有關(guān)地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力培養(yǎng)的探析中英文對(duì)照

1、有關(guān)地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力培養(yǎng)的探析中英文對(duì)照On the training of the local university city planningprofessional engineering practice ability in Chinese andEnglish.章通過(guò)對(duì)地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力培養(yǎng)的探索與實(shí)踐的研究，基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實(shí)習(xí)訓(xùn)練T工程實(shí)踐”模式，提出了培養(yǎng)地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力的措施， 全面提高學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)， 為地方建設(shè)提供 “會(huì)規(guī)劃、 能設(shè)計(jì)、 懂管理” 的應(yīng)用型人才。 Chapter through the researc

2、h and practice of training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability ", based on the theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " mode, put forward the training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability

3、 measures, improve students' comprehensive qualities, to provide " application talent planning, can design, understand the management " for the local construction.關(guān)鍵詞：地方高校；城市規(guī)劃；工程實(shí)踐能力培養(yǎng)；探索與實(shí)踐Keywords: Local University; city planning; the training of engineering practice ability; explor

4、ation and Practice 前言Preface 在我國(guó)高等教育大眾化、現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中，地方本科院校起著舉足輕重的作用，高校、特 別是地方高校人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量問(wèn)題成為全社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。 地方建設(shè)尤其是小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)、 新農(nóng) 村建設(shè)等工程項(xiàng)目急需地方高校給予支持與合作， 因此， 對(duì)于地方高校工程建設(shè)專業(yè)人才的 培養(yǎng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)在宏觀思考、微觀操作、教學(xué)實(shí)踐、教學(xué)運(yùn)行、產(chǎn)學(xué)研三者結(jié)合等方面做嚴(yán)肅認(rèn) 真的思考。 基于這樣的思考， 我們的教學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)一直堅(jiān)持不懈地在教學(xué)與實(shí)踐中探索如何基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實(shí)習(xí)訓(xùn)練T工程實(shí)踐”模式，強(qiáng)化學(xué)生工程意識(shí)， 培養(yǎng)與訓(xùn)練學(xué)生以工程實(shí)踐能力為核心，全面提高綜合素質(zhì)，為地

5、方建設(shè)提供“會(huì)規(guī)劃、能設(shè)計(jì)、懂管理” 的應(yīng)用型人才。In the process of higher education popularization, modernization of our country, local colleges play a decisive role, especially in Colleges and universities, is becoming the focus of attention of the whole society quality of talents cultivation in local colleges and univer

6、sities. Local construction especially in urgent need of local colleges and universities in the construction of small towns, the new rural construction and other projects to support and cooperation, therefore, training for local colleges and universities construction professionals, should in the macr

7、oscopic, microscopic operation thinking, teaching practice, teaching, research the combination of the three, serious consideration. Based on this, our teaching team has been unremittingly to explore how to based on the " theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " mode

8、 of practice in the teaching and practice, to strengthen the engineering consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability as the core, improve the overall quality, to provide " application talent planning, can design, understand the management " for the lo

9、cal construction.一、城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力培養(yǎng)的目的與意義Objective and significance of culture, city planning professional engineering practice ability.筆者試圖結(jié)合調(diào)研組織跨學(xué)科力量開(kāi)展教學(xué)、 設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)踐等教學(xué)， 建立學(xué)校與行業(yè)、 企 業(yè)溝通的工程技術(shù)教育訓(xùn)練體系，實(shí)現(xiàn)“工程教育”和“教育服務(wù)社會(huì)”的相互促進(jìn)和雙重 超越。The author tries to design and practice of teaching, combined with the research

10、organization to carry out interdisciplinary strength teaching, build schools and industry, enterprise communication engineering and technical education and training system, the realization of " engineering education " and " education to service society " to promote each other and

11、 double transcendence.(一) 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生工程實(shí)踐能力( a ) to cultivate students' ability of engineering practice在傳統(tǒng)的專業(yè)教學(xué)過(guò)程中， 只是以理論知識(shí)教學(xué)為主， 輔以趨于“理想化” 的課程設(shè)計(jì)， 學(xué)生應(yīng)對(duì)實(shí)踐工程項(xiàng)目的能力較弱。 該項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃主要就是針對(duì)此問(wèn)題， 通過(guò)執(zhí)行 “理論研究 T調(diào)研分析T實(shí)習(xí)訓(xùn)練T工程實(shí)踐”計(jì)劃模式，旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的工程實(shí)踐能力，在實(shí)踐中提高專業(yè)技能。In the traditional teaching process of professional theoretical kno

