人教版英語七年級下冊短語句型知識點總結(jié)Unit4Don’teatinclass

1、Unit4 Don t eat in class.短語歸納1. on time準時，按時2. listen to聽 3. in class在課上4. be late for 做 遲到5. have to不得不6. be quiet安靜7. go out外出8. do the dishes清洗餐具9. make breakfast 做早飯10. make (one s) 鋪bed床11. be noisy 吵鬧12. keep one s hair short留短發(fā)13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩14. play the piano 彈鋼琴15. have fun 玩得高興16.

2、 make rules制訂規(guī)則17. dinning hall 餐廳18. arrive late for class 遲到19. music player 音樂播放器20. school uniform 校服21. make one s bed鋪床22. make breakfast/friends 做早飯 / 交朋友23. fight with somebody 和某人打架25. eat outside在外面吃飯26. be happy/unhappy about sth為某事高興 / 不高興27. follow the rules 遵守規(guī)則用法集萃1. must +動詞原形 =have

3、to do不得不做某事。2. 幫助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth; help sb with sth; help sb with doing sth3. too many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 太多的 / too much + 不可數(shù)名詞太多.4. practice doing sth. 練習做某事5. be strict with sb. 對某人要求嚴格be strict in sth.對某事要求嚴格6. leave sth sp. 把某物落在某地7. keep+賓語 +形容詞使 保持某種狀態(tài)8. learn to do sth.學會做某事9. have to do sth.

4、不得不做某事10. tell sb about sth告訴某人有關某事11. make rules 制定規(guī)則； follows the rules遵守規(guī)則；break the rules違反規(guī)則12. keep + 名詞 / 代詞 + 形容詞 表示保持某物怎么樣keep quiet 保持安靜；keep your hair short保持短頭發(fā)；keep your room clean13. remember記住、記得常用短語：Remember sth/sb記住某事、某物、某人Remember to do sth記住做某事（事情還沒做）Remember doing sth記得做過某事（事情已經(jīng)做

5、過了）保持房間干凈14. Learn 學習、學會、習得、得知Learn sth 學習某事Learn doing sth 學習做某事learn speaking English； learn the guitarLearn to do sth學習做某事learn to speak English15. Think about = think of考慮、認為典句必背1. Don t arrive late for class上.課不要遲到。2. Can we bring music players to school? 我們可以帶音樂播放器到學校嗎？3. And we always have to

6、 wear the school uniform. 并且我們總是不得不穿校服。4. There are too many rules! 有太多的規(guī)則！5. Don t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!不要把臟盤子留在廚房里！6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短發(fā)。話題寫作主題：規(guī)則Dear Tom,Thanks for your last letter. You want to know the rules in our school. Now let me tell you about them.We ca

7、n t arrive late for class. We can t talk loudly in class. We should keep quiet. When we meet our teachers onour way, we should say hello to them. We can t eat or drink in class, and we can t listen to music oclass.I think we have too many rules. What about yours? Please write and tell me.Yours,Li Mi

8、ng語法知識點歸納Section A1. Have to 和 mustMust: 必須Have to: 不得不、必須肯定式：must + 動詞原形肯定式：have / has to + 動詞原形否定式：must + not + 動詞原形否定式：dont/ doesn t have to動+詞原形或 needn t +動詞原形疑問句：Do/Does + 主語 + have to + 動詞原形？疑問句：Must + 主語 .?回答： must 引起的疑問句， 肯定回答用 must 或 haveto ，否定回答要用 needn 或tdon t have to“不必”You must go home

9、now.It s too late. I have to go to bed.You mustn t smoke here.They don t have to finish the work today.Must I do homework now?He has to leave home.Yes, you must/ No., you needn t.Does he have to leave home?Yes, he does/ No, he doesn t.二者否定式的意義大不相同。Have to 的否定式表示 “不必”，而 must not/ mustn 表t示“不準、 千萬不能”n

10、eedn t = don t have to2、Rule 規(guī)則、規(guī)定，可數(shù)名詞School rules 校規(guī)； class rules 班規(guī)； family rules 家規(guī)；follow the rules遵守規(guī)則； break the rules 違反規(guī)則。traffic rules交通規(guī)則；make the rules制定規(guī)則；3、 Don t arrive late for class. (P. 19)arrive 作不及物動詞，表示 “到達 ”，接賓語時，需要加上介詞in 或者at。Arrive in +大地方Arrive at +小地方I usually arrive at the

11、 bus station at 6:30 every morning.When did you arrive in Shanghai?When did you arrive?We are arriving at the station at two o clock.【拓展】 reach表示“到達”時，是及物動詞，后面直接接表示地點的名詞作賓語。另外兩個表示“到達”的動詞（ get 和 arrive）都是不及物動詞， get to+地點； arrive in/at+地點。After a long way, they reached/got to/arrived at the top of the

12、 mountain finally.4、 You must be on time. (P. 19)（ be）on time= on schedule 準時、按時（按規(guī)定時間）Don t worry, the train will arrive on time別擔心，火車會準時到達的。In time:及時（不遲到或接近規(guī)定時間）His car arrives in time.他的車及時趕到。5、 Don t listen to music in class. (P. 19)Listen 不及物動詞，加to 才能后接賓語，表示聽的過程和動作Hear 及物動詞，表示聽到的結(jié)果。Listen! Som

