高考英語一輪隨堂限時備考練習(xí)4 短文改錯0 新人教版

1、短文改錯突破1錯誤形式(1)多詞：多余的詞,往往是結(jié)構(gòu)詞,如冠詞、介詞、代詞等。一種是根據(jù)涉及的名詞、動詞的特點、搭配和含義判斷是否多了冠詞、介詞或副詞。另一種是根據(jù)全句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義,判斷是否多了連詞或其他詞。(2)缺詞：漏掉的往往是冠詞、介詞、連詞等虛詞。這又與前后詞的搭配有關(guān)。見到名詞,應(yīng)考慮是否缺了冠詞；見到動詞,可注意后面是否少了應(yīng)與之搭配的介詞或其他詞。見到某些固定搭配,如in front of,as soon as,就考慮是否完整。不是固定搭配的,也要注意英語行文習(xí)慣或邏輯上的搭配。如英語不可說She shook head,而應(yīng)說She shook her head.(3)錯詞：錯

2、詞的類型復(fù)雜,不勝枚舉。但常見的還是搭配錯誤與語法錯誤,特別是平時寫作時常出的錯誤最易為命題者所關(guān)注。對于平時常常疏忽、常常出錯的地方要精心改正,做題時更要小心仔細(xì)。2主要考點短文改錯題以記敘文為主,題材和語言都貼近高中考生的實際生活?？忌綍r在書面表達(dá)中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤也就是短文改錯考查的重點。錯誤類型設(shè)置相對穩(wěn)定,主要涉及一致性、基礎(chǔ)語法和行文邏輯等方面。主要考點如下：(1)名詞的數(shù)、格的一致,以及名詞前冠詞的用法。(2)動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、動詞詞組的固定搭配。(3)非謂語動詞的形式、分詞作狀語時與句子主語的一致問題。(4)并列連詞的選用是否合題意,從屬連詞用法是否正確。(5)形容詞、

3、副詞的用法,比較級、最高級以及修飾關(guān)系是否正確。(6)代詞的指代、數(shù)、性的一致關(guān)系,關(guān)系代詞、不定代詞的用法。(7)介詞的運用、慣用法的搭配。(8)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及固定搭配的使用。(9)倒裝、省略、強(qiáng)調(diào)和there be句型的運用。(10)疑問、否定(完全否定、部分否定)使用是否正確。(11)用詞是否恰當(dāng)、準(zhǔn)確。(12)行文是否通順,是否符合邏輯。3方法規(guī)律技巧做短文改錯可以用“三個看”的方法,即一看意思,二看時態(tài),三看結(jié)構(gòu)。先看意思,就是先看看該行有無意思上的錯誤,即連詞but和and,so等是否用錯；疑問詞或從句的引導(dǎo)詞是否有錯；代詞的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)形式是否前后一致；語態(tài)是否有誤等。如果意思無誤,

4、再看所用時態(tài)是否前后一致。如果時態(tài)沒問題,最后再看結(jié)構(gòu)：有無平行結(jié)構(gòu)的錯用；名詞單復(fù)數(shù)是否有誤,其前是否有冠詞的多、缺、錯問題；介詞是否多、缺、錯；形容詞、副詞形式是否有誤；非謂語動詞的形式是否有誤；主謂是否一致；固定句型或搭配是否有誤。在改錯過程中,可能涉及的問題有三類：一類是虛詞(介詞和小品副詞、連詞、代詞、助動詞、限定詞、小品詞to等)方面的問題；一類是實詞(名詞、動詞、形容詞、一般副詞)的詞形(包括詞尾變化、詞性選擇)方面的問題；一類是同義、近義、形似詞選擇的問題。只要仔細(xì)分析,綜合考慮,就能作出正確的判斷。1(2009·鄭州二次質(zhì)檢)May 10,2009 FineToda

5、y I was having a PE lesson while I fell down1.whilewhenand hurt my foot.I was in greatly pain at that moment,2.greatlygreatbut I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the3.hashadclass was over.Though I had difficulty walk back to4.walkwalkingmy classroom,I still didnt tell anyone but even re

6、fused5.butandthe offer of help of my classmates.As result,the hurt6.As后加ain my foot became worse.Now I know Im wrong.We7.can tell others our need for help and accept his help.8.histheirSome day we can not help others in return.In this way,9.去掉notwe can get along to each other happily and peacefully.

7、10.towith2(2009·太原二次質(zhì)檢)Time is valuable but limit. Theres a famous saying,1.limitlimited“Time is money”, this shows the importance of time. When2.thiswhichtime has gone, it will never return back.3.retrunturn或去掉backIt is a pity when many people make poor use of time. They4.whenthatspend preciou

8、s time sleeping, drinking and traveling.5.spend后加theirThey dont realize wasting time is equal to waste part of their life.6.wastewastingThey always regret having made a little achievement so far.7.去掉aTherefore, we should form the habit of value time. Do not8.valuevaluingput off what can be done toda

9、y until tomorrow. Laziness9.will not only bring us failure, but also lead us on the road 10.ontoof poverty and even death.3(2009·南寧二次調(diào)研)Hi Susan,Im sorry that I wasnt able to return to your1.去掉第二個tobike on time yesterday.I mean to give it2.meanmeantback to you before four in the afternoon,and I

10、3.andbutwas hold up on my way back.Just before I4.holdheldturned corner of Park Street.I happened to5.turned后加thesee an accident.A little girl was hurt and her6.mother needed help.So I helped them going to7.goinggothe nearest hospital.I stayed here for one and8.heretherea half hour and made sure tha

11、t the girl was all9.hourhoursright.When I got back,it were already 6 pm.I10.werewashope you understand.Thank you!Li Ling4(2009·開封二次模擬)Every summer many people, girls and women, so well as1.soasboys and men, trying to swim from England to France or from2.tryingtryFrance to England. The distance

12、at the nearest point is only3.about 21.7 miles, but because the strong tide, they usually4.because后加ofhave to swim more than twice as far. The first man succeeded5.succeeded前加who/that或succeededsucceedingin swimming the English Channel was a captain, an Englishmen.6.EnglishmenEnglishmanThat was in Au

13、gust 1895. Since then on there have been7.SinceFrommany more successful swimmers. In 1960,a Canada crossed8.CanadaCanadianthe Channel within 10 hours and 23 minutes. Because sea9.sea前加theis quite cold, swimmers cover their bodies in grease(油脂).10.inwith5(2010·永川調(diào)研)My classmates and I worked as

14、volunteer in Beijing1.volunteervolunteersParalympics in September 13. Early in the morning at 7202.inonwe gathered at the National Stadium, namely“the Birds Nest”.3.As soon as we got into it ten minutes late,we started to do4.latelatersome cleaning.From 900 am to 400 pm,we tried our best help5.help前

15、加tothe disabled athletes to get ready for their competitions, leading the6.leadingleadaudience to their seats and keep order.It was until 1200 that we7.until前加nothad lunch and took a rest,which last about an hour. We stopped8.lastlastedworking at 400.Though it was a tired job, We felt9.tiredtiringth

16、at it an honor to serve the disabled friends from all over the world.10.去掉that或在it后加was6(2009·桂林高三模擬)Dear John,How nice to hear from you! In your letter you asked me how to keep health. I would like to give you some advice.1.healthhealthyAs you know,our teenagers grow very fast,so we need2.ourweplenty nutritious food, such as fish, meat, and beans,3.plenty后加ofspecially fresh vegetables and fruits. Youd better not4.speciallyespeciallyto eat too much sweet. Also, you should take exercises5.去掉toregularly instead of studying in the classroom all the times.6.timestimeFor example,you can