12、wledge, but to the teaching, and tends to be " ideal curriculum design ", students should practice project ability. The project is mainly to solve this problem, through the implementation of " theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " practice mode, in orde

13、r to cultivate students' ability of engineering practice, to improve the professional skills in practice.(二) 注重師生科研成果的社會(huì)實(shí)用性( two ) the social utility of the teacher and students achievements in scientific research 教師、學(xué)生將調(diào)研報(bào)告、科研論文、工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)圖文等作為科研成果，能為政府及規(guī) 劃設(shè)計(jì)部門(mén)提供項(xiàng)目工程實(shí)踐的理論研究和措施建議，能加強(qiáng)工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)的深度，因此， 師生

14、的科研成果應(yīng)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行 “理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實(shí)習(xí)訓(xùn)練T工程實(shí)踐”模式，以加強(qiáng)科研成果的社會(huì)實(shí)用性。Teachers, students will research reports, research papers, project design graphic as scientific research, can provide the suggestion of theoretical research and engineering practice of the measures for the government and planning departments, to stren

15、gthen project design depth, therefore, teachers' and students' scientific research should strictly implement the " theoretical research, analysis, training, research the engineering practice " mode of practice, to strengthen the social utility of scientific research.(三) 提高教師的業(yè)務(wù)能力(

16、three ) improve the teacher's professional ability 教師通過(guò)理論研究、參與工程項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生的同時(shí)，提煉自身專業(yè)技能，提高工 程實(shí)踐能力，提高實(shí)踐教學(xué)能力。Teachers through theoretical study, participate in project practice, guide the students at the same time, refine their professional skills, improve the ability of engineering practice, to imp

17、rove practical teaching ability.(四) 提高湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項(xiàng)目的效率( four ) to improve the efficiency of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project 如今，全國(guó)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)已進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的階段， 但是，包括湘西北地區(qū)在內(nèi)的中很多農(nóng)村， 許多項(xiàng)目并沒(méi)有得以具體實(shí)施，設(shè)計(jì)只是一紙空文，而且缺乏深度與特色。因此，培養(yǎng)地方 建設(shè)應(yīng)用型人才， 提高湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐的效率和效果，是該項(xiàng)目的研究要解決的重要問(wèn)題，也是我校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)培養(yǎng)人才的主要目標(biāo)。

18、Now, new rural construction of our country has entered a new stage, however, many rural including northwest Hunan, many projects have not been specific implementation, design is just a mere scrap of paper, and the lack of depth and characteristics. Therefore, cultivating applied talents of local con

19、struction, raise the efficiency and effect of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project practice, is an important problem to be solved on the project, the main target is our city planning professional personnel training.二、“理論T調(diào)研T實(shí)訓(xùn)T實(shí)踐”模式的探索Two, " theory, research, practice, practice &q

20、uot; mode我們的教學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)在教學(xué)與實(shí)踐中堅(jiān)持基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實(shí)習(xí)訓(xùn)練T工程實(shí) 踐”模式，探索如何強(qiáng)化學(xué)生工程意識(shí)、培養(yǎng)與訓(xùn)練學(xué)生以工程實(shí)踐能力，并全面提高綜合 素質(zhì)，為地方建設(shè)提供“會(huì)規(guī)劃、能設(shè)計(jì)、懂管理”的應(yīng)用型人才。Our teaching team in the teaching and Practice on " theoretical research, based on the investigation and analysis, training and practice " mode, explore how to strengthen t

21、he engineering consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability, and improve the overall quality, to provide " application talent planning, design, understand the management " for local construction.(一) 課堂中教學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)展新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃理論專題講授( a ) the classroom - teaching

22、team to carry out special new rural community planning theory teaching教師通過(guò)結(jié)合教學(xué)大綱的要求和專業(yè)課程的設(shè)置情況， 指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí) 城市規(guī)劃原理 、 小城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃資料集 、村鎮(zhèn)建設(shè) 、相關(guān)村鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及新農(nóng)村規(guī)劃優(yōu)秀設(shè)計(jì)方案等書(shū)籍 文獻(xiàn)，加深學(xué)生對(duì)小城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃、新農(nóng)村規(guī)劃等理論知識(shí)的熟悉。Arrangement of teachers by combining the requirements of the syllabus and curriculum, guide students to learn " city

