八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。深圳牛津版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)1-6第一課知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、單詞1.liquid 液體 solid 固體( sold ) 2.gas 氣體( has；was ) cover 覆蓋( discover；over )3.stream 小溪( dream；ice cream ) tap 龍頭( tape；cap；map；top )4. freeze 驚呆；嚇呆( froze；freezen) pump 用泵輸送(jump)5.waste 浪費(fèi)(taste 嘗起來) sound 聽起來；似乎( round；found) 6.angry 生氣的；憤怒的 o

2、bey 服從；順從( disobey 違反)7.nod 點(diǎn)頭( not；now；nor ) total 總數(shù)；合計(jì)8.treatment 處理；治療( treat v.) works 工廠；著作；作品 9.travel 旅行( traveler n.) pipe 管子 10.until 直到時(shí)( =till ) sewage (下水道的)污水11.pollute 污染( pollution n.) valuable 有價(jià)值的；寶貴的( value v.)12.mint 鑄幣廠( mine；mind ) shiny 光亮的( shine n.)13.customer 顧客；客戶 ordinary

3、 普通的 14.owner 主人；物主( own v.& adj.) bath 洗澡；沐浴( path；both )15.pour 涌流；傾斜( four；tour 旅行；sour 酸；hour；your our )16.plant 工廠；植物；種植( plan；plane；planet；pant長(zhǎng)褲子；plain 平原 ) 二、短語(yǔ)（詞組）1. go back to = return to 回到 2. give sb.sth. = give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 3. two thirds 三分之二 think about = consider 考慮；思考4. from

4、to 從到 lay eggs 下蛋5. a few = not many 不多；幾乎沒有 a little = not much 不多；幾乎沒有6. shake ones head 搖頭 nod one''s head 點(diǎn)頭7. dropinto 把扔進(jìn) carryto 把送到8. on the right/left 在右邊/左邊 come out of 從出來9. agree with sb. 同意某人意見 agree to do sth. 同意做某事10. at least 最少；至少 at most 最多11. brush the teeth 刷牙 in fact 事實(shí)上

5、12. come / be from 來自 clean . up = make . clean 打掃干凈13. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣 be angry about/at sth. 因某事生氣14. in the first place = at first 首先；起初 in the end = at last = finally 最后；最終 15. turn .off/on 關(guān)閉 / 打開（電器等）turn . up / down 調(diào)高/調(diào)低（聲音/音量）三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. use sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用某物去做某事2

6、. do ones best(to do sth.) 盡某人最大努力去做某事 We should do our best to learn English well. 我們應(yīng)該盡力學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。3. Its adj. for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)于某人來說,做某事是 It''s very important for us to learn English well. 對(duì)我們來說，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。 = To learn English well is very important for us.4. remember to do sth. 記得去做某事 （ 未做 ） re

7、member doing sth. 記得做了某事 （ 已做 ）5. not.until/ before . = .after 直到才 Kate didn''t go to bed until/ before she finished her homework yesterday. = Kate went to bed after she finished her homework yesterday.6. sb. spend sm. on sth. = sb. pay sm.for sth. = sb. buy sth. for sm. = sth. cost sb. sm.

8、某人花錢買某物 Mary spent 500 yuan on the new bike last week.上個(gè)星期Kate花500圓買這輛新自行車 = Mary paid 500 yuan for the new bike last week. = Mary bought the new bike for 500 yuan last week. = The new bike cost Mary 500 yuan last week. 7. pay attention to ( doing sth.) 注意(做某事)8. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 太多 too much rain /

9、sand too many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 太多 too many apples / dogs much too + adj. / adv. （原級(jí)） 過于 / 太 much too fat / dirty 9. 系動(dòng)詞 + adj. 系動(dòng)詞通常包括be動(dòng)詞 ( am/ is/ are/ was/ were ) 和 感官動(dòng)詞 ( look 看起來；sound 聽起來；smell 聞起來；taste 品嘗起來；feel 感覺起來 )等 The girl looked very happy today. The food smells very sad.10. adj./adv.(原級(jí)) + e

10、nough 足夠 enough修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，通常放在被修 飾詞（形容詞/副詞）的后面。 tall enough 足夠高 important enough 足夠重要11. a lot of = lots of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/ 不可數(shù)名詞 通常用于肯定句，改為否定句或疑問 句時(shí)常改為many或much.第二課知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、單詞：1. local 當(dāng)?shù)氐模槐镜氐?location) term 學(xué)期(team)2. publish 出版；發(fā)行 suggest 建議(suggestion n.=advice)3. briefly 簡(jiǎn)要地 conclude 結(jié)束 (= finish / end

