國家開放大學(xué)2020年《理工英語(1)》形成性考核答案解析

1、國家開放大學(xué)理工英語（ 1）形成性考核答案作業(yè) 1一、交際用語 （共計 10 分，每小題 2 分）1-5 題：閱讀下面的小對話，選擇恰當?shù)拇鹫Z。1. - I ' m so excited to meet you. May I introduce myself to you?A. Nice to see you.B. Sure.C. You are welcome.2. - What ' s your present job?A. I am 24 years old.B. I just graduated from college.C. I 'm a film-maker

2、.3. 一 Goodbye, everyone.- Bye, Sally ！- Don't forget to write.A. Stay in touch.B. Just wait and see.C. Sounds great.4. - We ' d be pleased if you could join us for dinner.A. Thank you.B. Yes, I ' d love to.C. That ' s good.5. - Welcome back, Mr. Smith! How about your business trip in

3、 Japan?A. Don't ask me.B. Oh, fantastic! Mr. Mark is so satisfied with our project.C. I don 't like the Japanese food.二、詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)（共計劃分，每小題 2 分）6-20 題：閱讀下面的句子，從 A 、B、C 三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最 佳選頂。6. Each apartment only 15 to 30 square meters for one unit.A. costsB. spends C. takes7. -Can I help you, si

4、r?-I ' d like to have 100 . I want my students to draw pictures.A. piece of paperB. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers8. You know, this bridge Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macau.A. comesB. connectsC. contacts9. One day they crossed the bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stoneB. Chinese old stone

5、C. old stone Chinese10. This box is that one.A. heavy thanB. as heavy asC. heavier as11. I hope you '11 working with us in the future.A. enjoyB. apply C. achieve12. Let's meet at 7:30 outside the gate ofA. the People 's Park B. the People ParkC. People ' s Park113. I really like that

6、 car you and I am thinking of buying it.A. recommendedB. interviewedC. talked14. -Sonia, do you think you are different from Linda?一 Yes. I ' m at drawing than her.A. betterB. goodC. well15. I'd love to with you my new kitchenware.A. shareB. putC. help16. People who do not have wood must spe

7、nd large amounts of moneycooking fuel.A. inB. onC. of17. Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it.A. offeredB. has offeredC. was offered18. We two railway tickets online this Monday.A. looked B. booked C. took19. This article deals with the natural phenomenonwhich most intere

8、sting to everyone.A. areB. isC. they are20. It was who wrote those words on the blackboard.A. he B. him C. himself三、閱讀理解（共 40 分，每小題 4 分） 21-25 題：閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從 A、B、C 三個選項中選出一個正確答案。 Passage 1Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to builda house. Yourfirst step will be to find a

9、right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings （環(huán)境） near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work. Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder y

10、ou will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost

11、of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house.Later on, whenhe starts to build, this estimate （預(yù)算） must be corrected and revised （修訂） . His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen betwe

12、en the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house. When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan.（You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high!） You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can

13、 spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate. 21. The best title of this passage is .A. Building a House Costs Much MoneyB. Estimate Is ImportantC. Planning a House22. The first thing for

14、 a person to build a house is .A. to get as much money as possibleB. to find a suitable piece of landC. to work out a plan23. The phrase “draw a plan" in this passage means .A. making a picture of a building or a roomB. making a planC. working out a plan24. When the builder starts to build a ho

15、use, his estimate will have to be corrected and 2revised because .A. it is wrongly worked out by a workmanB. the future owner of the house thinks the estimate is so high that he cannot afford the buildingC. the prices of building materials and the expenses (費用)of labor may be differentfrom the origi

16、nal prices and expenses25. What is the relationship (關(guān)系) between the estimate and the plan?A. The plan depends on the estimate.B. The plan has nothing to do with the estimate.C. The estimate and the plan depend on each other.26-30 題：閱讀短文，判斷句子正誤，正確的寫 T ( True )，錯誤的寫 F( False )。Passage 2The world '

17、;s longest high -speed railway route, running from Beijing to Guangzhou, has been in operation for a few years. It cuts travel time between the two cities from 22 hours to only 8 hours. With comfortable seats and quiet cabins, this high -speed line offers a pleasant journey for thousands of traveler

18、s. The high speed railway connects Beijing with five provincial capitals. Part of the line, from Zhengzhou to Guangzhou, was in operation before the whole line was connected. The opening of the Beijing to Zhengzhou section has connected the entire line. It covers a total length of 2,298 kilometers.