23、 planning principle ", " small town planning data set ", " rural construction ", the relevant planning standards and the new rural planning design, excellent books, the students in the small town planning, the new rural planning theory knowledge.(二) 課堂外教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生赴湘西北地區(qū)農(nóng)村開(kāi)展調(diào)研并參與工

24、程實(shí)踐( two ) class - teachers lead students to Northwest Hunan rural areas to carry out research and in engineering practice1指導(dǎo)教師與相關(guān)部門(mén)聯(lián)系，帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生深入湘西北地區(qū)農(nóng)村，開(kāi)展村莊建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀的實(shí) 地調(diào)研， 針對(duì)湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村的建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀撰寫(xiě)調(diào)研報(bào)告， 為后期的科研工作和工程實(shí)踐做 好準(zhǔn)備。1 teachers with related departments, to lead the students to rural development in northwester

25、n Hunan Province, field research current situation of the village construction, writing research reports for the construction of new rural area north of Xiangxi, to prepare for the later research work and engineering practice.2教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生赴實(shí)習(xí)基地，參加新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐的實(shí)習(xí)與訓(xùn)練，提高 工程實(shí)踐能力，為日后的工程項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐打下基礎(chǔ)。2 teachers lea

26、d students to practice base, practice and training to participate in the new rural planning project practice, improve the ability of engineering practice, and lay the foundation for the future practice of Engineering project.3教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生針對(duì)調(diào)研結(jié)果，提出湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃的措施與建議，并公 開(kāi)發(fā)表科研論文。 針對(duì)調(diào)研結(jié)果， 提出湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃的措施與建議

27、， 教師爭(zhēng)取 在核心期刊公開(kāi)發(fā)表相關(guān)論文，教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生爭(zhēng)取在省級(jí)以上期刊公開(kāi)發(fā)表相關(guān)科研論文。3 teachers guide students according to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for new rural community planning in Northwest Hunan, and published research papers. According to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for n

28、ew rural community planning in Northwest Hunan, teachers for the core journals published papers, teachers guide students to strive for in the provincial journals published related research papers.4教師與相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)單位聯(lián)系，教師親自參與，同時(shí)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整 治規(guī)劃工程項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)。4 teachers and related design units, teachers personall

29、y involved in the design at the same time, guiding students to participate in the north area of Xiangxi new rural planning project.三、提高地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實(shí)踐能力的措施Three, improve the local university city planning professional engineering practice ability measures（一）將理論教學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn)訓(xùn)練與工程實(shí)踐緊密結(jié)合（ a ） combined with prac

30、tical experiments and engineering theory teaching, training 理論教學(xué)與實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)的相互脫節(jié)，是工程教育易患的毛病，我們探索“理論教學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn) 教學(xué)、工程實(shí)踐”三者的有機(jī)結(jié)合和相互穿插、滲透。從教學(xué)規(guī)劃上提高質(zhì)量和效益，轉(zhuǎn)變 單一規(guī)劃的人才培養(yǎng)為多層次、多類(lèi)型、多目標(biāo)培養(yǎng)，促進(jìn)學(xué)生知識(shí)、能力、素質(zhì)的協(xié)調(diào)與 全面發(fā)展，具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。The disjoint of theory teaching and practice, is susceptible to engineering education problems, we explo

31、re " theory teaching, experimental teaching, engineering practice of " combine the three and mutual penetration, penetration. To improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching plan, changing a single planning personnel training for the multi-level, multi-type, multi target culture, pro

32、mote the harmonious and all-round development of students' knowledge, ability and quality, has the very strong practical significance.（二）突顯工程教育特色，促進(jìn)工程實(shí)踐回歸（ two ） feature engineering education highlights, promote the engineering practice of regression 目前我國(guó)工程教育存在的主要問(wèn)題之一是過(guò)分側(cè)重工程科學(xué)分析，輕視工程實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練。人才培養(yǎng)模式格

