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1、商務(wù)信函的翻譯商務(wù)信函的翻譯 1. 熱身練習(xí)熱身練習(xí) 2. 商務(wù)信函的翻譯商務(wù)信函的翻譯 3. 翻譯練習(xí)翻譯練習(xí)商務(wù)信函的翻譯v試翻譯下面選自商務(wù)信函的句子,并指出這些句子的語(yǔ)試翻譯下面選自商務(wù)信函的句子,并指出這些句子的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)及翻譯難點(diǎn):言特點(diǎn)及翻譯難點(diǎn):1. We acknowledge receipt of your favor of the 10th, July, and thank you for the order you have given us.貴公司貴公司7月月10日函收悉,對(duì)本次訂貨,我公司日函收悉,對(duì)本次訂貨,我公司不勝感激。不勝感激。商務(wù)信函的翻譯 2. But m
2、uch to our regret we have to inform you that we have found that one of the cases of your consignment(托運(yùn)托運(yùn)的貨物的貨物) is in badly damaged condition. 但非常遺憾地通知您,貴方貨物中有一箱但非常遺憾地通知您,貴方貨物中有一箱貨物嚴(yán)重破損。貨物嚴(yán)重破損。商務(wù)信函的翻譯 3. You are kindly requested to provide us with all possible information on your market.煩請(qǐng)告知貴方的市場(chǎng)行情
3、。煩請(qǐng)告知貴方的市場(chǎng)行情。4. 若貴方認(rèn)為我方報(bào)價(jià)合適,請(qǐng)立即訂購(gòu),特隨若貴方認(rèn)為我方報(bào)價(jià)合適,請(qǐng)立即訂購(gòu),特隨函附上訂購(gòu)單。函附上訂購(gòu)單。 Should you find our offer acceptable, please make an immediate order. enclosed please find the order form.5. 茲通知,茲通知, 標(biāo)題所述貨物已于昨日由標(biāo)題所述貨物已于昨日由“大慶大慶”號(hào)貨輪運(yùn)出。號(hào)貨輪運(yùn)出。商務(wù)信函的翻譯vWe are pleased to advise you that the captioned goods were ship
4、ped yesterday per S.S. (Steamship) “Daqing”.6. 貴方貴方11月月18日詢問(wèn)我方可否供應(yīng)日詢問(wèn)我方可否供應(yīng)6120號(hào)商品的來(lái)號(hào)商品的來(lái)函收悉,特報(bào)價(jià)如下。函收悉,特報(bào)價(jià)如下。We are delighted to receive your letter of November 18 asking whether we can supply you with article. No. 6120 and we hereby make the offer as follows.商務(wù)信函的翻譯v一、商務(wù)信函的定義與功能一、商務(wù)信函的定義與功能v(一)定義:(
5、一)定義:v商務(wù)信函屬于應(yīng)用文體,是指商務(wù)往來(lái)中的信件,是“人們互相聯(lián)系,彼此交往、交流思想、溝通信息、洽談事物所使用的一種應(yīng)用文”。商務(wù)信函既有一般公務(wù)信函的性質(zhì),又兼有一般書信的特點(diǎn)。但總體上,商務(wù)信函要求特別準(zhǔn)確和規(guī)范。商務(wù)信函的翻譯 (二)功能:(二)功能: 具有信息功能和祈使功能。商務(wù)信函主要用來(lái)向商務(wù)伙伴提供有關(guān)公司、產(chǎn)品規(guī)格、性能、價(jià)格、付款、裝運(yùn)、保險(xiǎn)等方面的信息,所以商務(wù)信函的信息功能不可忽視。同時(shí),商務(wù)信函在提供有關(guān)信息的同時(shí),主要促成對(duì)方采取行動(dòng),如購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品、裝運(yùn)產(chǎn)品、支付貨款等,所以商務(wù)信函具有祈使功能。商務(wù)信函的翻譯 (二)商務(wù)信函的分類(二)商務(wù)信函的分類 (1)
6、建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系函建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系函 (cooperation intention) (2) 產(chǎn)品推銷函產(chǎn)品推銷函 (promotion) (3) 資信查詢函資信查詢函 (credit inquiry) (4) 詢盤函詢盤函 (inquiry) (5) 發(fā)盤還盤函發(fā)盤還盤函 ( offer and counter-offer) 商務(wù)信函的翻譯 (二)(二)商務(wù)信函的分類商務(wù)信函的分類 (6) 訂購(gòu)函訂購(gòu)函 (purchase) (7) 裝運(yùn)通知函裝運(yùn)通知函 (shipment) (8) 支付結(jié)算函支付結(jié)算函 (payment) (9) 索賠函索賠函 (claim) (10) 保險(xiǎn)函保險(xiǎn)函 (insur
7、ance) 商務(wù)信函的翻譯v(一)英文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)(一)英文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)三、商務(wù)信函的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三、商務(wù)信函的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)英文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)一般如下:英文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)一般如下:1) 信頭信頭 (Heading),包括寄信人的地址和日期),包括寄信人的地址和日期2) 信內(nèi)地址信內(nèi)地址 (Inside address),), 即收信人的地址即收信人的地址3) 文檔號(hào)文檔號(hào) (Reference),), 如:如: Our ref: WFX/SQ 收函方主辦人或主要負(fù)責(zé)人,收函方主辦人或主要負(fù)責(zé)人, 如如 Attention: The Sales Manager 或或 To: The Sales Ma