19、The Beijing -Guangzhou line connects one third of China's population and more than 40 percent of its economic power. Travelers benefit from the efficient network, and find that their hometownsare not that far away. As the American publication Newsweekputs it: China is now engaged in a “railway r

20、evolution ”. These350 kilometer per hour high -speed railway trains have madethe country 's vast territory “substantially smaller”， and changed the country economically.( T ) 26. The world 's longest high-speed railway route is from Beijing to Guangzhou.( F ) 27. It takes only 10 hours from

21、Guangzhou to Beijing by train.( T ) 28. The opening of the Beijing to Zhengzhou section has linked with the total route.( T ) 29. The Beijing-Guangzhou line connects one third of China'spopulation and more than 40 percent of its economic power.( F ) 30. These 350 kilometer per hour high-speed ra

22、ilway trains have made the country 's vast territory“considerably smaller ”，and changed the countryeconomically.四、翻譯( 共 20 分，每小題 4 分)31-35 ：從以下 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳翻譯。31. That 's why tiny little apartments with a bedroom, a kitchen and a bathroom come into being.A. 這就是為什么小公寓的臥室，一個廚房和一個浴室。B. 這就是為什

23、么小的小 公寓有一個臥室，一個廚房和一個浴室。C. 這就是只有一臥一廚一衛(wèi)的微型公寓形成的原因。32. I'd like you to meet the famous bridge designer Mr. Liu Hua.A. 我喜歡你去見見著名的橋梁設(shè)計師劉華先生。B. 我想給您介紹下著名的橋梁設(shè)計師劉華先生。C. 我們最好去見見著名的橋梁設(shè)計師劉華先生。33. It ' s a great example of treading lightly on the bridge.A. 在橋上緩步行走是非常好的體驗。B. 在橋上交易是很好的體驗。C. 在橋上輕微的交易是很好的體驗

24、。34. Solar ovens consist of a system of reflectors and a cooking pot.A. 太陽能灶是由反射鏡及烹飪鍋系統(tǒng)組成的。3B. 太陽能灶是一個反射系統(tǒng)和一個鍋C. 太陽能灶利用了反射系統(tǒng)和烹飪鍋。35. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.A. 太陽一次只能照到它的一半，地球看上去像一個球。B. 由于地球看上去像一個球 太陽一次只能照到它的一半。C. 地球看上去像一個球，太陽一次只能照到它的一半。作業(yè) 2一

25、、交際用語 （共計 10 分，每小題 2 分）1-5 題：閱讀下面的小對話，選擇恰當?shù)拇鹫Z。1. - A: Hello, Bill Burton speaking.- B: Hello, Mr. Burton, this is Jenny Jenkins of Bradford and Sons returning your call.A. It 's my pleasure.B. What can I do for you?C. Is that Jenny speaking?2. - Is there anything I can do?A. Don't mention it

26、.B. Thanks, but I can manage.C. Go ahead, please.3. Wehave to stay at homefor a whole day. Whynot go out and have a walk?A. It likes a good idea.B. It sounds like a good idea.C. How is a good idea?4. -Would you like a glass of wine?- I don ' t drink.A. No, thanks.B. Yes, please.C. I don 't l

27、ike it.5. - Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bus stop is?一 I 'm sorry, I have no idea. I .A. don 't knowB. am a stranger hereC. am not二、詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)（ 共計 30 分，每小題 2 分）6-20 題：閱讀下面的句子，從 A 、B、C 三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最 佳選項。6. my agenda is quite full for the whole week, so I can't an appointmen

