一般現(xiàn)在時的用法

1、般現(xiàn)在時的用法1）表示經(jīng)常的或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的副詞連用。常用的頻度副 詞有：always、often、usually、seldom、never。頻度副詞在句中通常放在行 為動詞之前，系動詞、助動詞之后。例女口 ： He often goes swimming in summer他夏天經(jīng)常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七點離開家。2）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。例如：My father is at work.He is very busy.我父親在工作，他很忙。The boy is twelve.這男孩十二歲

2、。3）表示主語具備的性格、特征和能力等。例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。My sister is always ready to help others .我妹妹總是樂于助人。Ann writes good En glish but does n ot sp eak well.安英語寫得不錯，講的可不 行。4）表示客觀真理，客觀存在，自然現(xiàn)象。例如： The earth moves around the sun.地球繞 xx轉(zhuǎn)動。lies in the east of . xx位于 xx東部。例如：The train leaves at si

3、x tomorrow morning.火車明天上午六點開。6）在復合句中，當主句是一般將來時，時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只 能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來要發(fā)生的動作。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶毠?jié)。鞏固練習:1、Lucy likes going skating with her friends.改寫成否定句 ）2、Aunt Li s son has ten toy be對劃線部分提問）3、His watch costs 300 yuan.變成一般疑問句并否定回

4、答）4、I like being a nurse for the old.變成一般疑問句）5、張叔叔每天乘坐地鐵上班。6、我們每周日常XX小時在圖書館看書。7、我爺爺常常晚飯后出去散步。英語的動詞時態(tài)這一語法現(xiàn)象與我們母語的語法差別較大，學起來也較乏 味。如何教學這些語法，從而使學生更好、更有效地掌握它們，是經(jīng)常困擾教 師的問題。筆者在教學實踐中進行了努力的嘗試和探索，并依據(jù)信息加工的學 習理論，總結(jié)出較為行之有效的 三元”教學法：從 標志”信息輸入著眼，經(jīng)過 概念”思維加工，達成 結(jié)構(gòu)”形式輸出，從而使XX擺脫枯燥的時態(tài)教學，掌握 動詞時態(tài)的規(guī)律，形成有效的語法教學策略。、從 概念.結(jié)構(gòu).標

5、志”三個方面把握動詞時態(tài)概念.結(jié)構(gòu)標志”三個方面是學習一種時態(tài)所必須把握的，三者相互聯(lián)系， 相互制約，共同表述一個完整的時態(tài)含義。概念”清楚地說明了一種時態(tài)的用法。對于概念的把握一定要全面、準確，表述嚴密，如對于一般現(xiàn)在時的用 法，不能只表述為 表示經(jīng)常性或習？F面列舉兩種時態(tài)進行說明。（一）一般現(xiàn)在時1.概念：一般現(xiàn)在時的基本用法有四種。(1)表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，如Mr. Green has two childre n. (2)表 示主語所具備的性格或能力，如Ann enjoys liste ning to theradio. Miss White sp eaks Chi nese very w

6、ell. (3表 示經(jīng)常性、習慣性或反復出現(xiàn)的 動作或狀態(tài)，女口 I usually rest on Sun days. Mr. Brow n always gets up early. LiLei goes to see Un cle Wang once a mon th. (4表 示客觀事實和普遍真理，如 It never snows in Australia in December. Light travels faster tha n sound.2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)在一般情況下用動詞原形，當主語是第三人稱單 數(shù)時，謂語動詞也要相應變成單數(shù)形式，其否定式、疑問式要加助動詞do或

7、does。例如： Miss Gao teaches us English. Does your mother work in a factory?3.標志：一般現(xiàn)在時常與下列表示頻率的副詞或短語連用：always, usually,often, sometimes, seldom, n ever, twice a week, on Sun days等。般現(xiàn)在時1. 概念：經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。2. 時間狀語：Always, usually, ofte n, sometimes, every week (day, year,month ),once a week(day,

8、year, month on Sundays,3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞 原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱 單數(shù)形式）4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are +n ot+其他；此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞, 則在其前加do nt,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does nt，同時還原行為動詞。5.般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人 稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。6.例句：.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Actio n sp eaks louder tha n words.