8、nager商務(wù)信函的翻譯5) 稱呼 (Salutation)6) 事由標(biāo)題 (Caption /Subject /Reference)7)正文 (Body)8) 結(jié)束語(yǔ)/函尾套語(yǔ) ( Complimentary close)9) 發(fā)信人姓名,先簽名再打印姓名 (Signature & Printed Name)10) 發(fā)信人職務(wù) (Position)11) 發(fā)信人及打信人姓名縮寫,如ST/MS 12) 附件 (Enclosure) 13)副本/抄送 (CC., 即 Carbon Copy) 14) 附言/又及事項(xiàng) (P.S.,即 Postscript) 下面是一封完整的英文商務(wù)信函下面
9、是一封完整的英文商務(wù)信函1117 The High Road Austin, TX 787036 June 1996 -信頭MR. David Patricks3005 West 29th Suite 130Waco, TX 77663 -信內(nèi)地址Our Ref: RI0606 - 文檔號(hào)Attention: International Trade Manager -收函方主辦人Dear Mr. Patricks, - 稱呼Subject: Heating Registers Location -事由標(biāo)題I received your June 6th letter requesting co
10、nsultation and am providingmy recommendation in the following: -以上為正文Sincerely 結(jié)束語(yǔ)Jane A. 簽名Jane A. 打印姓名Engineering Manager 職務(wù)HAVC Consultants, Inc. 公司名稱JAM/dmc 發(fā)信人及打信人姓名縮寫Encl.: invoice for consulting services 附件C.C. Executive Manager of HVAC Consultants, Inc. 抄送發(fā)票,清單SECTION 2 I. 一封完整的英文商務(wù)信函應(yīng)該包括下列哪
11、些內(nèi)容?A. letter head B. date C. inside name and address D. salutation E. subject F. complimentary closeG. signatureH. attention lineI. enclosure J. postscript K. carbon copy L. references M. mailing notation N. bodySEC 1SEC 3SEC 5SEC 6SEC 7SEC 8SEC 4返回返回A B C D E F G H I J K L M NANSWER(二)中文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)(二)
12、中文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)中文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)一般如下:中文商務(wù)信函的結(jié)構(gòu)一般如下:1) 標(biāo)題2) 發(fā)函字號(hào)3) 收函單位或收件人姓名4) 正文5) 結(jié)束套語(yǔ)6) 發(fā)函單位或發(fā)函人姓名7) 發(fā)函時(shí)間8) 附件四、商務(wù)信函的文體特點(diǎn)及翻譯 詞匯特點(diǎn)及其翻譯詞匯特點(diǎn)及其翻譯 (1)用詞莊重規(guī)范用詞莊重規(guī)范 例例1:We are sending you herewith our quotation sheet for cotton tablecloth Article Nos.510 and 514. The respective quantities available for prompt shipmen
13、t are indicated therein. 隨函附上棉桌布產(chǎn)品第隨函附上棉桌布產(chǎn)品第510號(hào)和號(hào)和514號(hào)的號(hào)的 報(bào)價(jià)單,單中包括兩種產(chǎn)品可立即裝貨報(bào)價(jià)單,單中包括兩種產(chǎn)品可立即裝貨 的數(shù)量。的數(shù)量。例例2: Enclosed please find the quotation sheet. All offers and sales are subject to the terms and conditions printed on the reverse side hereof. 隨函附上報(bào)價(jià)單,所有報(bào)盤和銷售均應(yīng)以本報(bào)價(jià)隨函附上報(bào)價(jià)單,所有報(bào)盤和銷售均應(yīng)以本報(bào)價(jià)單背面所印條件為準(zhǔn)。單
14、背面所印條件為準(zhǔn)。例例3: 隨函寄給貴方訂貨單和印有我公司地址的信封,隨函寄給貴方訂貨單和印有我公司地址的信封,供參考備用。供參考備用。An order blank and addressed envelope are enclosed herein for your convenience.例例4:鑒于貴方違約造成我方不應(yīng)有的損失,我方很遺憾鑒于貴方違約造成我方不應(yīng)有的損失,我方很遺憾地撤銷此約,并保留對(duì)我方損失的索賠權(quán)。地撤銷此約,并保留對(duì)我方損失的索賠權(quán)。In view of the fact that your violation of the contract has caused
15、us undeserved losses, we regret to say that we have canceled the contract and we reserve the right to claim damages.(2) 用詞禮貌客氣用詞禮貌客氣例例1:敬請(qǐng)告知貴方是否需要更多的宣傳手冊(cè)或在展示會(huì)場(chǎng)敬請(qǐng)告知貴方是否需要更多的宣傳手冊(cè)或在展示會(huì)場(chǎng)發(fā)放的其他材料。發(fā)放的其他材料。Please kindly let us know whether you would like additional brochures or any of the materials that wer
16、e handed out at the convention.例例2:可能因一時(shí)疏忽,支票還未簽名,現(xiàn)寄還可能因一時(shí)疏忽,支票還未簽名,現(xiàn)寄還貴方,煩請(qǐng)補(bǔ)簽。貴方,煩請(qǐng)補(bǔ)簽。Probably through an oversight, the check was not signed, and we are returning it to you for your kind signature.例例3:In reply to your enquiry of June 7, 2009, I respectfully offer my latest quotation herewith.茲回復(fù)貴方