11、 ) 4. experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷 vote 投票；選舉( voter n. note )5. secretary 秘書(secret adj.) section 文件、書等的)節(jié)；項(xiàng)；段6. absent 不在場(chǎng)的；缺勤的 shame 遺憾的事；可惜(share；same)7. form 排列成；形式；年級(jí) mayor 市長(zhǎng)(may)8. deserve 應(yīng)受；應(yīng)得(serve) march 齊步走；行進(jìn)(March；match)9. consider 考慮(= think about) stall 攤位；貨攤(still；tall；small)10. design 設(shè)計(jì)( des

12、igner sign) jar 罐子(bar car；star；far)11. match 競(jìng)賽；比賽(=game；watch) teenage 十三歲到十九歲的12. committee 委員會(huì) edition (書、報(bào)等)版次（editor）13. pleased 高興的；滿足的；滿意的( pleasure n. pleasant adj. ) 14. hold 舉行( 過去式:held；cold；sold；told )15. feature (報(bào)紙、電視等中)特寫或?qū)ｎ}節(jié)目；羽毛 （ leature 皮革 ）16. praise 表?yè)P(yáng)( raise；pride；proud )17. el

13、ect 選舉(= choose election；elector = voter；electricity 電；電子 ) 18. free 免費(fèi)的；自由的；空閑的( freedom n. freeze ) 二、短語(yǔ)（詞組）：1. take charge of = be in charge of = be responsible for 負(fù)責(zé)；管理;對(duì)負(fù)責(zé) 2. talk . over 商量；討論 = discuss = talk about3. pay for = spend on 付款 ask for 要求；請(qǐng)求 4. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) write . down 寫下；記下5.

14、 sit down = have a seat 坐下；就坐 finish doing sth. 完成做某事6. be pleased with 對(duì)感到滿意 have / hold a meeting 舉行會(huì)議7. take notes 記筆記 ought to = should 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該8. take part in = join in 參加；加入（+ 活動(dòng)） 9. in one weeks time = in one week 一周后( 指將來時(shí)間 )10. all over the world = in the world 全世界 11. take care of = look afte

15、r = care for 照顧；照看 take care = look out = watch out = be careful 小心；注意12. think about = consider 考慮 make a decision = descide 決定13. find out 查明；弄清楚 look for 尋找 find 找到14. more than = over 超過；多于 on October 1st 在十月一日15. keep healthy 保持健康/衛(wèi)生 after school 放學(xué)后16. be good at = do well in 擅長(zhǎng)于.；在.方面好 be goo

16、d for 對(duì).有好處 be bad for 對(duì).有害17. hundrens of years later = after hundrens of years 數(shù)百年后18. come to the end of sth. 結(jié)束某事 = conclude sth. 三、句型結(jié)構(gòu):1. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事2. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借給某人某物 ( 類似有：send show give pass )3. be interested i

17、n = be keen on = be fond of 對(duì)感興趣4. tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事5. something interesting 有趣的東西 不定代詞 + adj. （ 形容詞修飾不 定代詞，形容詞放在不定代詞的后面。） something important 重要的東西/事情 6. either . or 不是.就是. （連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用就近原則） neither . nor 不.也不.；.和.（兩者）都不 Either I or Tom is going to play basketball. 不是我就是Tom將參加打

18、籃球。 Neither Kate nor Mary does well in Chinese. Kate和Mary兩個(gè)都不擅長(zhǎng)于語(yǔ)文/中文。7. like . best 最喜歡. I like playing basketball best. = My favourite sport is playing basketball.8. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人意見9. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth.= make up one''s mind to do sth

19、. 決定做某事 make a decision about sth. 對(duì)某事作出決定10. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事11. suggest doing sth. 建議做某事 suggest sb. To do sth. 建議某人做某事四、語(yǔ)法： 感嘆句 What (a / an) adj. + n. + ( 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) )! How + adj./adv.+ ( 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) )! What a beautiful girl Kate is ! = How beautiful Kate is ! What important work it is! = How i

20、mportant the work is! What happy children they are! = How happy the children are!第三課知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、單詞：1. innocent 無辜的；無罪的 detective 偵探 (active)2. guilty 犯罪的；有罪的 recent 最近的；近來的3. case 案件(cage;cave;care;cake;base) alone 獨(dú)自；單獨(dú)(along)4. lock 鎖；鎖上(cock;rock;sock) safe 保險(xiǎn)箱；安全的(save)5. clue 線索(blue club) earring 耳環(huán)

