英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——冠詞ppt課件

1、常放在名詞的前面,用來限定名詞的意義,起泛指或特指的作用 1、不定冠詞、不定冠詞a / an的用法：的用法： n不定冠詞a / an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前面; an用在元音音素開頭的詞的前面。n(1)表示“一這個(gè)數(shù)量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那個(gè)餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。)就近原那么n (2) 表示某類人或事物,以區(qū)別于其他種類。如：An elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人強(qiáng)健多了。)(不能譯為：一頭大象比一個(gè)人強(qiáng)健。)n(3).表

2、示“一個(gè)另一個(gè)之意時(shí)用 one 而不用an例：One mans meat is another mans poision人各有志。n另：在以下情況下，a,one可以互換：n例：in a/one word簡(jiǎn)而言之，a/one hundred percent百分之百，十足n(4).用在單數(shù)名詞前，相當(dāng)于某一個(gè)或某一位，抑或用在物質(zhì)名詞或籠統(tǒng)名詞表“一陣，“一份等或表籠統(tǒng)名詞詳細(xì)化。n例：a. A Mr Li called you tonight，某一位 nb.Unfortunately , only the poor boy was caught in a heavy rain 表一陣nc.Thr

3、ough their efforts , their experiment was quite a great success.籠統(tǒng)名詞詳細(xì)化n(5) a/an可表“每一之意n例：I go there once a week to ensure that everything is ok.每一周n(6)兩個(gè)名詞共用一個(gè)冠詞表同一人或同一物。n例：a scientist and artist na teacher and friend n注：此類方式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)問題。nFinally, they met a professor and waiter who quite friendly.n

4、A. is B. are C. was D. weren析：此處profssor與writer屬同一人，who做為定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞替代 故用C. was n(7) 放在描畫詞最高級(jí)前表“很、“相當(dāng)、“非常n例：The is a most interesting filmn(8) 放在序數(shù)詞前表“又、“再之意。n例： Do you want a second coffee? n他想再來杯咖啡嗎？*不定冠詞的位置 n不定冠詞常位于名詞、量詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)氣前。n1位于以下描畫詞之后。如：such, many , what , half etc n例：Many a man is fit for the

5、job.n很多人適宜這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。nI have never met such a man like him .n我從來就沒有遇到像他這樣的人。n2. 當(dāng)名詞前的描畫詞被副詞as , so ,too ,how ,however ,enough修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞放在描畫詞之后。nHe was infected with so deadly a disease that doctors were in complete doubt.n他感染了致命的疾病以致于醫(yī)生們束手無(wú)策。nHe is such a clever boy that we all love him n3. 在as though 引導(dǎo)的退讓

6、狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為 adj 修飾的名詞時(shí)，不定冠詞在描畫詞后。n例：Brave a man as / though he is ,he trembles at the sight of tigers 他雖然英勇，可見到老虎還是發(fā)抖。n4可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞的描畫詞比較級(jí)有no much, far ,all the 等修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞位于比較級(jí)的描畫詞之后，名詞之前。n例：Mr Li, the tutor was no better a schoolar than many a nine form boy.n李先生這位家庭教師并不比九年級(jí)學(xué)生強(qiáng)。nmany a student很多學(xué)生， what a

7、pity / a shame！真遺憾！ntake a deep breath 深呼吸 all of a sudden 突出nin a sense在某種意義上。 as a rule 通常nmake a living 謀生。 take an interest in 對(duì)有興趣nkeep an eye on 留意、照看 at a distance of 在這處nat a loss不知所措 as a matter of fact現(xiàn)實(shí)上2、定冠詞、定冠詞the的用法：的用法：n定冠詞the用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的名詞前面。n(1)表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower

8、 in his hand is Jack.(手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克)n(2)指說話雙方都熟習(xí)的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,請(qǐng)看黑板。)n(3)復(fù)述前面提到過的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(樹下有個(gè)人, 那個(gè)人叫羅伯特。)n(4)表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。如：The earth turns around the sun.(地球繞太陽(yáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)。)n(5)用在表示方位的名詞前面。如：There will be strong wind to the sou

9、th of the Yangtze River.(長(zhǎng)江以南地 區(qū)將會(huì)刮大風(fēng)。)n(6)在序數(shù)詞和描畫詞最高級(jí)的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(誰(shuí)第一個(gè)去？) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在一切的恒星之中太陽(yáng)離地球最近)n(7)常用在樂器稱號(hào)的前面。如：He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五歲時(shí)他開場(chǎng)拉小提琴)n(8)用在江河、海洋、山脈等稱號(hào)的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya M

