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1、2010高考二輪復習英語考案專題二十一 書面表達【專題考案】一、(2009.江西卷)學校即將舉行以“Turning a bad mood(心情)into a good one ”為題目的英語作文比賽,請按下列要求定一篇100詞左右的記敘文或議論文。好心情的重要性。 產(chǎn)生壞心情的原因。 應該如何調(diào)整心情。記敘文 議論文發(fā)生的具體事件。 對你的心情有何影響? 你如何應對? _二、(2009.江蘇卷)鼠標是計算機時代最佳的人機交互工具之一。它極大地方便了人們的計算機操作。但是,過分依賴鼠標的習慣也會帶來一些不利影響。請你以鼠標為切入點,根據(jù)下表所提示的信息,用英語寫一篇短文。鼠標的必要性對多數(shù)人來說

2、,操作計算機,上網(wǎng)沖浪鼠標的便捷性點擊、移動、插入、拷貝、刪除編輯文本,搜索信息收發(fā)郵件,選購商品點播音樂,下載電影如果過分依賴鼠標 (請考生結(jié)合自身感受,列舉兩到三點)注意:1對所給要點逐一陳述,適當發(fā)揮,不要簡單翻譯。2詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計人總詞數(shù)。3作文中不得提及考生所在學校和本人姓名。The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer_三、(2009.湖南卷)假設(shè)你是某中學新老師李紅,請給你的朋友張華寫一封信,告訴他你第一天上課的情況,主要內(nèi)容如下:1. 描述

3、一件課堂上令你印象深刻的事情;2. 介紹你處理該事的方式;3. 談談你的感想。注意:1. 詞數(shù)不少于120個;2. 可適當發(fā)揮想象,增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;3. 文中不得出現(xiàn)與本人及學校相關(guān)的任何真實信息。_四、(2009.湖北卷)假設(shè)你是華華,與英國網(wǎng)友湯姆約定用對方的母語通信,以提高各自的外語水平。最近你收到湯姆的電子郵件(附后),發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個成語使用不當。請根據(jù)下列要點,用英文回一封電子郵件。 要點: 1不應使用 “無所不為”,應使用 “無所事事”; 2說明這兩個成語的用法; 3給予鼓勵。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)為120左右; 2.參考釋義:無所不為一do all kinds of bad th

4、ings 無所事事一have nothing to do 3.除以上兩個成語外,郵件中不得使用其它漢字或拼音; 4. 電子郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好(不計人你所寫詞數(shù)),但不得抄人答題卡。 附(湯姆的郵件): 華華,你好! 近幾天在忙什么事?有什么有意思的事嗎?我們的學校放假了,所以這幾天在家無所不為,飽食終日,只好上網(wǎng)發(fā)伊妹兒。沒意思。我決定找份工作,做個自食其力的人。祝好! 湯姆 (以下所給內(nèi)容不得抄入答題卡) Hi! Tom Nice to read your e-mail today. I noticed youve begun to use Chinese idioms and us

5、ed most of them correctly. _Hope youll find a good job soon. Huahua 五、(2009.福建卷)某英語報社擬成立“微笑俱樂部”,現(xiàn)向癸未征募會員。要求申請者提交一篇題為“I want toSmile”的英語短文。請你以申請者的身份,根據(jù)以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。 注意: 根據(jù)思路圖適當展開,以使行文連貫; 詞數(shù):120左右 I Want to Smile_ 六、(2009.廣東卷)第一節(jié) 基礎(chǔ)寫作(共1小題,滿分15分)你是校報小記者,最近進行了一次采訪。以下是這次采訪的情況: 時間: 上周末對象: 眼科醫(yī)生(eye-do

6、ctor)王教授主題: 我國中小學生近視(short-sightedness)問題基本信息: (1)發(fā)生率: 略高于50(2)人數(shù): 世界第一專家解讀: (1)原因: 很復雜(2)治療: 沒有哪一種藥物能治愈近視(3)建議: 不要過度用眼;多參加戶外活動(4)特別提示: 如何握筆也和近視有關(guān) 寫作內(nèi)容根據(jù)以上情況寫一篇采訪報道,并包括如下內(nèi)容: 1. 采訪的時間、對象和主題;2. 中小學生近視的發(fā)生率及人數(shù);3. 專家解讀。 寫作要求只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容。 評分標準句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確,信息內(nèi)容完整,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。_第二節(jié) 讀寫任務(共1小題,滿分25分)閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇15

