SavingOurEarth

1、Challenging Yourself IISaving Saving Our EarthOur EarthWith your support, we can make WED the biggestglobal celebration of environmental action!Before Learningair Pollution drought desertification1.Look at the following pictures and then write a title for each of them on the given line.Before Learni

2、ng 2. Work in groups to discuss why it is necessary for us to focus our attention on the environmental problems. List your reasons here.3. Skim the coming two passages and choose one title for each of them.1) World Environment Day 2) Water Supply3) Environmental Pollution 4) Saving Water4)1)After Le

3、arning 1.Read the two articles carefully and then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false one(s)._1) Nearly 97% of the earths surface is covered with water.F_2) Man can only drink and use the fresh water, of which only a very small amount is available.T_3

4、) Since our need for water is increasing rapidly, we are facing the problem of a water shortage.F75%Passage One, Para. 2, 1st sentenceAfter Learning _4) Reusing water is the only way for us to save water.F_5) People celebrate World Environment Day on June 5 every year as a holiday.F_6) WED was creat

5、ed in 1972 because the environment was such a big issue back then.T1.Read the two articles carefully and then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false one(s).Para. 3, 2nd sentencePassage Two, Para. 1, 4th sentenceAfter Learning _ 7) The purpose of having W

6、ED is to help raise worldwide awareness of the dangers to our environment.T_8) Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year to deal with environmental problems from all levels.T1.Read the two articles carefully and then decide whether the following statements are t

7、rue (T) or false (F). Correct the false one(s).After Learning 2. Work in groups to ask and answer the following questions.1)What does the phrase “as things stand today” in Para. 2 of the first passage mean? Translate it into Chinese.2) Can you rewrite the sentence “Only if we take steps to deal with

8、 this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on” in Passage 1 starting with “We”? Then make a sentence of your own by using the structure “Only if”.It means “considering the current situation”（就今天的形勢(shì)來(lái)看）.We must take steps to deal with this problem in order to avoid a severe

9、 worldwide water shortage later on.After Learning 2. Work in groups to ask and answer the following questions.3)How do you understand the sentence “Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small scale” in the last paragraph of Passage 1?4) Why does the writer of Passage 2 thin

10、k “World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our diaries”? Do you agree or not? Give your reasons.This sentence means “The number of experiments is still quite small and they are limited to few fields or small groups of people”.Because the writer thinks this day should be one of the

11、 most important days of the holiday calendar. We put it in our diaries in order to remember the day, that is, remember to protect our environment everyday. After Learning 2. Work in groups to ask and answer the following questions.5) What does “grass roots” in Para. 1 of Passage 2 mean?6) What is th

12、e main idea of the second paragraph of Passage 2?It refers to common people as citizens of the Earth（草根階層）.Everyone could take daily actions to make contribution to protecting the earth. And people from rich and poor countries should work together.Learning to Read 3. Complete the following sentences

13、 with the proper forms of the words and expressions given in the box.1) While the killer goes free he is a _ to everyone in the town.2) We must _ help the families of those who were hurt in the earthquake. 3) _ of cotton increased even after it rose in price. 4) That piece of glass was so _ that he

14、would not give it to anybody.threattake steps topreciousConsumptionLearning to Read 3. Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words and expressions given in the box.5) She disliked those _ arguments between her parents because they made her feel neglected.6) The question raise

15、d by the teacher was so difficult that the students didnt know how to _ it. 7) The event organized on WED was meant to make people in all countries _ the dangers to the environment. 8) The old man wished that the medicine prescribed by the famous doctor would _ his illness.constanttacklehave an effe

16、ct onaware of4. Work in groups to translate the following themes on WED into Chinese.1) 1976Water: Vital Resource for Life2) 1988When People Put the Environment First, Development Will Last3) 1998For Life on EarthSave Our Seas4) 1991Climate Change. Need for Global Partnership1976水：生命之源水：生命之源1988只有把環(huán)

17、境放在第一位，發(fā)展才會(huì)持續(xù)只有把環(huán)境放在第一位，發(fā)展才會(huì)持續(xù)1998為了地球生命，拯救海洋為了地球生命，拯救海洋1991應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，全球合作應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，全球合作4. Work in groups to translate the following themes on WED into Chinese.5) 1992Only One Earth, Care and Share6) 1994One Earth One Family7) 1995We the Peoples: United for the Global Environment8) 2003WaterTwo Billion Pe

18、ople are Dying for It!1992我們只有一個(gè)地球，善待它，共享它我們只有一個(gè)地球，善待它，共享它1994同一個(gè)地球，同一個(gè)家園同一個(gè)地球，同一個(gè)家園1995為了地球環(huán)境，全世界人民團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)為了地球環(huán)境，全世界人民團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)2003水：全球兩億人的極度渴望水：全球兩億人的極度渴望5. Work in groups to discuss the following questions.1) According to Passage 1, one of the first steps we should take to stop wasting our precious water

19、 is to develop ways of reusing it. Can you think of any other way(s) to save water? Try to explain your idea to your group members.5. Work in groups to discuss the following questions.2) Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year. What will be a good theme for WE

