1_OSPF路由協(xié)議試驗分析

1、計算機網(wǎng)絡實驗報告【實驗要求】重要信息信息需給出截圖,注意實驗步驟的前后對比。1 .實驗報告如有雷同，雷同各方當次實驗成績均以0分計。2 .當次小組成員成績只計學號、姓名登錄在下表中的。0分計。3 .在規(guī)定時間內未上交實驗報告的，不得以其他方式補交，當次成績按4 .實驗報告文件以PDF格式提交?！緦嶒災康摹空莆誒SP刖議單區(qū)域的配置和使用方法?！緦嶒瀮热荨?1)完成路由器配置實驗實例4-3 (P155)的“ OSP印區(qū)域配置”，回答步驟0、步驟8問題。(2)在(1)的基礎上每臺路由器上各加入一臺電腦，畫出新拓撲，然后：(a)檢查任意兩個PC之間是否可以Ping通，對一臺主機 ping其它主機的

2、結果進行截屏。(b)采用#depug ip ospf顯示上面OSPF協(xié)議的運行情況，觀察并保存 R1發(fā)送和接收的 Update 分組(可以改變鏈路狀態(tài)來觸發(fā) )，注意其中LSA類型；觀察有無224.0.0.5、224.0.0.6 IP 地址，如有說明這兩地址的作用。(c)顯示并記錄路由器 R1數(shù)據(jù)庫的Router LSA, Network LSA , LS數(shù)據(jù)庫信息匯總# show ip ospf database router! 顯示 router LSA# show ip ospf database network! 顯示 network LSA# show ip ospf databas

3、e database!顯示 OSPF鏈路狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫信息。(d)顯示并記錄鄰居狀態(tài)。# show ip ospf neighbor(e)顯示并記錄R1的所有接口信息#show ip ospf interface 接 口名【實驗記錄】(如有實驗拓撲請自行畫出)(1)完成路由器配置實驗實例4-3 (P155)的OSPF單區(qū)域配置”，回答步驟0、步驟8問題。實驗拓撲圖:中山天擘計算機網(wǎng)絡實驗報告192.168.1,0/24 RoutErlVLAN192.168. 2. 0/24192.163.3. 0/24F0/1VLWI 50192. L6S. 3. LVLAN 10:192.168.1.2VLAN

4、 50:192,168. 5.1PCI192.168. 5.11PC2192.168. 3.22步驟0:(1)按拓撲圖，配置 PC1和PC2的IP、掩碼、網(wǎng)關，測試它們的連通性。H o o- o n 一1 f、丁二： 1 DM _nT nn ftt p超超超超 在正請請請請.3.22具有32子節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù);C = MJsers403 ping 192,168.22192.168.3.22的Ping統(tǒng)計信息獗據(jù)包:已發(fā)送-%已期& = 0,丟失=4 ioutc print接口列表18.3c46M35a2e8TP-L1NK 300Mbps Wireless N Adapter14_ .,5B49flc

5、le06Reltelecxed, vlan lqC192.168,1.2/32 local hfiSC.192.168.5.0/24 is directly connHected, VLAN 50C12.16Bu 5-1/32 is local tost.13-S575D-lDfi-c 31 14 l47l4E: SOPF-5-ADHiG! Process lp Nbr 192.168. 2 1-VilAM 10 from bobbin to Init B jHelloRecel ved,31 14：47：53： %O5FF-5-ADXHG： process 1T 曲192.16Br2B1-v

6、la 10 from Loadlng to Full P LoacHngoom.步驟2：路由器 Routeri的基本配置。13-RSR20-lenable 14Password:ll-RSR20-l#config terminalEnter configuration commandsr one per line. End with cmtl/Z.13-RSR20-1 (config)#! nt erf ace gi gab it ether netO/113-RSR20-lCconfig-if-GigabitEthernet 0/l)#S2.16B.141 255.2554255.015-R

7、SR20-l(config-if-Gi gab-it Ether net 0/l)no shutdown13-RSR2O-l(config-if-Gigab-it Ether net 0/l)#exit13-RSR20-1 (config)#interface ser 1 al2/013-R5R20-lCcQnfig-if-serial 2/0)ip address 192*160*2.1 255*255.25S*O ll-RSR20-l(config-1f-Serial 2/0)#no shutdown 13-RSR2O-l(config-if-serial 2/0)| 步驟3:路由器 Ro

8、uter2的基本配置。13-R5R202enable 14Pas.woir ri .13-RSR20-2#conf1g terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with cntl/Z.13-RSR20-2(config)#interface gigaO/113-RSR20-2Cconfig-1f-GlgabitEthernet 。/1)祥52.168.3.1 2554255.255.013-R5R20-2(config-if-GigabitEthernet 0/1)#no shutdown13-RSR2O-2(conf-j