7、0詞左右的英語短文。Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala(考拉)at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. T

8、hats rightsleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy. The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged and photographed by tourists,who make the trips to Feath

9、erdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal,which is understandable. How would you react,my friend,if you were trying to sleep off a dozen ti

10、mes and some round,furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?* 考拉即樹袋熊 寫作內(nèi)容1. 以約30個詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容;2. 然后以約120個詞就“該不該禁止游客和動物拍照”進行議論,內(nèi)容包括: (1)人們在參觀動物園時為什么喜歡和動物拍照;(2)假如你處在那些動物的處境,你會有什么反應;(3)你認為是否應該禁止游客和動物拍照。 寫作要求1. 在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子;2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。 評分標準概括準確,語言規(guī)范,內(nèi)容合適

11、,篇章連貫。七、(2009.遼寧卷) 假定你住在一個涉外小區(qū)。社區(qū)委員會請你幫忙用英文以短文的形式寫一封電子郵件,將周末農(nóng)家采摘活動的安排傳達給住戶。 要點: 時間:下周六上午8:00至11:00 內(nèi)容:采摘蘋果 報名:辦公室,下周四下午5:00前 提示:帶帽子、手套 注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右,開頭已為你寫好。 2. 可適當增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫。 3. 參考詞匯:社區(qū) community _八、(2009.浙江卷)5月1日,高二(3)班的學生志愿者Li Yue 和 Zhang Hua 去陽光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)開展志愿者活動(送水果.打掃.聊天等)。假如你是

12、校英語報的記者,請按下列要點用英語寫一則100-120個詞的新聞報道。 1.時間.地點.任務.活動; 2.老人們的反應; 3.簡短評論。 注意:報道的標題和記者姓名已給出(不記詞數(shù))。 Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly _九、(2009.重慶卷)國外某網(wǎng)站舉辦新一輪網(wǎng)上討論活動,正面向全球中學生征集話題。假設(shè)你是新華中學的學生李華,經(jīng)常訪問該網(wǎng)站。現(xiàn)請你用英文給該網(wǎng)站發(fā)送一封電子郵件,向其推薦話題。 內(nèi)容包括: 自我簡介 寫信目錄 話題:我們應該感恩(thankful) 推薦的理由 預祝活動成功 注意: 1.詞數(shù)100左右 2

13、.郵件格式已為你給出 3.郵件中不能出現(xiàn)本人真實信息 4.請在答題卡上作答 _十、(2009.上海卷)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.某海外學校舉辦英語夏令營,開設(shè)了如下課程:園藝(gardening),烹飪(cooking),防身術(shù)(self-defence),護理(nursing)。假如你是王躍華(不可以用自己的真實姓名),寫一封申請信,報名參加其中一門課程的學習。信的內(nèi)容必須包括:你感興趣的課程你期望

14、從這門課程中學到什么為什么想學這些內(nèi)容_附參考范文+解析+點評: 一、【參考范文】議論文Turning a Bad Mood into A Good One It is very important for us to have a good mood in our daily life. If you have a good mood, you will be happy with everything in the world. Most importantly, you will have a optimistic effect on the people around you. We

15、all will live a harmonious and happy life. It is also good for your health. However,sometimes when you meet some difficulties, when you quarrel with others or when you fail in doing something. You may have a bad mood. If so, you should get rid of it as soon as possible. As we all know, everything ha

16、s its two sides. So you should think more about its bright side. We are sure that everything will be better with time passing by. Remember: Only you can make yourself happy. I hope that everyone has a good mood every day!【解析】今年依然是開放式的作文,只提出了一個話題“Turning a bad mood into a good one”, 并給出了體裁上的選擇和內(nèi)容上的簡要