13、eone is calling for help. 聽！有人在呼救！Please listen to me 請聽我說I hear the telephone ringing.我聽到電話鈴在響。6. Don t fight. .(P19)fight 此處用作動詞，意為“打架” ，fight with sb. 意為“與某人打架” 。Why do you sometimes fight with others?7. listen to music outside (P. 20)outside 表示“在外邊”，反義詞為 inside“在里面”。Don t stay inside all the tim

14、e. Let s go outside to play together.8、in class 在上課In the class 在班上；在班級里In the classroom在教室里9、 Can we bring music players to school? (P. 20)bring 、 take， carry, fetch 的區(qū)別Bring: “把 .帶過來，拿過來”bring sth here/ bring sb (sth) to + 地點 / bring sb sth= bring sth to sbTake: 把 .帶走，帶離這里take away sth/ take sb/st

15、h to + 地點Carry: 拿動、搬動、攜帶，不管移動方向是朝向說話者，還是離開說話者。The mother carries her baby in her arms.母親懷里抱著她的孩子。Fetch: 去拿來，也就是說，包括“去”，有包括“來”的意思。I asked her to fetch me an evening paper.我求她去給我拿一張晚報來。10、wear a hat (P . 20)wear 此處用作及物動詞，意為“穿、戴” ，表示穿著的狀態(tài)，賓語可以是衣帽或者飾品。She likes wearing a red coat.The young lady wears a

16、pair of sunglasses.【拓展】辨析 wear, put on和 dresswearput ondress穿著穿上給 穿衣服側(cè)重于穿戴的狀態(tài)側(cè)重于穿戴的動作指給自己或者他人穿衣服The girl wears a red coat today.Put on your coat. It is cold outside.The boy is too young to dress himself.Section B1. practice the guitar (P . 22)practice 用作及物動詞，表示“練習、訓練”，后接名詞或者動名詞作賓語。The girl is practi

17、cing playing the piano in the room.2. help his mom make breakfast (P. 22) help sb. with sth.幫助某人某事Can you help me with my homework? help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事He often helps his mother clean do housework. with the help of 在的幫助下With the help of the doctor, the man gets better.3. There are too many

18、rules! (P. 23)too many 意為 “太多 ”，用作形容詞時，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。There are too many students in our school.【拓展】 too much, much too 和 too many 辨析too much太多（的）用作形容詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞I have too much homework to do.用作副詞，修飾動詞Donteat too much.much too太用作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞The picture is much too beautiful.too many太多的用作形容詞， 修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)The litt

19、le boy has too many questions to ask.4. Dontleave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! (P. 23)leave 此處用作及物動詞，意為“留下、剩下”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：leave+賓語 +地點狀語，表示“把某物忘在某地”。I left my pen in the bedroom.5. After dinner, I can trelax either . (P. 23)also, too, as well 與 either 都可以表示 “也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行為動詞前， be 動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞之后

20、。He also wants to go.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗號隔開。He wants to go, either.as用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗號隔開。He wants to go as well.welleither用于否定句句末。He doesntwant to go either6. Parents and schools are sometimes strict , but remember, they make rules to help us. (P. 23)(1) sometimes 是頻度副詞，意為 “有時 ”，相當于 at times 。I som

21、etimes play computer games on weekends.【拓展】辨析sometimes, some times, sometime與 some timesometimes有時Sometimes he had lunch at school.some times幾次、幾倍Ive been to the museum some times.sometime某時I will visit Daming sometime this summer vacation.some time一段時間She has lived here for some time.(2) strict 用作形

22、容詞，意為“嚴格的、嚴厲的” ，常用的短語為： be strict with sb. “對某人嚴格要求” 。She is strict with her son.(3) remember 的用法 remember to do sth. “記得要去做某事” ，強調(diào)動作還沒有發(fā)生。Remember to close the door when you leave. remember doing sth. “記得做過某事” ，強調(diào)動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。I remembered meeting him before. but I was not sure where it is.7. .I have to/m

23、ustkeep my hair short. (P. 24) keep sth. 保留某物 keep doing sth. 一直做某事 keep+adj. 保持 keep sb./sth.+adj./ 介詞短語 保持某人 /某物 keep sb. doing sth. 保持某人做某事The mother kept the baby crying on the bed.8. .because I have to learn to play the piano. (P. 24)learn 用作及物動詞，表示“學習”，后常接名詞、代詞或者動詞不定式作賓語。He is learning a secon

24、d foreign language.Children should learn to walk by themselves.9. I never have fun . (P. 24)have fun 意為“玩得開心” ，相當于 have a good/great time 或者 enjoy oneself 。 have fun doing sth. 意為“做某事很開心” 。We have fun learning English.【語法講解】一 祈使句1 祈使句定義用于表達 命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止 等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句的動詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時，句末則使用句號或感嘆號。2 祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)（ 1）第二人稱祈使句通常用來向聽話者發(fā)出命令，提出要求或建議。這種祈使句的主語you 通常不表示出來，而是以動詞原形開頭。（ 2）第一、三人稱祈使句是以第一人稱、第三人稱代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對象，這類祈使句通常以let 為引導詞表建議。3 祈使句的強調(diào)形式及否定形式（ 1）祈使句的強調(diào)形式是在整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前加do。（ 2）祈使句的否定形式是在整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前加don t 或 never。（ 3）以 let 為引導詞的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Lets 或 Let us/ me后加not 。4 祈使句的反意疑問句（ 1） Lets 表示第一人稱的祈使句，反意疑問部分為“sha