國際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù) Arbitration英文課件完整版

1、LOGO國際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)國際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)Arbitration Learning ObjectivesvUnderstand the definition and the characteristics of ArbitrationvLearn the importance and contents of arbitration agreement or clauseContentsSection 1 Definition of Arbitration Section 2 Characteristic of arbitrationSection 3 Forms of Arbitration Agree

2、mentSection 4 Functions of Arbitration Agreement Section 5 Elements of Arbitration AgreementsSection 6 Arbitration clause in a contract When disputes arise between the seller and the buyer, there are four ways to settle down in sequence: negotiation, conciliation, arbitration and litigation. Friendl

3、y negotiation and conciliation are the most popular ways in the process of dispute settlement, which are able to maintain friendship between the exporter and the importer. When negotiation and do not work, should the two parties turn to and . Litigation, a process in law instituted by one party to a

4、nother to do him justice is usually costly and time-consuming. Compared with litigation, arbitration is a better alternative. In this section, we are going to have a further introduction on arbitration. conciliation n. 安撫安撫,撫慰撫慰,懷柔懷柔conciliationarbitration n. 仲裁仲裁,公斷公斷arbitrationlitigation n. 訴訟訴訟,起

5、訴起訴litigationcompel v. 強(qiáng)迫強(qiáng)迫,迫使迫使compel Arbitration refers to that the two parties, before or after the disputes arise, reach a written agreement that they will submit the disputes which cannot be settled through amicable negotiations to a third party for arbitration.Both parties shall settle the dis

6、putes complying with the result of arbitration as the arbitration result has legally force.Section 1 Definition of Arbitration bind v. 綁綁,約束約束,裝訂裝訂 binding 1. An arbitral body composing of dignitaries or experts in the field is set to settle trade disputes, neither a governmental power nor with a co

7、ercive jurisdiction. The settlement of the case is based on the will of both parties involved. 2. The parties involved shall sign an arbitral agreement before resorting to arbitration.The parties involved are granted with the right to choose the arbitrators. 3. Arbitration is simpler in procedures,

8、less costly and time consuming than litigation. 4. An arbitral verdict has a legally binding force,and is usually final, and binding upon both parties.Section 2 Characteristic of arbitrationSection 3 Forms of Arbitration Agreement vThere are two forms for arbitration agreement:1.Arbitration Clause:

9、the arbitration agreement concluded before the dispute,agreeing to settle the possible disputes through arbitration.Such agreement is generally included in the relevant sales contract as one clause of the contract.2.The agreement for arbitration:It is concluded by both patries involved after the dis

10、pute, agreeing to settle the dispute through arbitration.Section 4 Functions of Arbitration Agreement1.The both parties involved are bound to the arbitration agreement.When a dispute arises, it shall be settled through arbitration, instead of resorting to litigation.If one party files a suit at the

11、court, the other party has right to require the court to stop the proceedings of the case.2. If one party breaches the arbitration agreement and has resorts to the court at its own will, the other party may require the court to refuse the case according to the arbitration agreement, and brings the c

12、ase to the arbitral tribunal for judgment.An arbitration agreement can exclude the jurisdiction of court effectively.3.The arbitration tribunal or arbitrator is granted the jurisdiction of the case concerning the dispute. Arbitration clauses in the contract will usually include the following terms:

13、Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements 1. The arbitration body There are two forms of arbitration: institutional arbitration and ad hoc arbitration. The arbitration body can be a temporary organized body for specific arbitration and which is when the arbitration is over, or it may be a permane

14、nt arbitration body, such as the Arbitration Court of International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), the London Court of Arbitration, and American Arbitration Association and so on. dismiss v. 解散解散,開除開除dismissed In our country, the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC) in

15、Beijing, and its chapters in Shenzhen and ShanghaSection 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements2. Place of arbitration The place of arbitration will decide which arbitration rules or laws are applicable. The arbitration place can be anywhere in the sellers country, the buyers country or a third countr

16、y. The concerned parties always try to choose a place of arbitration they know well. Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements The arbitration clause will stipulate how arbitration is to apply, to work, how arbitrators are to be appointed, and how the case will be heard. We can divide the procedu

17、res into several steps: (1)application for arbitration; (2)composition of arbitration tribunal; (3)hearing; (4)award. 3. Arbitration procedures & Rules Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements5. Arbitration fees An award is the decision made by the arbitration tribunal. It must be in written

18、 form with or without explanations or reasons. An arbitration clause must provide that the arbitral award is final, which is the of excluding the of litigation of courts by the arbitration clause. If an arbitration clause doesnt conclude that the arbitral award is final, CIETAC will not accept the c

