初三英語寒假專題復(fù)習(xí)四--形容詞和副詞

1、 戴氏精品堂菏澤校區(qū) 初三寒假班英語專題 講義 Mr. Zhao 戴氏教育語錄天下：Do not, for one repulse, forgot the purpose that you resolved to effort.不要只因一次挫敗，就放棄你原來決心想達(dá)到的目的。形容詞adj.考點(diǎn)一 形容詞比較級和最高級一、概念形容詞是用來修飾名詞、代詞，說明人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞。二、形容詞的用法及位置1. 作定語，放在名詞之前，不定代詞之后。The nice girl is my sister. 這個(gè)漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。I have something important to tel

2、l you.我有一些重要的事情要告訴你。2. 作表語，放在系動詞之后。He looks very happy.Our school is big and clean.3. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語之后，常與make, find, leave, keep等使役動詞連用。You must keep your eyes closed.I find it hard to travel around the big city.三、部分形容詞特有的后綴形式四、形容詞的比較級和最高級絕大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式,即原級,比較級和最高級, 用以表示形容詞說明的性質(zhì)在程度上的不同。三級形式的用法公式:1.形容詞原級的

3、特殊用法（1）表示A與B在某方面程度相同或不同時(shí)用形容詞原級?？隙ň浣Y(jié)構(gòu)：A+be +as+形容詞原級+as+B 。 如： English is as interesting as Chinese.否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be+not+形容詞原級+as+B。 如：This book isnt so new as that one.（2）表示“A是B的······倍”時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級+as+B（二倍：twice，三倍及以上：基數(shù)詞+times）。 如：Our school is three times as big a

4、s theirs.同樣，“A是B的一半”為“A+be+half+as+形容詞原級+as+B”Her room is half as big than mine.2.形容詞比較級的用法（1）兩者之間比較時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be+比較級+than+B。 如：Lilys room is bigger than mine.（2）表示“幾倍于······”時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be+倍數(shù)+比較級+than+B。 如;Your room is three times bigger than mine.（3）兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇“哪一個(gè)更··&#

5、183;···”時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：Which/Who+is+比較級，A or B?Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?（4）表示“越來越······”時(shí)，用比較級and比較級和more and more +形容詞比較級。Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. （5

6、）表示“越······越······”時(shí)，用“the+比較級···，the+比較級···”。 如：The more you learn English, the better your English will be.3.形容詞最高級的用法（1）三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用最高級形式。結(jié)構(gòu)：the+最高級+名詞+in/ofShanghai is the biggest city in China.He is the

7、fastest runner of the three boys.（2）在三者或三者之間進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)，用“Which/Who is + the + 最高級，A，B or C?”Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?（3）表示“最······的······之一”時(shí)，用“one of the+最高級”。Zhang Jie is one of the most popular singers.

8、 （4）形容詞最高級前可以加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾最······”。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（5）形容詞最高級前可由物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾。 如：This is our best lesson today.Those happiest days have gone.副 詞adv.考點(diǎn)二 副詞比較級和最高級一、概念及分類副詞是主要用來修飾 動詞、形容詞、句子，以說明其時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等意義的詞。² 副詞的分類（主要有八類）：1時(shí)

9、間副詞soon, now, then, today, early, finally, once, recently, late5頻度副詞always, often, frequently, seldom, never, usually, ever, never, yet2地點(diǎn)副詞in, out, here, down, away, there, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑問副詞how, where, when, why3方式副詞hard, well, fast, slowly, happily, really, carefully, suddenly7連

10、接副詞how, when, where, why, whether, however, therefore, then, otherwise4程度副詞much, almost, nearly, very, little, fairly, quite, rather, so, too8關(guān)系副詞when, where, why二、副詞的用法及位置² 副詞的用法1. 作狀語。He works hard.（修飾動詞）He parked the car very easily.（修飾副詞）Unfortunately, he was out.（修飾句子）2.作定語。 Write your nam

11、e in the place below. The weather today is fine.注：只有時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞可以做定語。3.作表語。He is back. She was abroad all last summer.I must be off now.注：作表語的副詞多是表位置或狀態(tài)的，如in, out, on, back, down, up, off, away, upstairs。4. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell.We saw her off two da

12、ys ago.Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父親把他關(guān)在家里做作業(yè))注:地點(diǎn)副詞一般可以做賓語補(bǔ)足語。² 副詞的位置1) 修飾名詞時(shí)（作定語），放在被修飾詞之后 The villagers there are busy getting in wheat 2) 副詞修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí),副詞在前面,而被修飾的詞在后面。 It's rather easy, I can do it. 這很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well. 他做得相當(dāng)好。 3) 頻度副詞可放在實(shí)義動詞的前面,情態(tài)動詞和

