內(nèi)染機 key words - power 2012

1、KEY WORDS (1)heat engine熱機External Combustion engine (EC engine)外燃機Internal Combustion engine (IC engine)內(nèi)燃機Fuel燃料Furnace鍋爐heat exchanger換熱器Steam蒸汽cylinder & piston氣缸及活塞Turbine渦輪oxidizing氧化reciprocating IC engine往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機turbomachine渦輪機gas turbine燃?xì)廨啓Cpower動力，功率power density功率密度fuel economy燃油經(jīng)濟性reli

2、ability可靠性pollution污染harmful emissions有害排放noise and vibration噪聲和振動thermal efficiency熱效率power/weight ratio功率/重量比vehicle車輛marine vessel艦船ambient環(huán)境atmospheric大氣的rotation speed發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)injection pump噴油泵turbocharger增壓器Common Rail injection system共軌噴射系統(tǒng)KEY WORDS (2)reciprocating IC engine往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機turbomachine渦輪機

3、diesel engine柴油機gasoline engine汽油機gas engine氣體燃料內(nèi)燃機Compression Ignition engine (CI)壓燃機Spark Ignition engine (SI)點燃機Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine直噴式汽油機Gasoline Port Injection (PFI) engine進(jìn)氣口噴射汽油機inline engine直列式內(nèi)燃機V engineV型radial engine星形opposed engine對置活塞式naturally aspirated engine自然吸氣式內(nèi)燃機

4、supercharged engine增壓內(nèi)燃機turbocharged engine渦輪增壓內(nèi)燃機open chamber開式燃燒室divided chamber分割式燃燒室Direct Injection (DI)直接噴射In-Direct Injection (IDI)間接噴射NOx Nitrogen Oxidation氮氧化物CO Carbon Monoxide一氧化碳HC Hydrocarbon碳?xì)浠衔颬M Particulate Matter微粒Methanol甲醇Ethanol乙醇Methane甲烷LNG Liquefied Natural Gas液化天然氣LPG Liquef

5、ied Petroleum Gas液化石油氣DME Dimethyl Ether二甲基醚piston活塞connecting rod連桿crankshaft曲軸cylinder氣缸liner氣缸套cylinder sleeve氣缸套cylinder head氣缸蓋intake valve進(jìn)氣閥exhaust valve排氣閥combustion chamber燃燒室KEY WORDS (3)Top Dead Center (TDC)上止點Bottom Dead Center (BDC)下止點Stroke (ss沖程cylinder Bore氣缸直徑displacement volume (Vs

6、)氣缸工作容積clearance volume (Vc)氣缸余隙容積total cylinder volume (Va)氣缸總?cè)莘ecompression ratio 壓縮比intake, compression, combustion, exhaust,進(jìn)氣，壓縮，燃燒，排氣fuel-air mixture燃空混合氣premixed combustion預(yù)混合燃燒mixing-controlled combustion擴散燃燒thermal efficiency熱效率rotation speed轉(zhuǎn)速intake/exhaust port進(jìn)氣口blower鼓風(fēng)機（掃氣泵）scavenging p

7、rocess掃氣過程residual gas fraction殘余廢氣系數(shù)KEY WORDS (4)engine block機體cylinder head氣缸蓋cylinder head cover氣缸蓋罩cylinder gasket氣缸墊crankcase機座oil pan油底殼intake/exhaust manifold進(jìn)/排氣歧管weld焊接forge鍛造cast鑄造KEY WORDS (5)strength強度stiffness剛度heat dissipation散熱t(yī)hermal expansion熱膨脹piston head活塞頭部piston skirt活塞裙部nodular

8、 cast iron, steel, aluminum球墨鑄鐵，鋼，鋁lubrication潤滑integral cast piston整體鑄造活塞composite piston組合式活塞cross head十字頭side thrust側(cè)推力unit load單位負(fù)荷inertia load慣性力sliding member滑塊circulation循環(huán)shaker振蕩spray噴濺（冷卻）tin planting鍍錫chrome planting鍍鉻anodizing陽極氧化knurl滾壓KEY WORDS (6)piston ring活塞環(huán)compression/oil ring氣環(huán)/油