33、式單一、課程結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，知識(shí)面窄，教師學(xué)生缺乏工程實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)等。本課 題試圖建立學(xué)校與行業(yè)、 企業(yè)溝通的工程技術(shù)教育訓(xùn)練體系， 聘請(qǐng)企業(yè)工程技術(shù)人員參與教 學(xué)改革，知道教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。組織學(xué)生進(jìn)駐設(shè)計(jì)部門(mén)、實(shí)習(xí)基地，親身感受和參與工程實(shí)踐。突 出學(xué)生的主體作用，促進(jìn)工程實(shí)踐回歸，實(shí)現(xiàn)“技術(shù)性實(shí)踐”向“反思性實(shí)踐”的轉(zhuǎn)變，為 地方培養(yǎng)工程建設(shè)急需的 “會(huì)規(guī)劃、 能設(shè)計(jì)、 懂管理” 的應(yīng)用型人才， 具有重要的社會(huì)意義。 One of the main problems existing in China's engineering education at present is too much

34、emphasis on engineering science analysis, contempt of engineering practice and training. Mode single, curriculum structure of talent cultivation is not reasonable, narrow range of knowledge, lack of practical experience of teachers and students of engineering. This paper tries to set up schools and

35、industry, enterprise communication engineering and technical education and training system, employing enterprise engineering and technical personnel involved in the teaching reform, know the teaching design. Organize students into the design department, practice base, experience and participation in

36、 engineering practice. The main role of students, promote the engineering practice of regression, the realization of " practical " to " practical ", train local engineering construction are in urgent need of " planning, design, understand the management " applied talent

37、s, has important social significance.（三）開(kāi)發(fā)復(fù)合型城市規(guī)劃技術(shù)教育課程，改觀城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教學(xué)內(nèi)容( three ) the development of composite city planning technology education curriculum, teaching content of city planning major.當(dāng)今科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的一個(gè)明顯特點(diǎn)是， 學(xué)科交叉不斷增強(qiáng)， 新技術(shù)大量涌現(xiàn)。 新技術(shù)打 破了工程職能之間的嚴(yán)格界限，新技術(shù)大都是多學(xué)科的，這就需要高校清除舊的學(xué)科界限， 加強(qiáng)跨學(xué)科教育， 使工科學(xué)生能夠運(yùn)用工程的系統(tǒng)

38、方法去思考和解決問(wèn)題。 這對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng) 的專業(yè)教育為綜合的工程技術(shù)教育，具有重要的實(shí)際意義。An obvious feature of the development of science and technology is increasing, interdisciplinary, new technologies emerge. The new technology has broken the strict boundaries between the functions of the project, new technology is multidisciplinary, whic

39、h requires the removal of the old boundary of discipline, strengthen the interdisciplinary education, so that students can use system engineering method to think and solve problems. The professional education, change the traditional engineering education, has important practical significance.(四) 充分利

40、用地方教育資源，形成區(qū)域人才培養(yǎng)特色，開(kāi)創(chuàng)地方城市規(guī)劃教育新局面( four ) to make full use of local educational resources, form the characteristic culture of regional talent, and create a new situation in city planning education從目前的社會(huì)需求與就業(yè)形勢(shì)來(lái)看， 將來(lái)地方本科院校城規(guī)專業(yè)學(xué)生的就業(yè)， 應(yīng)以中小 城鎮(zhèn)為主要發(fā)展方向，認(rèn)清形勢(shì)，明確方向，有針對(duì)性地為中小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才。 我校規(guī)劃專業(yè)于 2004 年開(kāi)始招收本科生，辦學(xué)時(shí)間短，師資力量不足，但是，我校地處湘 西北地區(qū)， 是本地區(qū)文化教育中心， 與地方設(shè)計(jì)院所有著良好的合作基礎(chǔ)。 本課題重點(diǎn)探索 地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教育主動(dòng)出擊，走出校門(mén)，適應(yīng)地方社會(huì)發(fā)展需要，服務(wù)地方，充分 利用行業(yè)、 企業(yè)中豐富的工程實(shí)踐教學(xué)資源， 形成區(qū)域人才培養(yǎng)特色， 走出地方本科院校城 市規(guī)劃教育狹窄于技術(shù)和技術(shù)上狹窄的陰影，實(shí)現(xiàn)從消極被動(dòng)和適應(yīng)到積極主動(dòng)創(chuàng)新的轉(zhuǎn) 變，力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)“工程教育”和“教育服務(wù)社會(huì)”的相互促進(jìn)和雙重超越，努力開(kāi)創(chuàng)地方本科 院校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教育的新局面。From the social