9、編輯本段般過去時1. 概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、 行為。2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, ni ght, month)，in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upona time, etc.3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式4.否定形式：主語+was/were +no t+其他;在行為動詞前加did nt，同時還原行 為動詞。5.般疑問句：was或w

10、ere放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did提問，同 時還原行為動詞。6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I did nt know you were so busy.編輯本段現(xiàn)在進行時1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。2. 時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. liste n3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be +doi ng +其他4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doi ng+其他5.般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。6.例句： How are you feeli ng today?He

11、is doing well in his less ons.編輯本段四、過去進行時1.概念：表示過去某XX或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞 是一般過去時的時間狀語等。3.基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+was/were +doing +其他4.否定形式：主語 +was/were + not +do in g+其他5.般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。（第一個字母大寫）6.例句： At that time she was working in a PLA unit.Whe n he came

12、 in, I was readi ng a n ews paper.編輯本段五、現(xiàn)在完成時1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已 經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。2.時間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時間點，fo葉 時 間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +p.p （過去分詞）+其他4.否定形式：主語+have/has + not +p.p （過去分詞）+其他5.般疑問句：have或has。6.例

13、句：Ive written an article.The coun tryside has cha nged a lot in the p ast few years.編輯本段八、過去完成時1.概念：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某 動作之前完成的行為，即 過去的過去”2.時間狀語： Before, by the end of last year (term, month),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had + p.p （過去分詞）+其他4.否定形式：主語+had + not +p.p （過去分詞）+其他5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。6.例句： As soon a

14、s we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last mon th. We had reviewed four books基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+p.p （過去分詞）+其他肯定句：主語+ had+p.p （過去分詞）+其他否定句：主語+ had+ not+p.p （過去分詞）+其他一般疑問句：Had+主語+p.p （過去分詞）+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+般疑問句編輯本段七、般將來時1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。2.時間狀語： Tomorrow, n ext day(week, mon

15、th, year by ,the day after tomorrow, etc.),so on, in a few minu tes,3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 +am/is/are +goi ng to + do+其他；主語 +will/shall + do+其他4. 否定形式：主語 +am/is/are not going to do ;主語 +will/shall not do+ 其他5.般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。It is goi ng to rain.編輯本段八、過去將來時1.概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。2.時間狀語:The n

16、ext day (morning, year),the followi ng mon th(week3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 其他4.否定形式:do.主語 +was/were +go ing to + do+其他； 主語 +would/should + do+主語 +was/were/not + going to + do; 主語 +would/should + not +5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。6.例句： He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there .

17、編輯本段九、將來完成時1.概念：在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)2.時間狀語：by the time of; by the end of+ 時間短語（將來）；by the time+從 句（將來）3. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p （過去分詞）+其他4 例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.編輯本段十、現(xiàn)在完成進行時1.概念：表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。這一動作可能剛 剛開始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將

18、來。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +been +doi ng其他3.時間狀語：since+時間點，fo葉時間段等。4. 例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.The childre n have bee n watchi ng TV since six oclock.編輯本段般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時中，延續(xù)性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，瞬間動詞卻 不能。但是，可用別的表達方式：瞬間動詞用于 一段時間+ ago 的一般過去時的句型中；瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應的延續(xù)性動詞及短語，與一段時 間連用；瞬間動詞用于“It is +一段時

19、間+ since + 一般過去時”的句型中，表 示自從以來有時間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;間 動詞用于“Some time has passed since一般過去時”的句型中。請看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has bee n in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has p assed since he joined the League.編輯本段十二、般現(xiàn)在時

