12月英語四級真題名師解析配套視頻

1、1 / 102016年12月英語四級真題名師解析配套視頻2016年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(第3套)Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have twooptionsupon graduation: one is to work in a state-owned business and the other in ajoint venture. You are tomake a choice between t

2、he two. Write an essay to explain thereasons for your choice.You should writeat least 120 words but no more than 180words.b5E2RGbCAPPart IIListening Comprehension(25 minutes)說明：由于2016年12月四級考試全國共考了2套聽力，本套真題聽力與前2套內(nèi)容完全 一樣，只是順序不一樣，因此在本套真題中不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。p1EanqFDPwPart川Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section AD

3、irections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordforeach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage throughcarefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mar

4、k thecorresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may notuse any of the words in thebank more than once.DXDiTa9E3dQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the followingpassage.RTCrpUDGiTMany men and women have long bought into the idea that there are male and

5、 femalebrains,believing that explains just about every difference between the sexes. A new study26thatbelief,questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender.5PCzVD7HxAIn the study, Tel Aviv University researchers27for sex differences throughout the entirehuman brain.jLBHrnAILgAnd wh

6、at did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for28brains as male orfemale,research shows that brains fall into a wide range, with most people falling right in themiddle.xHAQX74J0XDaphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based29,many different

7、 types of brain cant always be distinguished by gender.LDAYtRyKfEWhile the average male and average female brains were30different, you couldnt tell itby looking atindividual brain scans. Only a small31of people had all-male or all-femalecharacteristics.Zzz6ZB2LtkLarry Cahill, an American neuroscient

8、ist (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家), said the study is an important addition toagrowing body of research questioning32beliefs about gender and brain function. But hecautionedagainst concluding from this study that all brains are the same,33of gender.dvzfvkwMI1Theres a mountain of evidence34the importance of sex influences

9、at all levels of brainfunction, he toldThe Seattle Times.rqyn14ZNXIIf anything, he said, the study35that gender plays a very important role in the brain- evenwhen we arenot clear exactly how. EmxvxOtOcoA.abnormalB.applied2 / 10C.brieflyD.categorizingE.challengesF.figureG.percentageH.provingI.regardl

10、essJ.searchedK.similaritiesL.slightlyM.suggestsN. tastes0.traditionalSection BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphsIdentify the paragraphfrom whichthe information is derivedYou m

11、ay choose a paragraph more than onceEach paragraph is markedwith a letterAnswer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2SixE2yXPq5Can Burglars Jam Your Wireless Security System?A.Any product that promises to protect yourhome deserves careful examinationSo it isnt surprising

12、 thatyou11 find plenty of strong opinionsabout the potential vulnerabilities of popular homesecurity systems.B.The most likely type ofburglary（人室盜竊）by far is the unsophisticated crime of opportunity，usuallyinvolving a brokenwindow or some forced entryAccording to the FB1crimes like these accounted f

13、orroughly twothirdsof all household burglaries in the US in 2013The wide majority of the rest were illegalunforced entriesthat resulted from something like a window being left openThe odds of a criminal usingtechnicalmeans to bypass a security system are so small that the FBI doesnt even track those

14、 statistics6ewMyirQFLC. One of the main theoretical homesecurity concerns is whether or not a given system isvulnerable to beingblocked from working altogetherWith wired setups，the fear is that a burglar（人室盜賊）might be ableto shut your system down simply by cutting the right cableWitha wireless setup

15、you stick batterypowered sensors up around your home that keep an eye onwindows。doors，motion，and moreIf theydetect something wrong while the system is armedtheylltransmit a wireless aleft signal to a base station that will then raise the alarmThat approach willeliminate most cordcutting concerns-but

16、 what abouttheir wireless equivalent，jamming?with thefight device tuned to the fight frequency，whats to stop athief from jammingyour setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?kavU42VRUsD. Jamming concerns are nothing new，and theyre not unique to security systemsAny dev

17、ice3 / 10thats built toreceive a wireless signal at a specific frequency can be overwhelmed by a stronger signalcoming in on thesame frequencyFor comparison1ets say you wanted to“jam”a conversationbetween two people-allyoud need to do is yell in the listeners eary6v3ALoS89E) Security devices are req

18、uired to list the frequencies they broadcast onmat means that a potentialthief canfind what they need to know with minimal GooglingThey willhoweverneed to know whatsystemtheyre looking forIf you have a sign in your yard declaring what setup you use，thatd pointthem in theright direction，though at tha