21、(ear ring) 6. question 提問；質(zhì)問；問題 necklace 項(xiàng)鏈 (neck)7. proof 證據(jù)(roof) ruby 紅寶石 ( rugby )8. suspect 嫌疑犯;可疑對(duì)象 admit 承認(rèn)9. own 自己的；本人的；擁有(owner) insurance 保險(xiǎn)10.jail 監(jiān)獄(tail;fail;sail) bracelet 手鐲 (brace let) 11.emerald 綠寶石 diamond 鉆石 12.piece (尤指一套中的)一件；塊；條 separately 單獨(dú)地；分別地13.crime 犯罪行為 belt 皮帶( bell )1

22、4.frightened 受驚嚇的；害怕的(frighten v.) doorway 門口 (door way)15.string 線；繩子(= rope) (strong) carpet 地毯(car pet)二、詞組（短語(yǔ)）：1. work as = be 從事工作 knock at/on the door 敲門2. break into 闖入 bump into 撞擊3. steal. from 從偷來 see the film 看電影4. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) behind bars 坐牢5. arrive at/in = get to = reach 到達(dá) ask sb.

23、 to do sth. 要求某人做某事6. wait for 等待 instead of 代替7. find out 找到 look for 尋找8. belong to 屬于 enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 9. in the end = at last = finally 最后 between.and. 在.和.之間（兩者）10. in / on the wall 在墻上/里 in/ on the hand 在手里/中11. let/ make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 12. show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 給某人看某物 ( p

24、ass/ give/ send/ lend)13. at once = right away = in no time 馬上；立刻14. be the same as 與.相同 be different from 與.不同15. at first = in the first place = first of all 首先16. as well as 也；又 = also / as well / too 17. turn . on 打開（電器；電；煤氣等） turn . off 關(guān)閉 turn .up 調(diào)高/調(diào)大 turn . down 調(diào)低/調(diào)小三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1. no longer = n

25、otany longer/more 不再 2. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做了某事 3. sb. buy sth. for sm.=sb. pay/spend sm. for/on sth. =sth. cost sb. sm. 某人花錢買某物 4. find it adj. to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事. find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事5. finish./practice doing sth. 完成/練習(xí)做某事 6. be afraid of 害怕 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某

26、事 7. hope/ want to do sth. 希望/想要做某事8. notice sb. doing sth. 注意/通知某人做某事 四、語(yǔ)法：（動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞） 動(dòng)詞不定式：分為 帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(to + 動(dòng)詞原形) 和 不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式 常和動(dòng)詞不定式(to do)連用的動(dòng)詞有： 1. decide/ hope/ plan/ want/ arrange/ learn/ agree/ refuse(拒絕) to do sth. 2. suggest/ ask/ tell/ teach/ want/ wish/ encourage(鼓勵(lì)) sb. to do sth. 3.

27、 keep/see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. doing sth.看見/聽到某人正在做某事（正在進(jìn)行 常和動(dòng)名詞（doing）連用的動(dòng)詞有： suggest/ admit/ deny/ enjoy/ finish/ mind/ keep/ practice(練習(xí)) doing sth. 后可接動(dòng)詞不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞，但兩種形式所表達(dá)的意思有所不同： remember forget stop remember to do sth. 記住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth.記起來做一某事(已做)forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(未做

28、) forget doing sth.忘記已做某事(已做)stop to doing sth. 停下來去做某事(未做) stop doing sth.停止做某事(正在做) 其賓語(yǔ)后可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有：see watch hear see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. do sth. 看見/聽到某人做了某事（已做） see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. doing sth. 看見/聽到某人正在做某事（正在進(jìn)行） 其賓語(yǔ)后只可接不帶的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有：make let have（使得） make/ let sb. do sth.

29、讓/使某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事第四課知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、單詞1. drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)器；駕駛(drove；driven) monitor (計(jì)算器)顯示器；班長(zhǎng)2. speaker 揚(yáng)聲器；喇叭(speak；speech) keyboard 鍵盤( key board )3. print 打印(point；paint；printer) mouse 鼠標(biāo)(pl:mice；house) 4. control 控制 hide 藏；隱藏(hid；hidden)5. tiny 極小的；微小的(= very small) judge 法官；審判員6. realize 察覺到；意識(shí)

30、到(=be aware of) company 公司7. rarely 很少；不常(= seldom) type 打字；鍵入；類型8. reference 標(biāo)識(shí) distance 距離(dance；distant)9. railway 鐵路( rail ) raise 提出（問題等）(praise)10.supply 供應(yīng)；提供(offer;provide) opinion 意見；看法11.price 價(jià)格(rice；piece) medium 中等的；中號(hào)的12.quantity 數(shù)量 modern 現(xiàn)代的13.disagree 不同意( agree ) hot 辣的；熱的(heat)14.