17、提示。話題非常切合學生實際生活,考生只要按照要點去寫,注意過渡即可?!军c評】這是第一次在地方卷種中對寫作形式(體裁)作出的可選性規(guī)定,并分別給出了具體寫作內(nèi)容及寫作說明。此舉為創(chuàng)新。這個標題作文的命制具備雙重可選特征,即既可以通過一個故事的敘述來完成,也可以通過對同主題的議論(重要性、原因與方法)來完成。這是一個典型的標題作文,江西05年獲得自主命題權(quán),五年來,基本上為標題作文形式(除05年外),此次尤為特別??梢灶A見,在今后的全國卷地方卷試題改革中,這種形式將會成為各卷種效仿的對象,甚至可能走得更遠。不過也要指出的是,在本題記敘文要求下的第三條“你如何應對”,筆者認為這樣的表述說明文的口氣過

18、重,容易誤導考生的寫作。最好表述為“你是如何應對的”。這樣的表述才是敘事性的而不是說明性的了。第二條稍微好一點,不過建議改為“對你的心情產(chǎn)生了什么影響”??傊?,那種“如何”,“有何”之類具有說明文性質(zhì)的表述容易讓考生寫作時發(fā)生體裁“跑偏”現(xiàn)象。二、【參考范文】The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computerFor most people, its almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone

19、surf the Internet. A well-chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen. With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want. It can even bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games.

20、 Just imagine, all this can be done with a cute mouse.A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesnt always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertips leaves little room for knowledge pursuing. Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding trut

21、h. Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.(153 words)【解析】本文為提綱式說明文體裁,所選內(nèi)容與我們生活相關(guān),考生只要把所給要點逐條陳述,適度發(fā)揮,不要逐條翻譯即可?!军c評】對于江蘇的考生而言,自08年改革以來,整卷分值雖然下降為120分,但短文寫作的分值仍然是25分,和絕大多數(shù)卷種同題賦分一樣。但是,從寫作詞數(shù)要求、寫作話題和寫作形式(體裁)幾個維度來看,江蘇卷的寫作可以歸為比較難的一類。第一,寫作詞數(shù)要達到150左右的卷種

22、,目前只有廣東和江蘇兩地,09年江蘇范文詞數(shù)為153詞。第二,六年來,江蘇的話題選擇有一個明顯的特點:時代性比較強。從“江城介紹”(04)、“建設(shè)和諧社會”(05),“奧運志愿者的宜與忌”(06),“陽光體育活動”(07),到09年的“鼠標的利弊”等,這個話題選擇的路徑鮮明地反映出江蘇卷對時代的敏感性,問題是這些特色話題又給考生帶來了表達上的困難。對于優(yōu)秀的考生,這種話題可能如魚得水,而對于中等偏下的考生,這種話題顯然有點“尷尬”:想說點什么,但要嘛說不出,要嘛說不好。第三,這個“難”還表現(xiàn)在寫作形式上,幾年來,江蘇卷主要采用的是混合形式的寫作:陳說+議論。我分析了一下09年江蘇卷給的范文,盡

23、管鼠標的好處部分漢語提示很充分,控制很嚴,但要想精確表達,也不容易。尤其是題中未列出“不利影響”的部分,考生要想用寥寥三、四句話把這個“不利影響”說明白顯然需要功力,這個功力首先是要分析什么才是不利影響,列出個一二三,其次是如何轉(zhuǎn)換成英語,最后才是如何集中而簡潔地優(yōu)化句子結(jié)構(gòu),使之達意而且有條理。由此看來,江蘇卷今年的難度不低,如果再在閱讀上加大閱讀量,那整卷難度就可想而知了。另外,江蘇有命制標題作文的習慣(05,06,08),09年卷雖然沒有直接給出標題,也沒有要求考生寫出標題,但主體性標題已十分明晰。三、【參考范文】Dear Zhang Hua,Its three months since

24、 I heard from you last time. Now I want to tell you an impressive story happened on my first lesson.On hearing the bell, students ran into the classroom as quickly as they can. But a boy, Li Ming, whose father died a month ago, was late for the class. He stood outside the classroom, silently. I smil

25、ed to him and let him came in. After a while, he cried on his desk. Then I walked to him and asked what had happened .He told me that his mother was ill and he had to take some medicine for her. At the same time, he apologized to me for his lateness. Moved by his words, I praised him for his deeds a