9、g-if-GigabitEthernet 0/l)#exi t13-R5R20-2(config)#interface scrial2/0L3-RSR20-2(config-if-serial 2/0)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255*255.013-R5R20-2(conf ig-if-Seri al 2,0#n。shutdownl3-RSR20-2(conf1g-if-serial 2/0)#|步驟4:配置 OSPF路由協(xié)、議。S3550配置OSPF。13-55750-1(config)#router ospf 113-s5750lCconfig-router

10、)#network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 013-S5750-I(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 O.O.O.255 area 0 13-55750-1(conf1g-router)#end1ui r * - i . 4j r .r ： .- _ _ _ . I步驟 5: Routeri 配置 OSPF。中山大擘、工3工門L計算機網(wǎng)13-RSR20-ltcontigJ#router ospt 113-RSR2O-1(config-router)#network 192.168.1,0 0.0.0,255 area 。13-

11、R5R20 -1 (conf i g- r out er ) #net v.or k 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 013-RSR2O-1(config-router)#*Dec 31 23:31:28: %0SPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.S.1-GiqabitEthernet 0/1 from Down to 工nit, HelloReceived.*Dec 31 23:31:28: 36OSPF-S-ADJCHG： Process 1. Nbr 192.168.5.1-GigabirEthernet 0/1 from Lo

12、ading to Full, LoadingDone.13-RSR2O-1(config-rout er)*end.步驟 6: Router2 配置 OSPF。13-R5R202Cconfig-1f-Serial 2/0)#router ospf 113R5R20-2(config-router)network 192.168.2,0 0.0.0.255 area 013-RSR20-2(conf1g-router)#network 192.16S4 3.0 0,04 0.25 5 area 0l3-RSR20-2tconff1a-rouTer5#end步驟7:查看驗證3臺路由設備的路由表是否

13、自動學習了其他網(wǎng)段的路由信息，請注意 O項。交換機:Codes: C - connectedf S - stallc, ft - RIP, B - EGP o - QSPF, ia . ospf irrter areaN1 - ospf nssa external type 1N2 - ospf nssa externalEl - OSPF external type 1, EZ - OSPF external type 2i - 1S-IST 5li - 1S-1S summary, Ll - IS-IS level -lr l2 - ia - T5-IS inter area, * * c

14、andidate defaulttype 2IS-IS 1evel-2Gateway of last resort is no setC 192.16S+1-0/24 is directly conneciedt vlan 10C 192.2f32 local host.192. l&d. N.Q 24192.16吼 M.Q 24192.16a.5.0 24192.168,5.1/32110/51 vU 192.1G8,!. 1, 00:02:17, L AS 10110 z52 via 192.16B.1,1, DO；O0：30t VLAS 10 is dirtctly connected,

15、 vlan SO is local host.分析路由表，表中有 O條目嗎？是怎么產生的？【分析】表中有 O條目，交換機通過對它配置OSPF協(xié)議學習到從 VLAN10 ,通過下一跳為192.168.1.1可以到達環(huán)回地址為192.168.2.0/24(Router2)。的主機（Routeri）,再至U達 192.168.3.0/24的主機Routeri ：13-RSR20-l#show ip routecodes: c - connected, s - static, r - ripf e - bgp o - OSPF, IA - OSPF Inter areaN1 - ospf nssa e

16、xternal type 1, N2 - ospf nssa external type 2El - ospf external type 1, E2 - ospf external type 21 - IS-I5, su - is-is summary, Ll - is-is level-1( L2 - is-is level-2 ia - is-is inter area, * - candidate defaultGareway of last resortC1924168.1.0/24 isC1924168.1,1/32 isis no setdirectly connected, G

17、igabitEthernet 0/1 local host *c c o0192.168.2.0/24 1192.16S.2.1/32192.160.3.0/24192.168. 5.0/24 13*RSR20-l#Js directly connected, seri al 2/0s local host.110/51 via 192.16B.2.2, 00:00:58, Serial 2/De11D/2 via 192.168.1.2, 00:02:47, GigabitETherner 0/1分析路由表，表中有 O條目嗎？是怎么產生的?【分析】 表中有 O條目，Router1通過對它配置