19、ase. incarnation n. 賦予肉體賦予肉體,具人形具人形,化身化身incarnationjurisdiction n. 司法權(quán)司法權(quán),審判權(quán)審判權(quán),管轄權(quán)管轄權(quán)jurisdiction4. Arbitration award Generally, the arbitration clause shall provide that the arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party. Section 6 Arbitration clause in a contract The following is an example

20、 of arbitration clause in a contract: Example: “All disputes in connection with the contract or the execution thereof shall be settled through friendly negotiations. In case no settlement can be reached through negotiations, the case should then be submitted for arbitration to the Foreign Trade Arbi

21、tration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade. The decision rendered by the said Commission shall be final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party.” Notes 返回1. Ad hoc arbitration: 臨時(shí)仲裁制度, 臨時(shí)仲裁制度是解決商事糾紛的一項(xiàng)非常重要的制度,經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展 機(jī)

22、構(gòu)仲裁的不足和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得臨時(shí)仲裁得到世界上多數(shù)國家的認(rèn)同 臨時(shí)仲裁,強(qiáng)調(diào)自然公正 自由和效率的兼顧2. The China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC):中國國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì),原名中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)對(duì)外貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì),后名中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì),現(xiàn)名中國國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)(以下簡稱仲裁委員會(huì)),以仲裁的方式,獨(dú)立 公正地解決契約性或非契約性的經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛 Case 1 我國某外貿(mào)公司于某外商簽訂一份出口合同，合同中的仲裁條款訂明仲裁地點(diǎn)為北京，后來發(fā)生交貨

23、品質(zhì)糾紛，外商不愿到北京仲裁，于是在當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ浩鹪V，當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ合蛭彝赓Q(mào)公司寄來傳票。問：我國公司應(yīng)如何應(yīng)對(duì)？ 答：我國公司可以不去出庭應(yīng)訴，將傳票退還給外國法院，指出其對(duì)該案件是沒有管轄權(quán)的，將爭議案件交由北京仲裁庭裁決。分析：我國公司與外商的出口合同中明確有以雙方自愿為基礎(chǔ)的仲裁，外商不但不遵守，且在當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ浩鹪V。根據(jù)仲裁的作用，外商的做法違背了仲裁協(xié)議，是無理論依據(jù)的，故我國公司可以將傳票退還給外國法院，指出其對(duì)該案件沒有管轄權(quán)，堅(jiān)持該案件由北京仲裁庭裁斷。case 219911991年年1212月月2828日，中國某進(jìn)出口公司向美國某開發(fā)公司訂購日，中國某進(jìn)出口公司向美國某開發(fā)公司訂購900

24、09000噸鋼材，后因美噸鋼材，后因美國某開發(fā)公司元力履行合同，美方提出由瑞士某公司（下稱瑞士公司）供貨。這國某開發(fā)公司元力履行合同，美方提出由瑞士某公司（下稱瑞士公司）供貨。這期間瑞士公司曾經(jīng)幾次來電謊稱期間瑞士公司曾經(jīng)幾次來電謊稱“貨已在裝船港待運(yùn)貨已在裝船港待運(yùn) ，“裝船日期為裝船日期為19921992年年3 3月月3131日日 ，“所供鋼材可能由我們意大利生產(chǎn)廠或西班牙生產(chǎn)廠交貨所供鋼材可能由我們意大利生產(chǎn)廠或西班牙生產(chǎn)廠交貨 ，誘使中方與，誘使中方與其簽訂合同，雙方約定的購銷鋼材數(shù)量為其簽訂合同，雙方約定的購銷鋼材數(shù)量為91809180噸，價(jià)噸，價(jià)229.5229.5萬美元。萬美元。

25、中方即時(shí)向瑞士公司匯付了全部貨款，但是中方遲遲未收到訂購的鋼材。為中方即時(shí)向瑞士公司匯付了全部貨款，但是中方遲遲未收到訂購的鋼材。為此中方曾多次向瑞士公司方交涉，但瑞士公司方面或者拒不答復(fù)，或者以種種借此中方曾多次向瑞士公司方交涉，但瑞士公司方面或者拒不答復(fù)，或者以種種借口托辭搪塞。經(jīng)中方一再催促之后瑞士公司才于口托辭搪塞。經(jīng)中方一再催促之后瑞士公司才于19921992年年9 9月月5 5日回電稱日回電稱“中國港口中國港口擁擠，船舶將改變航線擁擠，船舶將改變航線 ，“最遲抵達(dá)日期預(yù)計(jì)為最遲抵達(dá)日期預(yù)計(jì)為19921992年年1010月月2020日日 。但屆時(shí)中方。但屆時(shí)中方仍未收到鋼材，再次去電

