新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)-英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講+練習(xí)

1、名師總結(jié)優(yōu)秀知識(shí)點(diǎn)新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講+練習(xí)（一）一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。be going to do （動(dòng)詞原形）結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：it is going to rain. will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái)的用法：1. 表示預(yù)見do you think it will rain? you will feel be

2、tter after a good rest. 2. 表示意圖i will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. what will she do tomorrow? 基本構(gòu)成如下：一般疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：（1）will+ 主語(yǔ) +do? will sarah come to visit me next sunday? （2）there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句：will there + be ? will there be fewer trees? yes, there will. / no, there wont否定句構(gòu)成： will + n

3、ot （wont）+do sarah won t come to visit me next sunday. 特殊疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 will 主語(yǔ)？ what will sarah do next sunday? 練一練根據(jù)例句，用will 改寫下列各句例：i don t feel well today. （be better tomorrow）i ll be better tomorrow . 1. gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight ）_ 2. im tired now. （sleep later）_

4、 3. my parents need a new car. （buy one soon）_ 4. we can t leave right now. （leave a little later）_ 5. the weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow）_ 答案： 1. she ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. ill sleep later. 3. they ll buy one soon. 4. we ll leave a little later. 5. maybe itll be better t

5、omorrow. （二） should 的用法：should 用來(lái)提出建議和忠告，后邊加動(dòng)詞原形，否定句直接在should 后邊加 not. 例如： i think you should eat less junk food. 我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該少吃垃圾食品。she drives a lot and she seldom walks. so i think she should walk a lot. 她經(jīng)常開車，很少走路。所以我認(rèn)為她應(yīng)該多走路。students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 學(xué)生們不應(yīng)當(dāng)花太多的時(shí)間玩計(jì)算

6、機(jī)游戲。學(xué)習(xí)向別人提建議的幾種句式：（1）i think you should （2）well, you could （3）maybe you should （4）why dont you ? （5）what about doing sth.? （6）youd better do sth. 練一練用 should 或 shouldn t填空1. i cant sleep the night before exams. you _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. good friends _ argue each other. 3. the

7、re is little milk in the glass. we _ buy some. 4. they didnt invite you? maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. i am a little bit overweight. so i think i _ do exercises every day. 答案： 1. should 2. shouldn t 3. should 4. should 5. should （三）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。1. 構(gòu)成was /were + doing，例

8、如：i was watching tv at 9 oclock last night. 名師總結(jié)優(yōu)秀知識(shí)點(diǎn)at 9 oclock last night是時(shí)間點(diǎn)they were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon 是時(shí)間段2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：i was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在吃午飯。at that time she was writing a book. 那陣

9、子她在寫一本書。（表示她在那段時(shí)間里一直在做那件事情。）練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. this time yesterday i _ _（read）books. 2. at 9 oclock last sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. when i _（come）into the classroom, she _ _（read）a storybook. 4. she _ _（play）computer games while her mother _ _（cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. i _ _（have）a showe

10、r when you _（call）me yesterday. 答案： 1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading 4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called （四）間接引語(yǔ)形成步驟：（1）不要逗號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)（2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語(yǔ)是一致的）（3）要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化（4）要考慮時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)示代詞的變化。1. 直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，幾個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)律直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)2. 直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)

11、時(shí)，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語(yǔ)1. am / is 2. are 3. have / has 4. will 5. can 6. may 間接引語(yǔ)1. was 2. were 3. had 4. would 5. could 6. might 練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. she said i _（be）hard-working. 2. peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday. 3. she said she _ （go）swimming last sunday. 4. bobby said he _（may）call me later. 5.

12、 antonio told me he _ （read）a book then. 答案： 1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading 請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)述他人說(shuō)的話：1. i go to the beach every saturday. （tom）2. i can speak three languages. （lucy）3. i will call you tomorrow. （mike）4. im having a surprise party for lana. （she）（五） if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)： if 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)將來(lái)時(shí)含義：如果，將

13、要例如： if you ask him, he will help you. 如果你請(qǐng)求他，他會(huì)幫助你。if need be, well work all night. 如果需要，我們就干個(gè)通宵。練一練根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1. 如果你參加聚會(huì)，你將會(huì)過(guò)得很開心。if you _ the party, you _. 2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。if it _ tomorrow, we _. 3. 如果你經(jīng)常聽英文歌，你將會(huì)喜歡英語(yǔ)的。if you often _, you _. 答案：1. if you go to the party, you will have a good ti

14、me 2. if it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the picnic 名師總結(jié)優(yōu)秀知識(shí)點(diǎn)3. if you often listen to english songs, youll like english 實(shí)戰(zhàn)操練一. 選擇填空。（）1. beijing won the chances _ the 2008 olympics. a. to host b. host c. hosting d. hosted （）2. tiger woods can make billions _ dollars a year. a. for b. with c. of d.

15、 on （）3. you looked so beautiful at the party. _. a. no, i dont think sob. of course c. thank you very much d. no, im not beautiful（）4. the text is very easy for you. there are _ new words in it. a. a few b. a little c. few d. little （）5. in the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ “who moved m

16、y cheese”was an interesting book. a. that b. what c. how d. if （）6. in our english study reading is more interesting than speaking, i think. i don t agree. speaking is _ reading. a. as important as b. so important as c. the more important d. the most important （）7. if he _ harder, hell catch up with

17、 us. a. work b. works c. worked d. will work （）8. the manager _ that the business would be worse after the stock （股票） went down. a. talked b. told c. said d. spoke （）9. we should keep _ in the reading-room. a. quiet b. quietly c. quite d. quickly （）10. i think everything goes on well. _. a. so i do

18、b. i do so c. so do i d. so is i （）11. if you want to watch tv, you may turn _. a. down b. it on c. on it d. it off （）12. i m sorry i havent got any money. ive _ my handbag at home. a. missed b. left c. put d. forgotten （）13. he is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes. a. after b. before

19、c. that d. while （）14. it takes _ time to go to beijing by plane than by train. a. more b. fewer c. longer d. less （）15. excuse me. have you got an eraser? sorry, i havent. why _ you ask mary? perhaps shes got one. a. do b. don tc. did d. didnt把下面五個(gè)句子放在文章中的恰當(dāng)位置，使文章完整。three men went up in a balloon （

20、氣球） . they started early in london. the headman was ted, and the other two men were davy and emilio. 1 soon they heard the sea. they were carrying the usual rope （繩子） , and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. at the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. this could hold water, or

21、 it could be empty. so 2 . it was for use over the sea. they were also carrying some bags of sand. after the sun rose, the balloon went higher. it went up to 3,000 metres, and 3 . the water in the balloon became ice. snow fell past the men s basket, and they c ould see more snow on the ground. 4 , but it was hard. they tried to