18、 OSPF協(xié)議學習到從 Serial 2/0,通過下一跳為 192.168.2.2可以到達環(huán)回地址為 192.168.3.0/24的主機（Router2）,通過下一跳為 192.168.1.2再到達192.168.5.0/24 的主機。計算機網(wǎng)絡實驗報告中山K孽Router2 :13-RSR20-2#show ip route11 a c o N E11- connected, s - stafi c, R - rip( B - egp- OSPF* 1A - OSPF inter area- OSPF NSSA external type 1, n2 - OSPF N5SA external

19、 type 2- OSPF external type 1, E2 OSPF external type 2-is-is, su - I5-IS summary, LI - is-is level-1. L2 - is-is level-2Gateway of last resort is no set192.168.1.0/24192.168.2.0/24192.168.2.2/32192.168.3.0/241924168.3.1/32193168. 5.0413-RSR20-2#1- is-is inter area. * - candidate default 110/51 via 1

20、92.168,2.1, 00:00:20, Serial 2/0 1s directly connected, serial 2/0 is local host.15 directly connected5 GigabitEthernet 0./1 is 1ocal host.110/52 via 192.16B.2.1P 00:00:20, Serial 2/0 分析路由表，表中有 O條目嗎？是怎么產生的 ？【分析】 表中有 O條目，Router2通過對它配置 OSPF協(xié)議學習到從 Serial 2/0,通過下一跳為 192.168.2.1可以到達環(huán)回地址為192.168.1.0/24的網(wǎng)段

21、，從Serial 2/0通過下一跳為192.168.2.1再到達192.168.5.0/24 的網(wǎng)段。步驟8:測試網(wǎng)絡的連通性。(1)將此時路由表與步驟0的路由表比較，有什么結論？答：步驟0中的路由表為空，因為此時還沒有對路由器進行配置。而此時的路由表出現(xiàn)了 “C”條目和“ O條目”，“C”條目顯示了網(wǎng)絡設備直連的網(wǎng)段和端口地址，而“ O”條目，表示設備的直 連網(wǎng)段運用OSPF協(xié)議建立起了基于 OSPF協(xié)議原理的路由轉發(fā)路徑。(2)執(zhí)行命令 tracert PC1 (或 PC2)。PC1 tracert PC2,完成跟蹤：C： Misers XB403 tracert 192rl68 a3-2

22、2通過最多30個躍點跟尊到 I (192,168*3.221 的路由二11 毫秒1 毫秒1 毫秒 192.168.5.121 量制？1 量制？UttrtMxOOrMxGttxMxOUxCKiKM:GOx曲19 Jr25Z510Q192r 1665.1.192.1.51.11ICMF12D Desinadffliira-eachabl ei (porr unre-achah&l20 7.2?DblZ0D 192.14E. 5.111-.1NBhS92 Njuic query NB.5TA.T 臺k口口aM+Maw加觀血口口下必予立吱血噸的k口口血21 7.27160000 192.166-5.1

23、.11ICMP170 nesi: 1iia0l CL 5O5PF76 Hei IoFMJeet2-1 11.J892-1SQ192.168.5.11192,1,3= 22ICHP106 chc (ping) request UkOOTI , 5eq-52/fllSS .(no response25 11.上觸上SOL魁.16g.l.L.11ICMPTi me-tnTTveC-XCEeded -(Tine to live exceede-dintransit312 11. Z9KM280192.166.5.11192.1,3.22icmp106 Echo (ping) request Id-Ox

24、ODOl, 螞芋3/附4匹. r(l-2 (to response foun(f!j1.：!.自口 192-16口_n . 1.皿：.ll工亡HP丁調口-七口下lCbxc:ctNind (Ti前tnliWi s耳匚c#dadTntrnEjit25 11. 2911350 192168. 5.11192.1.1.22ICMP106 Echo (ping】 request 1(1-0x0001, seq-J4./B704 . Lt 1*2廣4加旭色白口的紇219 11.Z91557D192rl6B.1.ig心16心兀iiKHP1WTdBe！-tQ-rl vetxceiMeid TinegliVfl

25、intransit)ao 11. 2924220 192.5.11192.15,1.1NBNS92 Nine query NB5-TAT *DtocMkcM31 11,29imD19Z.16B.l.IflZ.lfiB.S.llICMP120 DCsrinaciGnunreachable：(porr unre-achifrle)|32 13”也片皿T$口 192.14E. i. 13TCFtiCTCP RctransnissiDn222 b-ED JSVhJlScq-J3ugl 英 Lisn-ClM55-L4bO ta-4 ACC_PERN-1 |33 14.50 192L168. 5.11l$