20、與現(xiàn)在進行時的轉(zhuǎn)換19 / 18在一般現(xiàn)在時中，at加上名詞表示 處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work （在工作）， at school （上學、上課）等。此短語可與進行時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看：P eter is at work, but Mike is at p lay.P eter is worki ng, but Mike is p layi ng.編輯本段十三、現(xiàn)在進行時與一般將來時的轉(zhuǎn)換The train is leav ing soon.初中英語動詞時態(tài)專項訓練1. He一、用所給詞的適當形式填空:swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)2

21、.ltyou are right. ( seem )3.Look, the childre nbasketball on the p laygro und. ( p lay )4.Heto the radio whe n I came in, ( liste n )5.It is very coldthi nk it.(rain )6. I n eed some paper .Isome for you . ( bring )7.I can t find my pen . Whoit? ( take )9.I didn t meet him. He when I got there. ( le

22、ave )10.I11.Hemy bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )down and bega n to read his n ews paper. ( sit )12.He is not here. Heto the p ost office. (go)13.He is very hun gry. Heany thi ng for three days. ( not eat )14with you if I have time . ( go )15.We will go to the ci nema if ittomorrow . (rai

23、n )17.“ When youthecar ?”“In 1998 .”(buy )18.Wegood friends since we met at school . (be)19.Whatyouat five yesterday afternoon ? (do)20.The bike is n ice . How muchit? (cost)二、選擇最佳答案填空()1.We ll go swimming if the weatherfine tomorrow.A. is B.was C. will be D.is going to be()2tfive years si nee he ha

24、s left for Beiji ng.A. was B. have bee n C.is D.is going to be()3.PIease don t leave the office until your friendback.()4.By the end of last year heabout 1500 English words.A. lear ns B.learned C.was lear ning D.had lear ned()5.Listen ! Someonein the next room .A.cried B.cryi ng C.is crying D.has cr

25、ied()6.You must tell him the news as soon as youhim.A.see B.sees C.will see D.is see ing()7.He told me that heto see us the next day.()8We can t find him any where . P erha ps hehome.()9.The teacher told us that the sun bigger tha n the earth.A. is B. was C. has bee n D.will be()1O.Could you tell me

26、 where the railway station?A. was B. is C. will be D. would be()11.Weto the Great Wall several times.A. go B. were going C. have gone D.have bee n()12.lt seemed that the old manfor something over there.A. looks B. looked C. was look ing D. has looked()13.He was sure that hehis wallet in the office .

27、A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left()14.You must study hard if you want to fail the exam.A. won t B. don t C. haven t D. hadn t()15. I m afraid you can t sit hSrerry , Ik now.A. don t B. won t C. can t D. didn t()16. As shethe newspaper , Grannyasleep.A. read , was falli ng B. fell C. was

28、 read ing , was falli ng D.read , fell()17. my glasses ?Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Had you see n C. Would you see D. Have you see nA. promises (xx) B. promised C. will promise D. had promised()19. Whaf s her name? I.A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotte n D. am forgett

29、ing()2O.Youyour rurn so you ll have to wait.A. will miss B. have missed C. are miss ing D. had missed三、動詞時態(tài)能力綜合測試()1.He ofte nhis clothes on Sun days.A. washi ng B. washes C. has washed D. wash()2m Chinese. Wherefrom?()3.Mayto school.A. n ever walks B. is n ever walki ng C. walk n ever D. n ever is

30、walki ng()4.We will start as soon as our teacher .()5.How long agoplaying football?A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop()6t hard when I left my house .A. is rai ning B. rains C. was raining D. will rain()7think this questionto answer.A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D.