19、t point，were talking about a highly targeted，semisophisticated attack，andnot the sort of forcedentry attack that makes up the majority ofburglariesIts easier to find and acquirejamming equipment for some frequencies than it is forothersM2ub6vSTnPF)Wireless security providers will often take steps to

20、 help combat the threat of jammingattacksSimpliSafe，winner of our EditorsChoice distinctionutilizes a special system thatscapable of separating incidental RFinterference from targeted jamming attacksWhen the systemthinks its being jammed，itll notify you viapush alert(推送警報(bào))From there，its up to you to

21、sound the alarm manually0YujCfmUCwG)SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming，complete with a video showing theentiresystem being effectively bypassed with handheld jamming equipmentAfter taking appropriatemeasures tocontain the RF interference to our test lab，we tested the attack

22、out for ourselves，andwere able to verify that its possible with the right equipmentHoweverwe also verified thatSimpliSafes anti-jammingsystem worksIt caught us in the act，sent an alert to my smartphone，and also listed our RF interferenceon the systems event logThe team behind the article and videoin

23、 question make no mention of thesystem，or whether or not it detected themeUts8ZQVRdH)We like the unique nature of that softwareIt means that a thief likely wouldntbe able to Googlehow thesystem worksthen figure out a way around itEven if they could，SimpliSafe claims thatits system isalways evolving，

24、and that it varies slightly from system to system，which means therewouldnt be auniversal magic formula for cracking itOther systems also seem confident on thesubject of jammingTheteam at Frontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site，citing their ownjam protection software andclaiming that the

25、re arent any documented cases of a successful jam attacksince the company began offeringwireless security sensors in the l980ssQsAEJkW5TI)Jamming attacks are absolutely possibleAs said beforewith the fight equipment and the rightknowhow，its possible to jam any wireless transmissionBut how probable i

26、s it that someone willsuccessfully jam their way into your home and steal your stuff?GMsIasNXkAJ)Lets imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup that offers a functionalantijamming systemFirst，a thief is going to need to target your home，specificallyThen，hes going to needto

27、 know the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipmentnecessary for jamming yourspecific setupPresumably，you keep your doors locked at night and whileyoure away，so the thief willstill need to break inThat means defeating the lock somehow，orbreaking a windowHe11 need to be jamm

28、ing you at this point，as a broken window or opened doorwould normally release the alarmS0，too，would the motion detectors in your home，so thethief will need to continue jamming once hes inside andsearching for things tostealHoweverhe11 need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system，thedetails

29、 of whichhe almost certainly does not have access toTIrRGchYzg4 / 10K)At the end of the day，these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sortofopportunistic smashandgrab attack that makes up the majority of burglariesTheyre also onlya singlelayer in what should ideally be a m

30、anysided approach to securing your home，one thatincludes commonsense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighting at nightNo system isimpenetrable，and none canpromise to eliminate the worst case completelyEvery one of them hasvulnerabilities that a knowledgeablethief could theoretically expl

31、oitA good system is one that keepsthat worstcase setting as improbable aspossible while also offering strong protection in the event ofa less-extraordinary attack7EqZcWLZNX36It is possible for burglars to make jamming attacks with thenecessary equipment and skill37Interfering with a wireless securit

32、y system is similar to interferingwith a conversationlzq7IGf02E38A burglar has to continuously jam the wireless security device to avoid triggering the alarm，bothinside and outside the housezvpgeqJ1hk39SimpliSafe provides devices that are able to distinguish incidental radio interference from target

33、edjamming attacksNrpoJac3v140Only a very small proportion of burglaries are committed by technical means1nowfTG4KI41Itis difficult to crack SimpliSafe as its system keeps changingfjnFLDa5Zo42Wireless devices willtransmit signals so as to activate the alarm once something wrong is detectedtfnNhnE6e54

34、3Different measures should be taken to protect ones home from burglary in addition to the wirelesssecurity systemHbmVN777sL44SimpliSafes device can send a warning to the house owners cellphoneV7l4jRB8Hs45Burglars can easily get a security devices frequency by Internet search83lcPA59W9Section CDirect

35、ions：There are 2 passages in this sectionEach passage is followed by some questionsorunfinished statementsFor each of them there arefour choices marked A，B，CandDYou shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line throughthe centremZkklkzaaPPassag

36、e OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based oil the following passageAVktR43bpwAs a person who writes about food and drink for a living。I couldnt tell you the first thing aboutBillPerry or whether the beers he sells are that greatBut I can tell you that I like this guyThatsbecausehe plans to ban tipping in fa

37、vor of paying his servers an actual living wageORjBnOwcEdI hate tippingI hate it because itsan obligation disguised as an optionI hate it for the postdinner math itrequires of meBut mostlyI hate tipping because I believe l would be in a better place if paydecisionsregarding employees were simply lef