20、D this year? Share your opinion with your group members and then choose the best one to share with the whole class.3) Can you propose any activities people may do to help raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment besides those mentioned in Passage 2?當(dāng)前威脅人類生存的十大環(huán)境問(wèn)題（1）全球氣候變暖 由于人口的增加

21、和人類生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)的規(guī)模越來(lái)越大，向大氣釋放的二氧化碳（CO2）、甲烷（CH4）、一氧化二氮（N2O）、氯氟碳化合物（CFC）、四氯化碳（CCl4）、一氧化碳（CO）等溫室氣體不斷增加，導(dǎo)致大氣的組成發(fā)生變化。大氣質(zhì)量受到影響，氣候有逐漸變暖的趨勢(shì)。由于全球氣候變暖，將會(huì)對(duì)全球產(chǎn)生各種不同的影響，較高的溫度可使極地冰川融化，海平面每10年將升高6厘米，因而將使一些海岸地區(qū)被淹沒(méi)。全球變暖也可能影響到降雨和大氣環(huán)流的變化，使氣候反常，易造成旱澇災(zāi)害，這些都可能導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)發(fā)生變化和破壞，全球氣候變化將對(duì)人類生活產(chǎn)生一系列重大影響。（2）臭氧層的耗損與破壞 在離地球表面1050千米的大氣平流層中集中了

22、地球上90%的臭氧氣體，在離地面25千米處臭氧濃度最大，形成了厚度約為3毫米的臭氧集中層，稱為臭氧層。它能吸收太陽(yáng)的紫外線，以保護(hù)地球上的生命免遭過(guò)量紫外線的傷害，并將能量貯存在上層大氣，起到調(diào)節(jié)氣候的作用。但臭氧層是一個(gè)很脆弱的大氣層，如果進(jìn)入一些破壞臭氧的氣體，它們就會(huì)和臭氧發(fā)生化學(xué)作用，臭氧層就會(huì)遭到破壞。臭氧層被破壞，將使地面受到紫外線輻射的強(qiáng)度增加，給地球上的生命帶來(lái)很大的危害。研究表明，紫外線輻射能破壞生物蛋白質(zhì)和基因物質(zhì)脫氧核糖核酸，造成細(xì)胞死亡；使人類皮膚癌發(fā)病率增高；傷害眼睛，導(dǎo)致白內(nèi)障而使眼睛失明；抑制植物如大豆、瓜類、蔬菜等的生長(zhǎng)，并穿透10米深的水層，殺死浮游生物和微生

23、物，從而危及水中生物的食物鏈和自由氧的來(lái)源，影響生態(tài)平衡和水體的自凈能力。（3）生物多樣性減少 生物多樣性公約指出，生物多樣性“是指所有來(lái)源的形形色色的生物體，這些來(lái)源包括陸地、海洋和其他水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)及其所構(gòu)成的生態(tài)綜合體；它包括物種內(nèi)部、物種之間和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的多樣性?！痹诼L(zhǎng)的生物進(jìn)化過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些新的物種，同時(shí)，隨著生態(tài)環(huán)境條件的變化，也會(huì)使一些物種消失。所以說(shuō)，生物多樣性是在不斷變化的。近百年來(lái)，由于人口的急劇增加和人類對(duì)資源的不合理開(kāi)發(fā)，加之環(huán)境污染等原因，地球上的各種生物及其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)受到了極大的沖擊，生物多樣性也受到了很大的損害。（3）生物多樣性減少 有關(guān)學(xué)者統(tǒng)計(jì)，世界上每年至少有5

24、萬(wàn)種生物物種滅絕，平均每天滅絕的物種達(dá)140個(gè)，到21世紀(jì)初，全世界野生生物的損失已達(dá)其總數(shù)的15%30%。在中國(guó)，由于人口增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的壓力，對(duì)生物資源的不合理利用和破壞，生物多樣性所遭受的損失也非常嚴(yán)重，大約已有200個(gè)物種已經(jīng)滅絕；估計(jì)約有5 000種植物在近年內(nèi)已處于瀕危狀態(tài)，這些約占中國(guó)高等植物總數(shù)的20%；大約還有398種脊椎動(dòng)物也處在瀕危狀態(tài)，約占中國(guó)脊椎動(dòng)物總數(shù)的7.7%。因此，保護(hù)和拯救生物多樣性以及這些生物賴以生存的生活條件，同樣是擺在我們面前的重要任務(wù)。（4）酸雨蔓延 酸雨是指大氣降水中酸堿度（pH值）低于5.6的雨、雪或其他形式的降水。這是大氣污染的一種表現(xiàn)。 酸雨對(duì)人類環(huán)境的影響是多方面的。酸雨降落到河流、湖泊中，會(huì)妨礙水中魚、蝦的生長(zhǎng)，以致魚蝦減少或絕跡；酸雨還導(dǎo)致土壤酸化，破壞土壤的營(yíng)養(yǎng)