17、茲回復(fù)貴方1999年年6月月7日來(lái)函,日來(lái)函, 特隨函奉特隨函奉上我方最新報(bào)價(jià)。上我方最新報(bào)價(jià)。(3) 用詞準(zhǔn)確專業(yè)用詞準(zhǔn)確專業(yè)例1:The credit shall be payable against presentation of draft drawn on the opening bank and the shipping documents specified in Article 13 hereof.信用證憑開(kāi)戶銀行所開(kāi)匯票和第十三款規(guī)定的信用證憑開(kāi)戶銀行所開(kāi)匯票和第十三款規(guī)定的裝運(yùn)單據(jù)支付。裝運(yùn)單據(jù)支付。例例2: 貨款必須用以我方為受益人而開(kāi)立的、不貨款必須用以我方為受益人而開(kāi)
18、立的、不可撤銷的即期信用證支付。可撤銷的即期信用證支付。Payment shall be made by irrevocable L/C at sight to be opened in our favour.例例3: 只承保水漬險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn),如要求其他附加只承保水漬險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn),如要求其他附加險(xiǎn)別,額外保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)得由貴方承擔(dān)。險(xiǎn)別,額外保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)得由貴方承擔(dān)。Insurance covers WPA and WR only. Should additional insurance coverage be required, all extra premium thus incurred shall be
19、 for your account.WPA: with particular averageThe loss of a ship or cargo, caused by damage at sea.war risk2. 語(yǔ)法及其翻譯語(yǔ)法及其翻譯(1)句式完整,多用復(fù)雜句)句式完整,多用復(fù)雜句例:從中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使館商務(wù)參贊處獲悉,貴公司是信譽(yù)卓例:從中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使館商務(wù)參贊處獲悉,貴公司是信譽(yù)卓著的輕工產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口商,著的輕工產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口商, 我公司系國(guó)有單位,以經(jīng)營(yíng)輕工產(chǎn)我公司系國(guó)有單位,以經(jīng)營(yíng)輕工產(chǎn)品為主,現(xiàn)寄去商品目錄和價(jià)目單,用以向貴公司毛遂自薦。品為主,現(xiàn)寄去商品目錄和價(jià)目單,用以向貴公司毛遂
20、自薦。We have learned from the Commercial Counselors office of the Embassy of the Peoples Republic of China to your country that you enjoy the high reputation as a light industrial products importer, which has made us eager to enter into business relations with you. Accordingly, we, as a State-owned co
21、rporation dealing exclusively in light industrial products, now introduce ourselves to you by sending you herewith our catalogs and price-lists.(2) 多用肯定句,少用否定句多用肯定句,少用否定句例:如蒙惠告上述貨物更多詳情,則非常感激。例:如蒙惠告上述貨物更多詳情,則非常感激。We should be very grateful if you would furnish us further details of the goods mentione
22、d above.(2) 多用肯定句,少用否定句多用肯定句,少用否定句例:很高興寄送貴方第例:很高興寄送貴方第2090號(hào)詢價(jià)單所列貨物號(hào)詢價(jià)單所列貨物樣品供貴方參考,望貴方感興趣。樣品供貴方參考,望貴方感興趣。 We have pleasure in sending you the samples of the goods listed on your inquiry sheet No. 2090 for your consideration, and hope that they will be of interest to you.(3)多用套語(yǔ))多用套語(yǔ)例:例:收到對(duì)方來(lái)函時(shí)用:收到對(duì)方來(lái)
23、函時(shí)用:We are in receipt of your letter/ We acknowledge receipt of your letter / We admit receipt of your letter 貴函敬悉貴函敬悉/ 貴函收悉貴函收悉表示通知對(duì)方時(shí):表示通知對(duì)方時(shí):We are pleased to inform you 特此奉告特此奉告回復(fù)對(duì)方的來(lái)信時(shí)用:回復(fù)對(duì)方的來(lái)信時(shí)用:In reply to your letter of (+日期日期)/ Regarding your letter of (+ 日期日期)/ Referring to your letter of
24、(+ 日期日期) 茲回復(fù)貴方(某日)來(lái)函茲回復(fù)貴方(某日)來(lái)函希望對(duì)方回復(fù)時(shí)用:希望對(duì)方回復(fù)時(shí)用:Your kind reply will greatly oblige us. 如蒙答復(fù),當(dāng)不如蒙答復(fù),當(dāng)不勝感激。勝感激。 / 敬請(qǐng)回復(fù)。敬請(qǐng)回復(fù)。Looking forward to your positive / favourable / affirmative reply 盼復(fù)盼復(fù)隨函附上某物時(shí)用:隨函附上某物時(shí)用:Enclosed we hand / Enclosed please find / We are enclosing 同函附上同函附上/ 隨函附上隨函附上表示禮貌委婉的語(yǔ)氣用:
25、表示禮貌委婉的語(yǔ)氣用:We regret toWe are glad/ pleased to 五、商務(wù)信函的翻譯原則五、商務(wù)信函的翻譯原則(一)把握格式(一)把握格式(二)用詞恰當(dāng)(二)用詞恰當(dāng)(三)句法規(guī)范(三)句法規(guī)范(四)注意細(xì)節(jié)(四)注意細(xì)節(jié)(五)語(yǔ)氣貼切(五)語(yǔ)氣貼切Practice 相信貴方會(huì)按期發(fā)貨,相信貴方會(huì)按期發(fā)貨, 因遲誤勢(shì)必會(huì)給我方造成因遲誤勢(shì)必會(huì)給我方造成很大不便和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。很大不便和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。 We trust you will see to it that the order is shipped within the stipulated time, as any
26、 delay would cause us no little inconvenience and financial loss.Practice3. 在我方同各國(guó)商人的貿(mào)易中,一貫堅(jiān)持平等在我方同各國(guó)商人的貿(mào)易中,一貫堅(jiān)持平等互利的原則,互利的原則, 希望通過(guò)雙方努力,希望通過(guò)雙方努力, 促進(jìn)彼此促進(jìn)彼此互利的業(yè)務(wù)和友誼?;ダ臉I(yè)務(wù)和友誼。In our trade with merchants of various countries, we always adhere to the principle of equality and mutual benefit; therefore, i
27、t is our hope to promote, by joint efforts, both trade and friendship to our mutual advantage. In order to enable us to capture a part of the market for you, we sincerely hope that you will make us a further concession, for example, a discount of 15% instead of 10% as you planned to give us on an or
28、der worth approximately US$ 10,000. 為使我方替貴方打開(kāi)一片市場(chǎng),真誠(chéng)希望貴為使我方替貴方打開(kāi)一片市場(chǎng),真誠(chéng)希望貴方給予我方更多優(yōu)惠,譬如,按貴方計(jì)劃,方給予我方更多優(yōu)惠,譬如,按貴方計(jì)劃,訂單總值約訂單總值約10000美元,給予我方美元,給予我方15%的折扣,的折扣,而非而非10%。5. Insurance on the goods shall be covered by us for 110% of the CIF value, and any extra premium for additional coverage, if required, shal
29、l be borne by the buyers.我方將以貨物到岸價(jià)的我方將以貨物到岸價(jià)的110%投保,若有任何附投保,若有任何附加險(xiǎn)種的附加費(fèi)用,應(yīng)由買方承擔(dān)。加險(xiǎn)種的附加費(fèi)用,應(yīng)由買方承擔(dān)。6. Enclosed please find our monthly statement up to and including March 31, and, the amount of $990,000 remaining unpaid last month.隨函寄上三月份(包括隨函寄上三月份(包括3月月31號(hào)在內(nèi))的結(jié)算單,號(hào)在內(nèi))的結(jié)算單,其中上月未付金額為其中上月未付金額為99萬(wàn)美元。萬(wàn)美元。
30、a monthly report sent to a debtor or bank depositor7. We should be obliged for any information as to the standing of the firm, and you may rest assured that anything thus communicated will go no further.reputation, rank懇請(qǐng)告知該公司信用狀況,對(duì)任何有關(guān)情報(bào),懇請(qǐng)告知該公司信用狀況,對(duì)任何有關(guān)情報(bào),我方將嚴(yán)守機(jī)密,敬請(qǐng)放心。我方將嚴(yán)守機(jī)密,敬請(qǐng)放心。8. As exporters
31、 dealing exclusively in Chinese Art & Craft Goods, we express our desire to trade with you in this line.我方專門從事中國(guó)工藝美術(shù)品出口,愿與貴方我方專門從事中國(guó)工藝美術(shù)品出口,愿與貴方進(jìn)行貿(mào)易合作。進(jìn)行貿(mào)易合作。 10. 從中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì)獲悉,貴方有意采購(gòu)從中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì)獲悉,貴方有意采購(gòu)電器用品。電器用品。We have heard from China Council for the Promotion of International Trade that you ar
32、e in the market for Electric Appliances.11. 按照貴方按照貴方7月月1日來(lái)函要求,現(xiàn)隨函附寄日來(lái)函要求,現(xiàn)隨函附寄300英鎊支票一張。英鎊支票一張。As requested in your letter of July 1st, we are enclosing our check for 300.12. 我們很想知道貴方是否容許我方將交貨時(shí)間我們很想知道貴方是否容許我方將交貨時(shí)間延期延期20天,如果貴方容許,請(qǐng)速傳真回復(fù)。天,如果貴方容許,請(qǐng)速傳真回復(fù)。We would like to know whether you would allow us