28、t with you.A. draw upB. sign C. make7. Jamie wants to speak tome private.A. on B. in C. to8. There a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. will have C. will be9. How often to the dentist?A. you go toB. do you go C. do you10. For days, smog persisted in many areas. China is to control air

29、 pollution.A. take measuresB. doing businessC. taking measures11. Have you filled in the application form your passport yet?A. in B. forC. with12. Miss Liu doesn't mind your homeworkas long as it is done by yourself.A. you to delay handing inB. your delaying handing in4C. your delaying to hand i

30、n13. I suppose you know everything about that event, ?A. don ' t you B. do IC. do you14. you busy with the Singles Day?A. Be B. AreC. Will15. You know, online shopping has so many .A. advantagesB. advantageC. advantaged16. You can buy almost everything you have access to the Internet and enough

31、money.A. as long as B. as big as C. so large as17. The Prize in Economics in 1968, that is, more than half a century ago.A. establishB. establishedC. was established18. The job is great in terms of salary. It has its disadvantages, .A. thoughB. howeverC. even19. His parents are present there , but t

32、heir minds are somewhere else.A. physicallyB. apparentlyC. psychologically20. It is easy to get the software we need the market is small.A. as ifB. so thatC. although三、閱讀理解（共計 40 分，每小題 4 分） 21-25 題：閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從 A,B、C 三個選項中選出一個正確答案。 Passage 1An ebook （also refer 、 d to as an electronic book, eBook, o

33、r e book） is a digitalversion （版本） of a print book that you download and read. But if you want to read an ebook, you must have an Ebook Reader, which is a kind of free software used by your computer. make sure you have installed the appropriate Reader before you download your ebook from the Internet

34、. The software allows you to turn the words on the screen into the size you like. It also helps you turn pages and change your viewing options（計算機屏幕上 的閱讀選擇） . Ebooks are a fun alternative to regular books. You can download them to any computers and create your own library of hundreds of titles. If y

35、ou load them onto your portable computer, you can take them with you when you travel. Some ebooks are even interactive! Best of all, when you order an ebook, their is no waiting and no shipping charges. The amount of time it takes to download your ebook depends on the speed of your connection and th

36、e size of your ebook.21. From this passage, we learn that an ebook .A. can be found in any libraryB. can be read directly from the InternetC. can be read when special software is installed22. The Ebook Reader is used for .A. reading an ebook you ' ve downloadedB. turning a print book into a digi

37、tal versionC. downloading an ebook from the Internet23. From this passage, we can learn that .A. you can read an ebook on a laptop when you travelB. you can order an ebook using the Ebook ReaderC. the ebooks ordered have to be shipped to you24. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. An ebook i

38、s ordered in the same way as a print book is.B. The size of the words in an ebook cannot be changed.C. The downloading time is decided by the ebook's size.25. The passage is mainly about .A. a better way to download an EbookB. a new kind of book 一 the EbooksC. the new version of Ebooks526-30 題：閱

39、讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從 A 、B、C 三個選項中選出一個正確答案。 Passage 2Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn' t feel really poor when he had a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large number

40、s. He probably didn' t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There an: three main reasons why the car becomes so popular inthe Un ited States. First of all, the country

41、 is a huge one and America ns like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go anyplace without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an effic

42、ient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the country as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air -service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most i

43、mportant one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really madecars popular. Americans don 't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don 't like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freed

44、om that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas.26. We can learn from this passage that Americans

45、.A. spend a lot of money traveling by carB. travel a lot in their carsC. seldom travel by plane27. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. In the United States even the poor own cars.B. In the United States all the poor have no cars.C. An American will feel poor unless he has a car.28. In the w

46、riter's opinion, cars are popular in the United States mainly because .A. Americans like to plan their own timeB. The United States does not have enough public transportationC. Americans will not feel poor when they travel in their cars29. “A nation on wheels ” in the second paragraph means that