26、2.i-8.1.1NDMS92 wane query nbstat JQQrgrMKOOxOOxQCirgKMK&OxOOxOaxKxMxOOxOO.A134 14. 7QBHB6Dls 1ig7.ica. kii,ICMPize D#stin9iEiCHnunrfiachiahle(Port unra-acha.hlfl)3 5 17. 2942260 1S2.166. 5.111.1NBIMS92 Nanfr query NB5TAT *-cOO-cOOOOxOOXk強 17.Z9KKJ8Q 192r 168.1.1192,1,5=11KHP1Z0 oesTinadonnreacha&ie

27、1 (Pori unre-achiiji37 1.211293:0 SG： E5:4:e：ad:41M:la:a9:lM: S6:17ARP42 taho kis.Tell11l.a.23JO18Ci00：la：a：0S：;5&：1750：e5 ：49：；&e ：3id：4SARF60 19Z.163.5.1IS a (K)sLa：iLg：Da.：56:171m 白 1勺.右白，三10口 nq2.：i6B；ririAIM IM mTCPeaTP RiFTrmnijni與sHdFT2235-EDSVhin-日iq? L 盼n-“H_PCRW-：1|40 2也 99典04 cl 192 1百民 5

28、.1224.0,0.5QSFF78 Hei 1Q F3H虹41 21.04 5960192.1,5.11亂表KNP1D6 Echo (ping) request ixDWl,八電百D, tlive exLcedinLirarmt1143 21. 1376090192166, 5.LL192,15.5. 22ICHP106 cho (ping) requesi: id-OsOWl. seq-36192161 rcl-3 (no resjMnse found!)|44 .11.37-DiaAD L92.14G. J. 2ICHPimIt ne t 1 iVCCKCCC-ECdTimetolive

29、Exceededintransit)4 5 31.37O6620iS2.i66a5.iil192.15.5.22icup106 Echo (ping) requesi: Id-flxOOOl., seq-37/94721 r(U3 (no response foundi!)I4C 31,4D3O3QD 17.lfiB.M, 2tif7.ica, .11KNPJ.14TinR-tg-l 1 veD-XCBMltaid (TinetoI1V4 iPXCdDi,intrjn5itl47 21. 402240 192.166. 5,11192.15.3.2NBXS92qury NBS.TAT JMrg

30、zAMxDOxOOxMijMxjMxWxOOxMKflQxXKkq&xCK43 21.43220 JO 192P lea,2.Z1h18.5.11ICHP1TQ 04511nationnreacha&le(Par7 unre-achatjle)4-9 24. 4.215dOD 192.l6S. 5. LL192.1*65. J.2N日內032query NB5TAT1 Mi14,&$g】了即19.1例-了FTTUFTTlWmnwJ12cl DPKfinatiqn unrchahlprtlITgJirblRqll.：j51 27.4216200192.l&B. 5i.ll192.166. 2.

31、2楊LE92 Na*i query NBSTAT *0:00-:00:001 -! 27.4 SOijfilO 192a 12.2192.160.5.11ICFP120 Desrlfijrian unr-eachatle(fotc unr頓西曲M：i1K 29,駟哪7M。我，l&B, 5224.0.0,5。$陣了E nel 1 o Packer1S431 r 311gl，百田 1 0F -1 / 3-11 1孑？RMEcho(ping)才空t-id-axODQl,節(jié)叫品弓/年丁/昌,tt 1-4 (rqply in$551.41&5192.l&S- i. 12192.16S. 5.11ICJP

32、106EchaCping)replyid-41x4KHl,鳥叫珥/貝2&ttl-filrequestin 54)5fi31. 41&9310192.i&. 5.11192.169.3.22ICFF1CEcho(ping)Id-aKflMl.seq39/9984 ,cil-4 (repl 11157)5731.1479720-192.l&B, 3,22192,160,5.11IOP106Eclw(ping)rplyId-OwOOfll ,5139/9W .Ttl61 (西曜占IC1n 56)、日 S1P44B42D19.1M- -111重。日，工？?ICFPIMEcho (ping) rquti

33、d-OxODgi f5qTI/lE4*W17 (rtfily in19- 314773S7ftl92.1&a. J.22192.168. 5 11ICP106EEhft (ping) replySiMMKHL,-40/10240,TE1-61 (request$陰6031. 478020192.164 511192.168. 3.22M5M592 Nftuequery NISTAT FDOrOOxflQnOOxOdrCHfcrCfflxOflxOOxOOxOOKDOrDOrKIxSQ6131P52J2W0 192,l&Br 3,22192.16B, 5.11/然253 NBLNd收y rtsp