13、第一個(gè)助動詞之后。 I often help him these days. 這些日子我經(jīng)常幫助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常記得我第一次來學(xué)校的那一天。 You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是幫助我。The work has never been done. 這份工作永遠(yuǎn)也做不完。4) 疑問副詞,連接副詞,關(guān)系副詞以及修飾整個(gè)句子的副詞,通常放在句子（從句）的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)? Can yo

14、u tell me how you did it? 你能告訴我你如何做的嗎? First, let me ask you some questions. 先讓我來問幾個(gè)問題。 5) 時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞在一個(gè)句中, 地點(diǎn)副詞在前面,時(shí)間副詞在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九點(diǎn)鐘我們到超市買東西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ 三、副詞比較等級的用法副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的

15、比較級和最高級形式. (可以參考形容詞的變換形式)。1、規(guī)則變化(1)單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)副詞,在原級的后面加上er,est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。a)直接加er,est ：hard harder hardest ； fast faster fastest b)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母,后加er,est：hot hotter hottest ; fat fatter fattestc)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,先把y改為i再加上er,est：easy easier easiest; early earlier earliest(2)兩個(gè)音節(jié)或兩個(gè)以上的音節(jié)的,在原級前加more / m

16、ost. 提示：以詞尾 -ly 結(jié)尾的副詞（除 early ）須用 more 和 most。2、不規(guī)則變化:原級比較級最高級good好的better更好的best最好的well好地；(身體)好的,bad, badly糟糕的, 糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身體)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身體)最不舒服的ill(身體)不舒服的many許多的(可數(shù))more更多的；更most最多的；最much許多的(不可數(shù))；非常little少的, 少地less更少的least最少的far遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)地farther更遠(yuǎn)的；更遠(yuǎn)地farthest最遠(yuǎn)的；最遠(yuǎn)地further進(jìn)一步的(地)fur

17、thest最深刻的(地)副詞三級的用法：級別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例 句備 注原級同等程度肯定形式as+原級+as(像一樣)Play the piano as well as you can.They work as hard as you do. 否定形式not + so (as) +原+as(不如那樣)I cant run so(as)fast as Bill.I dont go there as much as

18、 I used.比較級不同程度（用于兩者比較）比較級+than(比)I like chicken better than beef.He studied the subject much further than I do比較級前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比較級+and+比較級（越來越）The + 比較級，the + 比較級（越, 越）He studies better and better.The more she rea

19、ds, the better she understand.最高級最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高級+of (in)(最)Lin Tao jumped farthest of all.Tom runs fastest in our class.副詞最高級前面的the 往往省略【真題演練】【2014黃岡】Tina, breakfast is ready. Dad cooked it for us.It cant have been Father. He _ early on Sundays.A. always gets up    B. often go

20、t up C. had got up     D. never gets up【2014河南】Where shall we eat tonight?              Lets call Harry. He _ knows the best places to go.            A. on

21、ly           B. nearly         C. seldom        D. always【2014北京】Which season do  you like _, winter or summer?          Summer.&#

22、160;         A. well       B. better     C. best       D. the best【2014鄂州】He was chosen to be a volunteer of the Olympic Games.         

23、;   Great! No one speaks English _ him.         A. as beautiful as   B. as badly as    C. worse than   D. better than 【2014揚(yáng)州】Its said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful.       

24、0;    Thats true. We clapped our hands _ many times during his speech yesterday.           A. excited     B. excitedly    C. exciting       D. excitingly【2

25、014咸寧】As we know its difficult to live in a foreign country.             _  if you cant understand the language there.           A. Exactly     B. Naturall

26、y      C. Usually     D. Especially【2014長沙】Oh, it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.            Well, I think Kate danced _than lily.          &

27、#160;A. well      B. better      C. best【2014連云港】I could _ control my feelings at the moment. The song brought back so many childhood memories.A. really    B. hardly     C. nearly       D. c

28、learly【2014重慶】Lin Fang comes home _ than before this term. She doesnt have so many classes in the afternoon.           A. early         B. earlier        C. late

29、0;        D. later【2014安徽】If my friends have any problems, my door is _ open to them. A. never   B. seldom   C. sometimes    D. always 【2014重慶】Ill _ stay at that  hotel again. Its so dirty and noisy. A. really  

30、;       B.  usually         C. still          D. never 【2014白銀】He is the only one who failed in the math exam.           