31、 will easy()8. Don t talk so loudly . Your fatherA. slee ps B. is slee ping C. sle pt D. had sle pt()9.How many people does the doctor know whoof the disease 疾病)?A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies()10.Imy homework now.A. finish B. fini shed C. have fini shed D. had fini shed()ll.ltte n yea

32、rs si nee his father died.A. is B. was C. had bee n D. will be()12.Hefor three years.A. has joined B. has bee n in the army C. joi ned D. has served the army()13.His grandfatherfor thirty years.A. died B. was dead C. has bee n dead D. has died()14.I from my brother for a long time.A. not have heard

33、B. have not heard C. have heard not D. do not hear()15.Maths , one of the most important subjectsalways interested him.A. has B. have C. are D. is()16.Did your brother go to America last year?A. No , he did n ever go there B. No , he has n ever gone hereC. No , he never was there D. No , he; never b

34、een there()17.He that factory si nee 1958.()18.Since ten years ago great changesin China.A. happened B. have bee n happened C. have happened D. are take n p lace()19.Our teacherto Beijing three times.A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has bee n()20.lt s the third time you late this week.A. had arriv

35、ed B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive()21. the film since I came here.A. I ve seen B. I will see C. I would see D. I see()22.Last week Johnhis leg.A. felt and broke n B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. falle n and broke n()23.Jackhis thick coat because it was snowing.A. puts on B. put on C.

36、takes on D. took on()24.Hethe picture on the wall.A. han ged B. hung C. has han ged D. was han ged()25.Next monthtwenty five.A. has my sister B. my sister will beC. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be()26.Youher again in a few weeks.A. will see B. have see n C. had see n D. have bee n s

37、ee n()27.My parentsme to be a doctor.A. hoped B. wan ted C. decided D. withes()28.Ithard when we left.A. is rai ning B. has rained C. rained D. was raining()29. By the end of last term weEnglish for two years.A. have studied B. have bee n studied C. would studied D. had studied()30.She said that she

38、 there for five years .A. has worked B. had worked C. was worki ng D. worked()31.Mrs Brownin New York for three years before she went to London.A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live()32.When we arrived , the dinner.A. already bega n B. has already beg un C. had already beg un D. was just b

39、egu n()33.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I my exams.A. will finish B. finish C. fini shi ng D. fini shed)34.When, I II talk to him.)35.My sisterto see me . She ll be here soon.)36.They said theyour answer the next day .A. had heard B. would hear of C. would hear D. will hear()37.The old m

40、an said that lightfaster than sound.A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travelt know , were()38.Oh, dear Xiao Hong . I you in Sheyang.A. don t know , are B. didnC. did n t know , are D. don w , ha vet been()39.Is John going away?t get it.I thi nk so . He for a better job, but he did nA. had hoped

41、B. was hoped C. hoping D. had hopeA. leave B. left C. will leave D. leaves()41.Well , here I am at last.Good ! Iworried .A. was ,that you wouldn t be back on time B. is , that you would be back on timeC. is , so you d be back on time D. was ,是否heoU wouldn t be back on time般疑問句和特殊疑問句1、問句.般疑問句的定義：對于只用

42、 Yes或No來回答的疑問句我們叫一般疑2、特殊疑問句的定義：對句子當中某一部分內(nèi)容的提問我們要用特殊疑 問句，比如問時間用When 或者 what time 問地點用 where.這里我們主要學習特殊疑問句的用法3、特殊問句的用法：特殊問句是由 疑問詞+ 一般疑問句組成，那么在 我們使用特殊問句時，要先選好疑問詞，特殊疑問詞有很多，需要長期積累。例如：I want to go to sleep now.如果對go to sleep提問，那么我們應該問 你想要做什么，首先應選擇疑問詞 what ,再將剩下的句子變?yōu)橐话銌柧浼纯?What do you want to do ?、選擇正確的單詞填

43、空 (who, where, whe n)are Jack and Tom? They are1. is that p retty girl? She is my sister. 2.beh ind you.3.do you go to school? I go to school from Mon day to Friday. 4.hasa beautiful flower? Joh n has a beautiful flower. 5.are they? They are myparen ts. 6.is my mother? She is in the livi ng room.7. are you going? We are going to the bakery面 包坊）.8.do Jim andWendy p lay ball? They p lay ball in the after noon. 9.does he jog? He jogs in thep ark. 10.are you from? rm from Chan gch un city.二、就畫線部分提問1.He is my father.2. They are un der the tree.3.I often wa