34、oree HSSTATA2 靠J2解的DlftZ.lM/.JiTCP我SYNj 5N白 1電之 Lan-D MS5-14MEACK.KRH-16331,7D5a5O192,1&B-I_22152.168. 5.111EP106 ECM(pir) WwHl *idGx00011 ieq-i3/107S2, TE1-1 廣可ly 1rt 64)64.33. 70676(H92.1&BJ 5811192.16B. 3.22ICFF106Edw(ping)r-eplyId-OxflOai.seq-42/10752,nzl-64 (rquesiIn 63J6533PM?9Q152,16B, 3,2219

35、2.16B. 5.11ICpPIMEcho(ping)電*escid-OxflOOl,ttll (reply in&6)66 mUDO使Bl銀1銀.1 咐冷？工EP1M Echoping) rplyid-axCHX1.,ftqT3/lltKI&, (rfiqurst im43)6793393170192.1&8- 3.22192.168. 5.11ICP106EChO(ping)更GuHtSdMMML,q-44/H264,I El-1 廣中1翼 1rt&8)6B3I丸解驅射m92&IL t11192.160.3. 2?ICPF106Echo(ping)r-eplyId-aKflOOl,seq-

36、44/1126JiiTXl-64 針電Questin 67)69- 33PM79&5Q 192,166. 3,Z219& 16B,5.11-貝 Nbihquery hKTaT丁0 3J.12.S_ 111中2.16肌品上2hkS253 Manequery riparEsa-hBETAT71 35.722552& 1-166.5.11106.12*. 167.；TCP3gRttran&niss1由,7內曰:1l51Mj &ei0前A&zL生f Lfirt-0MS 5-biU 5ACK_PERM-1計算機網(wǎng)絡實驗報告答：從圖中可以看出，抓取到的包路徑與tracert時顯示的路徑是一致的。(4)抓取

37、數(shù)據(jù)包，分析 OSPF頭部結構。PC1 ping PC2 時抓包：1 -192461.5,11192,1 轉32210* Echff(pin|)01eM icMxWi,seqW14592rttl*64(ncpljjF in 22 口192.1,3.22192.168.11ICfPa Echo(pd嘲 reply 同電戰(zhàn)風Bq-57/14592pttl-fil(request in 1)3 -1924,5.11硼USA 乳虱ICI*=EM(ping) request acMsW3?網(wǎng)徹14W.ttl-64(reply in 4)4 -192A6B.3.22192.163.5.11ICfP. Ec

38、ho(pinf) reply Ad=0xBWl惻學14M&Fttlsfil(request in 3)5 E皿癡瞠%配機弓C6PFL HcllQi PuzkEt6 -192胡511192.163.3.22ICMP-Etha(ping) rsptit 旬W葡晤9%叫電心嗎t(yī)tl=64reply in 7? .19 168,3,蛭192.1&S.5.11tw-Echo【他唱replyseq-5/15ie4Httl-61(request in 6)B -192.166.5.11皿J通式器ICM?. Echo(pifig) ntque&t id=4xlK悔5明二疆,15北瓦ttl=64reply in

39、 919 -192.1.3.2219NJ戰(zhàn),511ICfF Echoping reply id-flxawiB5Eq-6e/153fr9H(request in B)IB .Gi 臚枇:le: BfiFujiBnnu_157:eAAP_ Uho 11 驅 112.168.54 Tell 1 鞭.UBSH11 .FujianRu_15:57:e36ifia-Byt_Bc:le:iWP.1期皿5ii at 5日；解:配：15：5心目12 B192 4. 5 41U2.1HJ2553_ BKqp?ry神$謂T,劭嫡帆葡OSPF數(shù)據(jù)包：【分析】OSPF版本號：2報文類型：Hello Packet (1

40、)分組長度：44報文源路由器：192.168.5.1區(qū)域 ID : 0.0.0.0校驗和：0x714b (正確)認證類型：Null數(shù)據(jù)：(none) T產”孽計算機網(wǎng)絡實驗報告Ethernet II, Src : Fu jianRu_15:S7:e3 (58:69:6c:IS:57:e3), Dst: IPv4mcast_05 (01:&0:Se:&0:09:0S) Internet Protocol Version 4 Src: 192.168.S.1 (192.168,5-1)j Dst： 224.0.0.5 (224.0.0.5) Open Shortest Path First-OSPF HeaderVersion: 2Message Type: Hello Packet (1)Packet Length: 44Source OSPF Router: 192,168.5.1 (192.168-5.1)Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0a 0.0.0) (Backbone)Checksuiii: 0x714b correctAuth Type: Null (0)Au th Data (none) : 000H20000flH0O000 OSPF Hello PacketNetwork Mask: 255255