38、t up to their employers，as is the custom in virtually everyotherindustry2MiJTy0dTTMost of you probably think that you hate tipping，tooResearch suggests otherwiseYouactuallylove tipping!You like to feel that you have a voice in how much money your server makesNomatterhow the math works out，you persis

39、tently view restaurants with voluntary tipping systems asbeing abetter value，which makes it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away with the5 / 10tippingsystemgIiSpiue7AOne argument that you tend to hear a lot from the pr0tipping crowd seems logical enough：theservice is better when w

40、aiters depend on tips，presumably because they see a benefit tosuccessfullyveiling their contempt for youWellif this were truewe would all be slipping a fewl00-dollar bills toour doctors on-the way out their doors，tooBut as it turns out，waiters see onlya tiny bump in tipswhen they do an exceptional j

41、ob compared to a passable oneWaiters，keenobservers of humanity thatthey areare catching on to this；in one poll，a full 30said they didntbelieve the job they did hadany impact on the tips they receiveduEh0U1YfmhSo come on，folks：get on board with ditching the outdated tip systemPay a little more upfron

42、tforyour beer or burgerSupport Bill Perrys pub，and any other bar or restaurant that doesnt ask youtodo drunken mathIAg9qLsgBX46.、What can we learn about Bill Perry from the passage?WwghWvVhPEA. He runs a pub that serves excellent beerB. He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.C. He gives his s

43、taff a considerable sum for tips.D. He lives comfortably without getting any tips.47.What is the main reason why the author hates tipping?asfpsfpi4kA. It sets a bad example for other industries.B. It adds to the burden of ordinary customers.C. It forces the customer to compensate the waiter.ooeyYZTj

44、j1D. It poses a great challenge for customers to do math.BkeGuInkxI48.Why do many people love tipping according to the author?PgdO0sRlMoA. They help improve the quality of the restaurants they dine in.3cdXwckm15B. They believe waiters deserve such rewards for good service.h8c52WOngMC. They want to p

45、reserve a wonderful tradition of the industry.v4bdyGiousD. They can have some say in how much their servers earn.J0bm4qMpJ949.What have some waiters come to realize according to a survey?XVauA9grYPA. Service quality has little effect on tip size.B. It is in human nature to try to save on tips.C. Tip

46、s make it more difficult to please customers.D. Tips benefit the boss rather than the employees.50.What does the author argue for in the passage?A. Restaurants should calculate the tips for customers.bR9C6TJscwB. Customers should pay more tips to help improve service.pN9LBDdtrdC. Waiters deserve bet

47、ter than just relying on tips for a living.DJ8T7nHuGTD. Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers.Passage TwoQF81D7bvUAQuestions 5l to6 / 1055 are based on the following passage.4B7a9QFw9hIn the past，falling oil prices have given a boost to the world economy，but recent forecasts forgl

48、obalgrowth have been toned down.even as oil prices sink lower and lower.Does that mean thelinkbetween lower oil prices and growth has weakened?ix6iFA8xoXSome experts say there are still good reasons to believe cheap oil should heat up the worldeconomy.Consumers have more money in their pockets when

49、theyre paying less at thepump.Theyspend that money off other things，which stimulates the economy.wt6qbkCyDEThe biggestgains go to countries that import most of their oil like China.Japan.and India.Butdoesnt the extramoney in the pockets of those countries consumers mean an equal loss inoil-producing

50、 countries,cancelling out the gains? Not necessarily, say economic researcherSaraJohnson. Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high, so when pricesfallthey will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies （補(bǔ)貼）for theirconsumers.Kp5zH46zRkBut not all

51、 oil producers have big reserves. In Venezuela, collapsing oil prices have sent itseconomy intofree-fall.Yl4HdOAA61Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelmingthepositive effects of cheaper oil. The implication is a sharp decline in global trade, whic

52、h hasplungedpartly because oil-producing nations cant afford to import as much as they used to.ch4PJx4BlISara Johnson acknowledges that the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today is likelylowerthan it was in the past. One reason is that more countries are big oil producers now, so t

53、henationssuffering from the price drop account for a larger share of the global economy.qd3YfhxCzoConsumers, in the U.S. at least, are acting cautiously with the savings theyre getting at the gaspump, asthe memory of the recent great recession is still fresh in their mind. And a number ofoil-producingcountries are trimming their gasoline subsidies and raising taxes, so the net savings forglobalconsumers is not as big as the oil price plunge might suggest.E836L11DO551. What does the author mainly discuss in the pas