26、交涉，瑞方竟然全盤推卸自己的責(zé)任。仍未收到鋼材，再次去電交涉，瑞方竟然全盤推卸自己的責(zé)任。事后查明，瑞士公司在意大利和西班牙既無鋼廠，也無鋼材；瑞方所提供的事后查明，瑞士公司在意大利和西班牙既無鋼廠，也無鋼材；瑞方所提供的意大利卡里奧托鋼廠的鋼材質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)證書重量證書及裝箱單均系偽造。瑞方提交意大利卡里奧托鋼廠的鋼材質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)證書重量證書及裝箱單均系偽造。瑞方提交的提單上的裝運(yùn)船的提單上的裝運(yùn)船“阿基羅拉阿基羅拉 號(hào)號(hào)19921992年根本未在提單載明的裝運(yùn)港意大利接斯年根本未在提單載明的裝運(yùn)港意大利接斯佩扎停泊過，從而證明瑞士公司既未將鋼材托運(yùn)裝船，所提交的提單也是偽造的佩扎停泊過，從而證明瑞士

27、公司既未將鋼材托運(yùn)裝船，所提交的提單也是偽造的意圖欺詐中方貨款。其所稱意圖欺詐中方貨款。其所稱“中國港口擁擠，船舶將改變航線中國港口擁擠，船舶將改變航線 也是虛構(gòu)的。也是虛構(gòu)的。19931993年年3 3月月2424日，中方向中國某市中級(jí)人民法院提起訴訟，指出瑞士公司侵日，中方向中國某市中級(jí)人民法院提起訴訟，指出瑞士公司侵權(quán)，要求其賠償中方經(jīng)濟(jì)損失共計(jì)權(quán)，要求其賠償中方經(jīng)濟(jì)損失共計(jì)550550萬美元。起訴的同時(shí)申請(qǐng)財(cái)產(chǎn)保全。法院萬美元。起訴的同時(shí)申請(qǐng)財(cái)產(chǎn)保全。法院接到原告起訴及財(cái)產(chǎn)保全申請(qǐng)后，首先審查后準(zhǔn)許中方的保全申請(qǐng)，裁定凍結(jié)了接到原告起訴及財(cái)產(chǎn)保全申請(qǐng)后，首先審查后準(zhǔn)許中方的保全申請(qǐng)，裁

28、定凍結(jié)了瑞士公司在某銀行的托收貨款瑞士公司在某銀行的托收貨款440440余萬美元。被告在答辯的同時(shí)提出反訴，要求余萬美元。被告在答辯的同時(shí)提出反訴，要求中方賠償其貨款被凍結(jié)而造成的利息損失及律師費(fèi)用。中方賠償其貨款被凍結(jié)而造成的利息損失及律師費(fèi)用。v某市中級(jí)人民法院在一審后作出判決：瑞士公司應(yīng)償還中國公司的鋼材貨款2290250美元，并賠償中方各項(xiàng)損失2846418.60美元；同時(shí)駁回被告的反訴。被告不服，向某市高級(jí)人民法院提出上訴，認(rèn)為雙方當(dāng)事人之間簽訂的鋼材買賣合同中訂有仲裁條款，根據(jù)中國已加入的承認(rèn)及執(zhí)行外國仲裁裁決公約中國法院對(duì)此案無管轄權(quán)；同時(shí)認(rèn)為中方在不同法院對(duì)瑞方提出重復(fù)訴訟不當(dāng)：一審法院裁定凍結(jié)與本案無關(guān)的貨款不當(dāng)：認(rèn)定其有欺詐行為元事實(shí)根據(jù)。根據(jù)中華人民共和國涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)合同法的規(guī)定，禁止把間接損失作為賠償，一審判決損害賠償數(shù)額過高，且無事實(shí)根據(jù)，請(qǐng)求撤銷原判決。v高級(jí)人民法院經(jīng)二審審理后確認(rèn)：瑞士公司使用欺詐手段誘使中方與其簽訂合同，之后又在貨物未裝船的情況下，偽造單據(jù)，騙取中方巨額貨款，不僅構(gòu)成了破壞合同，而且還構(gòu)成了侵權(quán)。中方有權(quán)向法院提起侵權(quán)之訴，而不受雙方所訂立的合同仲裁條款的約束。根據(jù)中華人民共和國民事訴訟法第20條規(guī)定：“因侵權(quán)行為提起