31、smooth 柔和的(= soft) speed 速度( at the speed of )15.operate 操作；使運(yùn)行( operation；operator )16.order 訂單；命令；順序(in order of 以.順序；in order to do sth為了做某事)二、短語(yǔ)/詞組1. hardly ever 難得；幾乎不= seldom for the time being 暫時(shí)2. write.down 寫下 so many/ much 如此多；很多3. be made of 由構(gòu)成 think about = consider 考慮4. such as 例如 in m

32、y opinion = I think 我認(rèn)為.5. at the same time 同時(shí) communicate with 與溝通6. in the future 在未來 each other = one another 互相；彼此7. in the world = all over the world 全世界8. at the moment = now = at present 現(xiàn)在9. the answer to this question 這個(gè)問題的答案10. be unaware of = not know about 不知道；未察覺11. be able to = can 會(huì)；能

33、；可以 be good at = do well in 擅長(zhǎng)于12. be dependent on = depend on 依賴于13. be short of = not enough 缺少的；不夠的 be short for 縮寫；簡(jiǎn)稱三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1. send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth. 送給某人某物2. help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人 help oneself to + 食物 請(qǐng)自用 with one''s help 在某人的幫助下 can''t/c

34、ouldn''t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事3. use sth. for doing sth. = use sth. to do sth.= do sth. with sth. 用某物做某事4. give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth. 給某人某物5. pay attention to doing 注意做某事6. prefer A to B = like A better than B 比起B(yǎng)來更喜歡A Kate prefers China to Japan. = Kate likes China better than Japan.

35、7. What''s the price of the books? = How much are the books?四、語(yǔ)法：形容詞的比較等級(jí) 形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 絕大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式：原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí): 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式是在形容詞的原級(jí)形式的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的規(guī)則變化如下: 1) 通常在單音節(jié)詞尾加 -er 和 -est：great (原級(jí)) greater greatest 2) 以 -e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加 -r 和 -st: wide (原級(jí)) wider widest3

36、) 以 輔音字母 + y 結(jié)尾的形容詞,把 y 改i再加 -er 和-est: happy: happier happiest easy: easier easiest early: earlier earliest4) 以一個(gè)元音字母 + 一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫該輔音字母后再加 -er和 -est： big (原級(jí))：bigger biggest sad: sadder saddest5) 以后綴 -ful、 -less、 -ing、 -ed、 -ly等結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，在其前加more 和 most： helpful: more helpful most helpful hel

37、pless: more helpless most helpless boring: more boring most boring worried: more worried most worried tired: more tired most tired friendly: more friendly most friendly6) 在多音節(jié)詞其前加 more 和most: beautiful: more beautiful most beautiful difficult: more difficult most difficult important: more important

38、most important7) 以 -w 結(jié)尾的詞在其詞后加 -er 和-est: new: newer newest few: fewer fewest 形容詞前如加 less 和 least 則表示"更不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 更不重要 least important 最不重要 不規(guī)則變化的形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)須特殊牢記: 原級(jí) 比較級(jí)最高級(jí) 原級(jí) 比較級(jí)最高級(jí) good/ well better best many/ much more most bad/ ill/ badlyworse worst

39、 little less least far farther farthest（多指距離、路程） further furthest（多指時(shí)間） 1、形容詞原級(jí)用法：1）、 too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原級(jí)2）、 原級(jí) + enough 足夠.3）、 as + 原級(jí) + as 與.一樣.4）、 A not as/ so + 原級(jí) + as B A 不如/不及 B. Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.（Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高） = Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller

40、 than Tom. Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。（Jane比Mary漂亮） = Mary is less beautiful than Jane. = Jane is more beautiful than Mary.2、形容詞比較級(jí)的用法: 形容詞的比較級(jí)用于兩個(gè)人或事物的比較,其結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下: 1）、 比較級(jí) + than Kate is taller than Jenny. This picture is more beautiful than that one.這張照片比那張照片漂亮. This meeting is

41、less important than that one. 這次會(huì)議不如那次會(huì)議重要. 2）、 比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí) 越來越. More and more + 多音節(jié)詞原形 越來越. fatter and fatter 越來越胖 taller and taller 越來越高 more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮 more and more important 越來越重要3)、 the 比較級(jí) + （句子），the 比較級(jí) + （句子） 越.就越. The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我們?cè)竭\(yùn)動(dòng)，我們就越健康. The

42、 more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes. 我們?cè)秸J(rèn)真，我們犯錯(cuò)誤就越少.4）、 比較級(jí) + than + any other + 名詞單數(shù)=比較級(jí) + than + the other + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) Mike is taller than any other boy in his class. = Mike is taller than the other boys in his class. = Mike is the talest boy in his class. 備注： 用much、 a little、 even等副詞修飾比較級(jí) The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太陽(yáng)比月亮大得多。 Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。 She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Ka