26、nd decided to sing a song named “Mother” for the students. How time flies! Class was over before I realized it.From the story I felt we should respect our parents and do our best to help them. Do you think so? Im looking forward to your reply.Yours truly,Li Hong【解析】本文屬于半開放性提綱式書信體,要點有三,選材學生熟悉,也是發(fā)生在他們

27、身邊的故事,學生只要把握準情景和要求,使表達的內(nèi)容不走題即可?!军c評】湖南卷這是第二次在短文寫作中涉及老師(06Mr Moore,09李紅)。第一次出現(xiàn)考生假設(shè)人是教師“假設(shè)你是某中學新老師李紅”。這個假設(shè)在歷年的高考英語各卷種中都沒有出現(xiàn)過,可以理解為考生畢業(yè)后的可能,但這個可能只能是大學畢業(yè)后的事情了,看來這個未來生活起碼還得四年時間。可以劃歸到第三主題“與考生未來生活相關(guān)”。但由于考查的主題仍然是有關(guān)學習和課堂之間的事情,總的說來,有話可說,也有話能說,起碼可以杜撰一點熟悉的東西。四、【參考范文】Hi! Tom Nice to read your e-mail today. I noti

28、ced youve begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them correctly. However, Im afraid there is one mistake Id like to point out. It is “無所不為”. This idiom means “do all kinds of bad things”. Are you doing all kinds of bad things at home? I guess what you were really trying to say is that youve go

29、t nothing to do these days. In that case, you should use “無所事事” . We usually use “無所不為” to express the idea that people dare to do anything bad, and “無所事事” to describe the situation in which people have got nothing meaningful to do. Have I made myself clear? Anyway, Im amazed at the progress youve m

30、ade. Hope youll find a good job soon. Huahua 【解析】本文題材現(xiàn)實性強,屬于較為保守的提綱式作文,考生只要審好題按照要點去表達即可?!军c評】六年來,湖北卷的寫信人物比較多樣而且有趣:05年是明華給建華寫信,07年是李華(也是學生會主席,跟09天津卷一樣)寫信,08年則改成了一個十分怪異人名卜曼宜,其諧音極似“不滿意”或“not very easy”.而09年搖身一變又改成了華華,看來湖北卷是離不開李華同學的影子了。不過好歹總比卜曼宜好些。本題和04年全國卷I的寫作題類似(外國人學中文,中文歌曲比賽),另外,07年高考語文湖北卷作文題也是以母語為話題的

31、,這三者之間似乎有某種了解。不過,本題對語言本身要求更具體,甚至討論到了成語的用法。應該說,能討論這么細致的漢語問題對于中學生學英語而言是一個很大的刺激或促進。而且,毫不夸張地說,跨語言、跨文化的啟示意義深蘊其間,對其他各卷種的命題思路不無裨益。五、【參考范文】There are many advantages of smiling. It can not only make us happy, but also please others. If we smile at life, life will smile on us in return. So I want to smile at

32、all whenever and wherever possible, First, I would like to smile at my parents because they have given me life and take all the trouble to bring me up. They arrange almost everything for me. With their help, I have made great progress. I would like to say “Thank you” to them with a smile. Then my sm

33、ile should go to myself, for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life. In a word, lets greet every day with a smile. Tomorrow is another day. 【解析】本文為圖畫式作文,做題的關(guān)鍵是-審題,考生要把握如下幾點:文體:說明文。主體時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時。主體人稱:第一人稱。內(nèi)容要點:微笑的優(yōu)點;想對其微笑的人物(父母);對父母微笑的理由;對 自己微笑的理由;

34、總結(jié)?!军c評】本題是一個好的標題作文(05福建卷:My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations)。六年來,福建卷基本上使用的是議論性質(zhì)的寫作文體(04陳說,05、06議論,07、08陳說+議論),09年是一個典型的議論性質(zhì)的文體。話題也非常好,和安徽卷一樣,非常適合中學生表達。但從命題的角度看,寫作難度較高,因為本題的控制方法不是采用漢語提綱形式,而是采用圖文形式,在語言轉(zhuǎn)換上較安徽卷難。從所給范文看,語言難度不高,但思維難度不低??忌梅植灰?。六、【參考范文】Last weekend, I had an interview with eye-doctor Pr