31、;  Really? You mean he studies _.              A. the most careful                   B. the least careful C. the most carefully

32、60;                D. the least carefully【2014南昌】My sister _ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. A. always        B. sometimes     C. hardl

33、y         D. never 【2014寧波】Did you go to the cinema last night?Oh, no. I _ go to the cinema. The tickets, you know, are too expensive. A. always         B. hardly         

34、; C. usually        D. often【2014東營】On March 8th , Flight MH 370 went missing. The news brought great sadness to us,          the families of the passengers. A. even          B. on

35、ly            C. also           D. especially【2014天津】We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class.A. clearly      B. carefully      

36、60; C. carelessly       D. properly【2014溫州】How often do you go skating?_. I cant skate at all.             A. Always       B. Sometimes      C. Seldom

37、          D. Never【2014威?！縏o my surprise, my brother can speak English _.            A. lively        B. perfectly       

38、0; C. badly          D. friendly【2014濱州】Excuse me, would you please speak a little more _?             Sorry, I thought you could follow me.  A. sadly      

39、0; B. quickly          C. politely         D. slowly【2014德州】The basketball match was really fantastic, _ when Shu-How Lin scored in the last second.           &

40、#160;A.  probably     B. especially       C. exactly         D. mostly【2014聊城】Its dark. I cant see the words on the blackboard _.            

41、;A. carefully     B. clearly          C. silently         D. patiently【2014臨沂】We are happy to see our city is developing _ these years than before.        

42、    A. quickly     B. the most quickly    C. very quickly    D. more quickly【課后練習(xí)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇題。1.Im shortsighted and I cant see the words on the notice board _.A, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, good2.Jean works hard but she doesnt wo

43、rk _ Mary.A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard as3.This is _ book in our library.A, the most interesting B, most interesting C, the more interesting D, more interesting4.Do you think maths is _ important than English?A, very B, as C, more D, quite5.They got a Christmas tree a

44、nd it was _ ours.A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as6.Tom failed in the exam. He looked _.A, happy B, sadly C, upset D, lovely7.A taxi doesnt run as _ as an underground train.A, fast B, faster C, fastest D, more fast8.Yangpu Bridge is one of _ in the world.A, bigger bridge B,

45、 the biggest bridge C, the biggest bridges D, bigger bridges9.”Ive got an A for my history,” Judy said _.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy10.I think the song in the film “Titanic” is _ one of all the movie songs.A, the most beautiful B, most beautiful C, a beautiful D, much more beautiful11.The li

46、ttle baby looks _.A, lovely B, carefully C, heavily D, sadly12.Her cousin can draw _ an artist.A, as well as B, not so well as C, as better as D, as good as13.Jinmao Tower is _ building in Shanghai.A, high B, tall C, highest D, the tallest14.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but its _ than

47、we need.A, far more B, very much C, far less D, very little15.Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second _ in Shanghai.A, large B, larger C, largest D, very large16.I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be _ new star in NBA.A, hot B, hotter C, hottest D, the hottest17.Shanghai W

48、aihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airport.A, a few B, fewer C, a little D, less18.A: What delicious cakes! B: They would taste _ with butter.A, good B, better C, bad D, worse19.Among all the teachers in this school, Miss Tao is one of _

49、.A, young B, younger C, the youngest D, the most young20.Thanks to Mrs. Lin! With her help, we finished our work an hour _.A, late B, later C, early D, earlier21.The light music sounded very _. I enjoyed every minute of it.A, well B, beautiful C, wonderfully D, boring22.A: In our English study readi

50、ng is more important than speaking, I think.B: I dont agree. Speaking is _ reading.A, as important B, so important as C, the most important D, the same as23.A: Mum, the Chinese medicine tastes so _. I dont want to take it.B: But, dear, it is good for you.A, good B, terribly C, terrible D, well24.Whe

51、re is todays newspaper? Is there _ in todays newspaper?A, important something B, something importantC, important anything D, anything important25.Simon looks _ today and smiles _ all the time.A, happy, happy B, happily, happily C, happy, happily D, happily, happy26.Its _ to send an e-mail than a reg

52、ular mail.A, much more quickly B, quick C, more quickly D, much quicker27.The price of these dictionaries is _ than before.A, much cheaper B, more expensive C, much higher D, more higher28.Bob has _ to tell you.A, something important B, anything important C, important something D, important nothing2

53、9.She is looking _ at her lovely son.A, happy B, happily C, happiness D, happier30.The old soldier lived all by himself. Even though he was _, he was not _ at all.A, alone, lonely B, alone, alone C, lonely, alone D, lonely, lonely詞性變換（一）1.On hearing the great news that Beijing has won the birds of 2008 Olympic Games, The crowds at Tian An Men Square began to cheer _. (excite)2.Never give your name, address, telephone number, e-mail address or pictures to a _ in online chat. (strange)3.I havent seen you for a long time. You look much _ (health)4.Mum has bought a lot of _ food fr