33、to extend the time of shipment for twenty days and if you would be so kind as to allow us to do so, kindly give us your reply by fax without delay. 六六 商務(wù)信函的商務(wù)信函的翻譯技巧翻譯技巧 商務(wù)信函在外貿(mào)往來(lái)中扮演交流協(xié)商、促進(jìn)交易的角色。所以在商商務(wù)信函在外貿(mào)往來(lái)中扮演交流協(xié)商、促進(jìn)交易的角色。所以在商務(wù)信函的翻譯中,不僅應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)譯文在內(nèi)容形式和文化上的準(zhǔn)確,還要根務(wù)信函的翻譯中,不僅應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)譯文在內(nèi)容形式和文化上的準(zhǔn)確,還要根據(jù)商務(wù)信函的風(fēng)格和交
34、際功能,使譯文在風(fēng)格特點(diǎn)和功能上與原文對(duì)等據(jù)商務(wù)信函的風(fēng)格和交際功能,使譯文在風(fēng)格特點(diǎn)和功能上與原文對(duì)等。在內(nèi)容形式和文化方面,要求翻譯時(shí)內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確、形式規(guī)范,符合譯入。在內(nèi)容形式和文化方面,要求翻譯時(shí)內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確、形式規(guī)范,符合譯入語(yǔ)的文化習(xí)慣;在風(fēng)格和功能上,要求在譯文中體現(xiàn)出商務(wù)信函的簡(jiǎn)潔語(yǔ)的文化習(xí)慣;在風(fēng)格和功能上,要求在譯文中體現(xiàn)出商務(wù)信函的簡(jiǎn)潔嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)皇Ь唧w,正式得體但不失親切禮貌的風(fēng)格,反映出原文的交際嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)皇Ь唧w,正式得體但不失親切禮貌的風(fēng)格,反映出原文的交際風(fēng)格。簡(jiǎn)而言之,商務(wù)信函的翻譯要注意風(fēng)格。簡(jiǎn)而言之,商務(wù)信函的翻譯要注意形式的規(guī)范性形式的規(guī)范性、內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確性內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確性和
35、和措辭的得體性措辭的得體性。 在翻譯商務(wù)信函時(shí),首先要注意格式的轉(zhuǎn)換,其次要注意運(yùn)用商業(yè)在翻譯商務(wù)信函時(shí),首先要注意格式的轉(zhuǎn)換,其次要注意運(yùn)用商業(yè)套語(yǔ),最后還要注意語(yǔ)言的簡(jiǎn)潔、準(zhǔn)確和專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的表達(dá)。下面將從案套語(yǔ),最后還要注意語(yǔ)言的簡(jiǎn)潔、準(zhǔn)確和專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的表達(dá)。下面將從案頭頭(Reference)、收信人、收信人(Attention)、稱呼、稱呼(Salutation)、結(jié)尾敬語(yǔ)、結(jié)尾敬語(yǔ)(Complimentary Close)等五個(gè)方面來(lái)探討這一問(wèn)題。等五個(gè)方面來(lái)探討這一問(wèn)題。第一節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧 1. 案頭的翻譯案頭的翻譯 商務(wù)信函中的案頭指的是具體的貿(mào)易單位為方便業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)和檔案管理制
36、定的自定義分類編號(hào),主要作用是為了方便日后參照查詢。例如,某采購(gòu)部門為購(gòu)買某一商品發(fā)出訂購(gòu)函,該信是7月的第十封信,則案頭可以寫為PO 06-07-10。其中代表采購(gòu)部(Purchase Department), O代表order, 06-07-10代表2006年7月的第10封訂貨函。根據(jù)案頭這種作用,一般將其翻譯成“編號(hào)”、“引證號(hào)”、“文擋號(hào)”等。2. 收信人的翻譯收信人的翻譯 英語(yǔ)商務(wù)信函中, 寫信人有時(shí)會(huì)在信中寫上: Attention+收信單位某個(gè)職員的姓名或相關(guān)部門,表明他希望該職員或部門迅速辦理此事,可被翻譯成”經(jīng)辦人”或”煩交辦理”。 3. 稱呼的翻譯稱呼的翻譯 英語(yǔ)商務(wù)信函的
37、稱呼開(kāi)頭常用“Dear”一詞,表友好或禮貌,但是這和私人信函中的my dear, dear Mary等不同。在把它翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí),不宜翻譯成“親愛(ài)的”,因?yàn)檫@在漢語(yǔ)中 一般是用來(lái)稱呼親人或關(guān)系親密的朋友的。最好根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣,把它翻譯成“尊敬的” 或“敬啟者”,或者不翻譯“Dear”一詞,在稱呼下一行按照中國(guó)人寫信的習(xí)慣加上“您好!”或“ 你們好!”。其它的用法在上文(一)文章分析中已論述。4. 結(jié)尾敬語(yǔ)的翻譯結(jié)尾敬語(yǔ)的翻譯 英語(yǔ)商務(wù)信函的結(jié)尾敬語(yǔ)包括Best Wishes和Yours sincerely之類的套語(yǔ)。Best Wishes之類的是表示祝福的話,翻譯成漢語(yǔ)可以是“祝好”、“此致敬禮
38、”等。Yours sincerely不宜翻譯成“您忠實(shí)的”、“您真誠(chéng)的”,這不符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣,可把它翻譯成“敬上”或“謹(jǐn)上”。5. 專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯 由于商業(yè)信函與商業(yè)貿(mào)易業(yè)務(wù)往來(lái)有關(guān),必然牽扯到很多專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),因此在翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該盡量按照譯文習(xí)慣使用的術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行表達(dá),同時(shí),鑒于商業(yè)活動(dòng)的時(shí)間、空間和利益因素的影響,譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)應(yīng)力求簡(jiǎn)潔明了,但務(wù)必要將有關(guān)事務(wù)表達(dá)清楚,不能因追求簡(jiǎn)潔而忽視了準(zhǔn)確性。例如:(1) We have received your letter of July 1, enquiring about the best terms of the goods.譯文:已收悉貴公