9、環(huán)lubricating oil film潤滑油膜piston pin活塞銷fixed pin固定式活塞銷semi/full-floating pin半/全浮式活塞銷connecting rod連桿small/big end連桿小/大端rod body連桿體cap（連桿）大端蓋straight/oblique split直/斜切口forked and blade rod叉形連桿articulated rod關(guān)節(jié)式連桿crankshaft曲軸main bearing journal主軸頸connecting rod journal連桿軸頸crank arm曲臂flywheel飛輪fire ord

10、ering發(fā)火順序balance weight平衡重crank throw曲拐centrifugal force離心力KEY WORDS (7)valve train配氣機構(gòu)intake/exhaust valve進(jìn)/排氣閥charge進(jìn)氣充量camshaft凸輪軸pushrod挺柱（挺桿）rocker arm搖臂valve spring氣閥彈簧valve氣閥overhead camshaft頂置凸輪軸cam-in-block中/底置凸輪軸lobe凸輪valve flutter氣閥跳動spring dampers彈簧阻尼器valve stem氣閥桿alloy steel合金鋼valve sea

11、t氣閥座stellite steel硬合金（鎢鉻鈷合金）vanadium steel釩鋼interference fit過盈配合over load超負(fù)荷uniform/nonuniform均勻/不均勻blowby串氣KEY WORDS (8)valve rotator氣閥旋轉(zhuǎn)器intake and exhaust system進(jìn)排氣系統(tǒng)turbocharging system渦輪增壓系統(tǒng)intake pressure進(jìn)氣壓力ambient pressure環(huán)境壓力atmospheric pressure大氣壓力turbine排氣渦輪Charger壓氣機Exhaust Gas Recircula

12、tion (EGR)廢氣再循環(huán)intercooler中冷器air filter空氣濾清器inlet/outlet進(jìn)口/出口pipe/manifold管/歧管（支管）Aftertreatment后處理器Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)柴油機氧化催化還原deNOxNOx后處理器Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR)選擇性催化還原NOx adsorberNOx吸附Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)柴油機微粒捕集器muffler消聲器three-way catalyst三元催化器KEY WORDS (9)diese

13、l fuel injection system柴油機燃油噴射系統(tǒng)load/speed負(fù)荷/轉(zhuǎn)速fuel-air mixture formation燃空混合氣形成efficiency效率injection pump噴油泵high pressure line高壓油管fuel injector噴油器atomize霧化droplet液滴plunger油泵柱塞common rail fuel injection system共軌噴射系統(tǒng)unit injector泵噴嘴solenoid valve電磁閥gasoline engine fuel supply system汽油機燃油噴射系統(tǒng)homogeneo

14、us/stratified charge均質(zhì)/分層混合氣Single Point Injection (SPI)單點噴射Multi Point Injection (MPI)多點噴射Port Fuel Injection (PFI)進(jìn)氣口噴射in-cylinder injection (GDI, FSI, etc.)缸內(nèi)直接噴射KEY WORDS (10)carburetor化油器venturi throat文丘里管喉口Electronic Control Unit (ECU)控制單元throttle節(jié)氣門oxygen concentration氧氣濃度coolant冷卻介質(zhì)volumetri

15、c efficiency充量系數(shù)stoichiomitric combustion化學(xué)當(dāng)量比燃燒lean/rich mixture稀/濃混合氣spark ignition system火花點火系統(tǒng)electric discharge放電spark plugs火花塞ignition coil點火線圈distributor分電器battery電池voltage電壓primary/secondary coil主/副線圈turn匝數(shù)magnetic field磁場KEY WORDS (11)cooling system冷卻系統(tǒng)heat balance熱平衡thermal distortion, crack熱變形，裂紋thermal stress熱應(yīng)力water/air cooling水冷/空冷open/closed cooling system開/閉式冷卻系統(tǒng)thermostat節(jié)溫器（溫度自動調(diào)節(jié)器）radiator散熱器c