35、ofessor Wang about our country primary and middle students short-sightedness. It is said that slightly more than 50% students, which ranks the No. 1 in the world, are short-sighted. Professor Wang said the reason of short-sightedness is complicated and three is still no cure for short-sightedness. H

36、e suggested that we should not overuse our eyes and do more outdoor exercises. Whats more, since the holding of pen has something to do with the short-sightedness, we need to pay attention to using the pen.【解析】本文題材貼近學生實際生活,這個話題真正的做到“話題來源于學生實際生活”。近視眼是每個校園所必不可少的現(xiàn)象,是學生校園生活得隱形熱點。因此今年的基礎(chǔ)寫作題目讓每個學生都有話可說??忌?/p>

37、要注意三大要點和表格內(nèi)容,恰當表達即可?!军c評】本題話題為近視問題,天津卷曾涉及過(07天津卷:How to Protect Our Eyesight)。但角度有不同。廣東卷側(cè)重的是問題本身的描述,而天津則是強調(diào)的如何保護視力。不過,能有做天津卷的經(jīng)驗,對廣東卷也就不會有難的感覺。更何況廣東卷所給信息非常充分,對于考生而言,剩下的主要是組織句子了。需要特別指出的是,陳說性質(zhì)的文體其核心在于陳述和說明(包括介紹),即講清楚一樁事情。讀寫任務:【參考范文】The passage narrates that koalas who are repeatedly awoken from their de

38、ep sleep are unhappy and complaining for tourists taking photos. The author appeals to us to be more kind to animals.The reasons why tourists like taking photos of the animals in the zoo perhaps vary from people to people. Some think it a happy reminder of their visit to the zoo or the animals, whil

39、e others may consider it just sort of fun to have. But anyway they may not share the deep feelings of the animals.If I were in the same position as the animal in the zoo, my reaction would be very severe strongly against being photographed. No having peaceful surroundings to sleep, dont you suffer r

40、estless and fidgets. No doubt we do and so do the animals.I think it necessary to ban tourists taking pictures with animals, making a comfortable environment for them to live and regarding them as our friends, so as to found harmonious relations with animals.【解析】今年的讀寫任務讓學生就“該不該禁止游客和動物拍照”展開議論。議論文的寫作有

41、助于培養(yǎng)學生正確的價值觀,糾正不正確的價值觀。今年的讀寫任務暗中旨在培養(yǎng)學生保護野生動物的觀念、把多一點的空間還給動物的觀念、與動物和諧共存的觀念。如果考生從“應該禁止游客和動物拍照”這一觀點入手的話就迎合了閱讀材料,同時也能夠受到改卷老師的青睞?!军c評】自2007年廣東卷改革以來,寫作部分的兩個試題在寫作要求上均過于詳細,控制程度很高。尤其是后者,盡管是閱讀后的寫作,但要領(lǐng)已經(jīng)被列出,實際上難度已經(jīng)大大下降。當然,廣東卷這么做的主要目的無外乎便于教師閱卷,收縮考生的思維,不給考生跑題的機會。但是若往深的追問,本題給學生的思維空間并不多,這個值得考量。三年來,廣東卷已經(jīng)在短文寫作上逐漸形成定勢

42、。七、【參考范文】Dear neighbors,We are very happy announce that our community is going to organize an activity for all the community members. Next Saturday, we going to pick apples in a village 20 kilometers away from our town, and all are welcome. We will meet at 8:00 am at the gate, where a blue bus will

43、be waiting. Our outdoor activity will last 3 hours, and well be back at about 11 oclock.If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5:00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.We suggest that you bring with you a hat and a pair of gloves.We are looking forward to your joining us.Community Office【解析】本題命制穩(wěn)健,是中學教學中最為常見的提綱式作文。給出要點學生有話可說。第一步:審題看要求:本題要求以短文的形式寫一封電子郵件,將周末農(nóng)家采摘活動的安排傳

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