39、司7月1日就優(yōu)惠條款詢盤的來(lái)函。原文中的enquiring是一個(gè)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),漢語(yǔ)里有“詢盤”與之對(duì)應(yīng)。同時(shí)為了簡(jiǎn)潔,譯文省略了主語(yǔ)。 由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)方式上的不同,英漢翻譯時(shí)不可以千篇一律由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)方式上的不同,英漢翻譯時(shí)不可以千篇一律地把英語(yǔ)某一詞類照譯成漢語(yǔ)的同一詞類,因?yàn)槟菢幼龀3?huì)使譯文含糊不清或地把英語(yǔ)某一詞類照譯成漢語(yǔ)的同一詞類,因?yàn)槟菢幼龀3?huì)使譯文含糊不清或者不夠通順。必須根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的需要把英語(yǔ)的某些詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯為漢語(yǔ)的其他詞類者不夠通順。必須根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的需要把英語(yǔ)的某些詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯為漢語(yǔ)的其他詞類,比如把名詞譯成動(dòng)詞,把動(dòng)詞譯成名詞,把形容詞譯成副詞等
40、。在外貿(mào)翻譯中,比如把名詞譯成動(dòng)詞,把動(dòng)詞譯成名詞,把形容詞譯成副詞等。在外貿(mào)翻譯中適當(dāng)注意詞類轉(zhuǎn)換有助于譯文更順暢、準(zhǔn)確,更符合習(xí)慣。下面介紹幾種主要詞適當(dāng)注意詞類轉(zhuǎn)換有助于譯文更順暢、準(zhǔn)確,更符合習(xí)慣。下面介紹幾種主要詞類的轉(zhuǎn)譯方法。類的轉(zhuǎn)譯方法。(一)(一) 非名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞非名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞1. 動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞例如:(1) The demand for foreign exchange arises because a countrys residents want to buy foreign goods.外匯需求的產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生是因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)國(guó)家的居民想購(gòu)買外國(guó)商品。(2) Th
41、e products of our factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.我廠產(chǎn)品的主要特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)是工藝精湛,經(jīng)久耐用。(3) You are kindly requested to “accept” this draft by signing on the back.請(qǐng)?jiān)趨R票背面簽上“承兌承兌”字樣。 第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯法詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯法第二節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧2. 代詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞代詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞例如:(1) After two years of study, they can expr
42、ess themselves in English now.經(jīng)過(guò)兩年的學(xué)習(xí),他們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)能夠用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)自己自己的思想了。(2) Though we cannot see it, there is air all around us.雖然我們看不見(jiàn)空氣空氣,但我們的周圍處處都是空氣。(3) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed although its form can be changed.雖然能量的形式可以轉(zhuǎn)換,但能量能量既不能被創(chuàng)造,也不能被消滅。3.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞例如:(1) At a constant price, t
43、he supply of commodity is positively proportional to its profit.價(jià)格不變,則一類商品的供應(yīng)數(shù)量與其所獲利潤(rùn)成正比例正比例。(2) The cheapest might be the dearest.價(jià)格最便宜的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格最便宜的產(chǎn)品也可能是價(jià)格最貴的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格最貴的產(chǎn)品。(3) The electrical appliances made in China are competitive in the world market.中國(guó)制造的電器產(chǎn)品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上很有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。第二節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧4. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞例