10、ountains.(我從來沒有去過喜馬拉雅山) THE YANGZE RIVER the Yellow Rivern(9)用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞的前面。如：He is from the United States of America.(他來自美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó))n(10)用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下個(gè)月格林一家要去峨眉山)n(11)same之前普通用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去長(zhǎng)得一樣)n(12)幾個(gè)用定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ)：at the sam

11、e time (與此同時(shí)),make the bed(鋪床),in the end(最后),all the time(不斷),by the way(順便說一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 3、零冠詞的情況：、零冠詞的情況：n(1) 專有名詞和(第一次運(yùn)用)一些不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country.(中國(guó)是個(gè)大國(guó)) / Man needs air and water.(人類需求空氣和水) n(2) 名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不用。如：My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的

12、鋼筆比他的昂貴多了)n(3)周名,月名或季節(jié)名前普通不用。如：He was born on Monday, February 18,2019.(他出生在2019年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他們通常在山上植樹)n(4) (第一次運(yùn)用)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)不用,如：Men are cleverer than monkeys.人比猴子聰明n(5)三餐飯前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我們?cè)诩页栽顼?在校吃午飯)n(6)節(jié)

13、、假日前普通不用。如：On Childrens Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在兒童節(jié),這些男孩經(jīng)常得到父母的禮物)n(7)球類名詞前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons.孩子們星期六下午踢足球n8當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并用時(shí)，常省去冠詞。例如： n I cant write without pen or pencil.沒有鋼筆和鉛筆，我就寫不了字。 n9當(dāng)by 與火車等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無(wú)冠詞，如by bus，by train。 n1

14、0有些個(gè)體名詞不用冠詞，如school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等個(gè)體名詞，直接置于介詞后，表示該名詞的深層含義。例如： n go to hospital 去醫(yī)院看病 n go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 并不是去看病，而是有其他目的 n11不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞； n a. 序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞時(shí)。 n b. 序數(shù)詞作副詞。例如：He came first in the race. 他跑步得了第一。 n c. 在固定詞組中，如atthefirst, first of all, fro

15、m first to last等。 n( ) 1._recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090.nA. A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, an( ) 2.If you go by _train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _fast one.

16、n A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ n( ) 3. It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life.n A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, an( ) 4.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city ,I only remember it was _ Monday.。nthe , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, an( ) 5.If you grow up in _large family ,

17、youare more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others .nA. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the n( ) 6.Mrs Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes.na, a B. an ,the C. an ,a D. thn( )7. Afetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson

18、 _ride to _Capital Airport.n A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the n( )8.On May 5,2019,at _World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHaon won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1.n A. a ,a B. / the C. a ,/ D. the ,a n( )9.I knew _John Lennon ,but not _famous one.n A. /,a B. a ,the C

19、. /,the D. the, a n( )10. The book tells _life story of John Smith ,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.nthe, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/ n( )11. When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel ; I can find you _bed in my flat.n the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the

20、D. a,/n( )12.If you buy more than ten, they will knock20pence off_.n A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices n( )13._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.nThe ,/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/n( )14.When he left _college

21、 ,he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office .n A. /, a B/, the C .a the D .the, then( )15The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution.n A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,then( )16.While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope Ne

22、wton made _discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of color.na ,/ B. a ,the C. /, the D. the ,an( )17.It is _world of wonders, _world where anything can happen.n A. a. the B. a, a C. the, a D. /,/n( )18.The Wilsons live in _A-shaped house near the coast . It is _17th century cottage.

23、nthe, / B. an, the C. /, the D. an ,an( )19.Tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other student in our class.nthe ,/ B. a,/ C. a ,the D. /, then( )20.For a long time they walked without saying _word. Jim was the first to break _silence.nthe, a B. a ,the C. a ,/ D. the, n( )21. There was _ti

24、me _I hated t go to school.na ,that B. a ,when C. the ,that D. the ,when n( )22. When you finish reading the book ,you will have _better understanding of _life.,n A. a, the B. the .a C. /,the D.a,/n( )23.I earn 10dollars _hours as _supermarket cashier on Saturday.na, an B. the ,a C. an ,a D . an ,th

25、en( )24The sign reads “in case of_fire ,break the glass and push _red buttonnA. /,a B. /,the C. the ,the D. a ,a n( )25.I dont like talking on _telephone ; I prefer writing _letters.na, the B. the./ C. the ,the D. A ,/n( )26. Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience.n A. /, the B. /, an C. an. an D