatever difficulty we meet，theres al-ways a way for us to deal with it.六Studets in our school are free to choose some special courses accordin to their interest.These courses will help students relax themselves after school.There are many courses for them to choose，such as English drama，football，or model making.Here is more information.If you want to improve your oral English，English drama may be the first choice.It is a good chance to practice not only oral English，but