44、如:(1) It is officially announced that the unemployment rate will get lower next year.官方官方宣稱明年失業(yè)率會(huì)有所降低。(2) She is physically weak but mentally sound.她身體身體虛弱但智力智力健全。(3) The illustration shows schematically an air conditioning unit.該圖解為一臺(tái)空調(diào)裝置的簡(jiǎn)圖簡(jiǎn)圖。第二節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧1. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞例如:(1) We have decided to
45、place a trail order for the following on the terms stated in your letter.根據(jù)來(lái)函條款,我公司決定試訂試訂下列貨物。(2) The board of directors will hold a consultation about the matter.董事會(huì)將商議商議此事。(3) The adoption of our companys new set of equipment will greatly down the percentage of defective products.采用采用本公司的全套新設(shè)備可大大降
46、低廢品率。(二)二) 非動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞非動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞2. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞例如:(1) Please let us know if our terms are acceptable.請(qǐng)告知是否接受接受我方條款。(2) We are hopeful of success in this business.我們希望希望生意做成。(3) They are quite content with the statistical date on exports and imports of last year.他們滿足于滿足于去年的進(jìn)出口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。 第二節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧3. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯
47、成動(dòng)詞副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞(1) The oil has been up. The car sells languidly.石油漲價(jià)漲價(jià)了,小車銷售不暢。(2) Our machine is down.我們的機(jī)器壞壞了。(3) We are two days ahead of schedule.我們比原計(jì)劃提前提前了兩天。4. 介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞(1) This is an airliner for New York.這是飛往飛往紐約的班機(jī)。(2) As your old friend, I have to tell you frankly that the busin
48、ess between us in the last two years has not been satisfactory.作為作為老朋友,我坦率地告訴你,近兩年來(lái)我們雙方的業(yè)務(wù)并不令人滿意。(3) The European Community is the best instrument for this purpose.歐洲共同體是服務(wù)于服務(wù)于這一目的的最好工具。第二節(jié) 翻譯技巧翻譯技巧(三)在英語(yǔ)中,名詞(三)在英語(yǔ)中,名詞+of+名詞或代詞結(jié)構(gòu)很多,這種結(jié)構(gòu)常可譯為漢語(yǔ)的名詞或代詞結(jié)構(gòu)很多,這種結(jié)構(gòu)??勺g為漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)賓動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:(1) We have to make it
49、sure that the remittance of commission made as such is not against local regulations.我們得確保這樣匯付傭金匯付傭金不違反當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)定。(2) Price adjustment should by no means affect the performance of the contract.價(jià)格的調(diào)整決不應(yīng)該影響履行合同履行合同。(3) We are exporters of the above goods, having a background of some 30 years.我們出口上述商品出口上述商品,
50、已經(jīng)經(jīng)營(yíng)了30來(lái)年。(5) It is certainly a pleasure to have this order from you and we wish you the best of success in your sales promotion of the goods.承你方訂貨,實(shí)感榮幸,祝你們推銷貨物推銷貨物圓滿成功。在英漢轉(zhuǎn)換中,名詞與動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換最普遍,英語(yǔ)使用名詞多,漢語(yǔ)使用動(dòng)詞多,在翻譯中應(yīng)注意。第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐1. Edison patented over one thousand separate inventions during his life.
51、(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞)愛(ài)迪生一生中申請(qǐng)到一千多項(xiàng)發(fā)明專利。2. It is understood that a small lamp has a higher resistance than a larger one.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞) 不言而喻,小燈泡的電阻比大燈泡大。3. Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞) 不要讓羞怯妨礙我們生活的多姿多彩和成功。4. The new treaty would be valid for ten years.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞) 這條約的有效期為1
52、0年。5. They were regular visitors to the Guangzhou Fair.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞) 他們經(jīng)常參加廣交會(huì)一一. . 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求將下列句子譯成漢語(yǔ)。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求將下列句子譯成漢語(yǔ)。第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐6. The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)使用計(jì)算機(jī)可以大大提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。7. He said that the meeting was informative.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)他說(shuō)這
53、個(gè)會(huì)議使他知道了許多事情。8. The students are afraid that this chemical reaction will take place with great violence.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)學(xué)生們擔(dān)心這種化學(xué)變化發(fā)生時(shí)會(huì)伴有強(qiáng)烈的震動(dòng)。9. The librarian told me that the book was out.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)圖書管理員告訴我,那本書借出去了。10. The road to development is long but we are firmly on it.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)發(fā)展的道路是漫長(zhǎng)的,但是我們已經(jīng)堅(jiān)定地走上了這條道路。第
54、三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐11. Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes. (轉(zhuǎn)換成動(dòng)詞)胰島素用于治療糖尿病。12. Rationing by points is over and rationing by the purse is in.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)按人配給的制度已經(jīng)廢止,現(xiàn)在實(shí)行的是自由選購(gòu)。13. Heating water does not change its chemical composition. (轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞) 把水加熱不會(huì)改變水的化學(xué)成分。14. Be through with the discussion about
55、 all the details before the contract is signed.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)在簽定合同之前,務(wù)必要把全部細(xì)節(jié)討論完畢。15. The economic environment is characterized by buyers, sellers and competitors.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的特點(diǎn)是買、賣和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐16. He is for the suggestion, but I am against it. (轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)他支持這個(gè)意見(jiàn), 我反對(duì)。17. He is physically weak but mental
56、ly sound. (轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞)他身體雖弱,但思想健康。18. As the market is declining, we recommend your immediate acceptance. (轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞)行情正在下跌,建議你方立即接受。19. Formality has always characterized their relationship.(轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞)他們之間的關(guān)系, 有一個(gè)特點(diǎn), 就是以禮相待。20. M. Gorky had deep sympathy for the insulted and the injured. (轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞)高爾基對(duì)于受侮辱的和受損害的人有
57、深厚的同情心。 第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐1. 詢問(wèn)函詢問(wèn)函Dear Mr. Johnson, Would you please quote for delivery and installation of new furniture for the refectory and office of our company? 1. The refectory area is approximately 30m20m and we require six dining tables, each with four chairs from your No.4 range, and twelve
58、“Junior Executive” chairs. 2. Would you please quote price inclusive of transportation and insurance, and inform us when delivery will take place? We look forward to receiving quotation soon, as we shall need to make a final decision in the matter before the end of this financial year. Yours sincere
59、ly, Purchasing Department Manager二將下列商務(wù)信函譯成漢語(yǔ)。二將下列商務(wù)信函譯成漢語(yǔ)。第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐1. 詢問(wèn)函詢問(wèn)函尊敬的約翰遜先生: 請(qǐng)問(wèn)貴公司能否報(bào)一份為我公司餐廳和辦公室提供新家具以及運(yùn)輸安裝的價(jià)格? 1餐廳面積大約是30米20米,我們需要6張餐桌,每張配4把椅子,從4號(hào)系列中挑選。同時(shí),辦公室還需要12把“基層經(jīng)理”用椅。 2請(qǐng)?jiān)趫?bào)價(jià)中加進(jìn)運(yùn)輸費(fèi)和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi),并告知我方交貨時(shí)間。 鑒于我們要在本財(cái)政年度前將此事確定下來(lái),我們希望能盡早收到貴公司的報(bào)價(jià)。 采購(gòu)部經(jīng)理謹(jǐn)上第三節(jié)第三節(jié) 翻譯實(shí)踐翻譯實(shí)踐2. 答復(fù)函(答復(fù)函(1)Dear Mr.
60、Holmes, “Export Guides for Asia” is being mailed to you today with our compliments. If you need additional copies, just let me know.Youll see in the circular enclosed that International Air Cargo also has available export guides to other areas. If you have to use any of the guides listed, just drop me a no
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