47、 .A. everyone in the United States owns a carB. the United States produces most of the cars in the worldC. cars play an important part in American life30. The real solution to the gas shortage problem is .A. to make less carsB. to develop a public transportation systemC. to make gas-saving cars四、翻譯（

48、 共計 20 分，每小題 4 分） 31-35 ：請從以下 A,B、C 三個選項中選出最佳翻譯。31. The study shows that our computers are superior to those of our competitors in terms of functions and speed.A. 研究表明，我們的計算機在功能和速度兩方面都優(yōu)于我們的競爭對手。B. 研究表明，我們的計算機與我們競爭者的產(chǎn)品在功能和速度方面有差異。6C. 研究表明，我們的計算機在效率和速度方面都與其它廠商不同。32. When in doubt, it ' s best to d

49、elete or if appropriate, mark as junk item.A. 當有疑問，最好是立刻刪除，或者，如果合適的話，標為垃圾信息。B. 一旦有疑問，最好是立刻刪除，或者，如果合適的話，標為垃圾信息。C. 一旦有疑問，最好是立刻刪除，或者，合適的話，標為垃圾。33. The mobile phone store is about five hundred yards past the gym, on your left.A. 手機商店在健身房的左邊，離你 500 步。B. 手機商店大概離健身房 500 步，在你的左手邊。C. 手機商店往左拐，然后再走 500 步。34. N

50、o wonder I got lost. I was heading in the wrong direction!A. 怪不得我迷路了，原來是我走錯方向了 ！B. 不奇怪我迷路了，我面對的是錯誤的方向 ！C. 怪不得我會丟錢包，原來是放錯位置了 ！35. It seemsthat there 's nothing impossible with the little mobile phone.A. 看來這臺小小的智能手機無所不能。B. 看來這智能手機太小，什么事都干不成。C. 看來這智能手機不是任何事都能干。作業(yè) 3一、交際用語 （共計 10 分，每小題 2 分）1-5 題：閱讀下面

51、的小對話，選擇恰當?shù)拇鹫Z。1.Excuse me. You must be Mr. Liu Hua from China?A. How do you do?B. Yes. Nice to meet you.C. Thank you.2. - Would you mind joining for the picnic tomorrow?A. So sorry. Next time we' ll go. Thanks anyway.B. OK, thank you.C. No, thanks.3. 一 Susan, what do you think of my plan?A. It &#

52、39;s reasonable.B. It 's pleasant.C. It 's possible.4. - Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bus stop is?一 I 'm sorry, I have no idea. I .A. don 't knowB. am a stranger hereC. am new5. - Would you please open this suitcase for me? I can't open it.A. Oh, sorry to bother y

53、ou.B. Actually, I'm not sure.C. OK, let me see.二、詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)（ 共計 30 分，每小題 2 分）6-20 題：閱讀下面的句子，從 A 、B、C 三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最 佳選項。6. The technological advances madeit possible for the middle classes to enjoy what hadonce been only to the very rich.A. manageable B. measurableC. affordable7. Tony has many Chi

54、nese .A. stamp B. stampsC. a stamp78. Architect Mayur Kanaiya spoke of the Langkawi Sky Bridge.A. goodB. wellC. highly9. Tom is than any other players in the school team.A. tallB. tallerC. tallest10. It was to see the students 'excitement whenthey discovered that simple materials could be used t

55、o cook food under the sun and the solar cooking really attracts those creative kids.A. amazingB. amazedC. amaze11. The train just three weeks complete a journey that six weeks by sea.A. spent on; takes in to B. pay for; takes on to C. took to;takes up to12. I'd like to have some big apples inste

56、ad of small .A. onesB. one C. it13. In learning a foreign language, one should first pay attention speaking.A. toB. withinC. on14. - you free tomorrow?- No. I free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to be; will be15. For days, smog persisted in many

57、 areas. China is to control air pollution.A. take measures B. doing business C. taking measures16. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ?A. were they speaking B. are they speakingC. did they speak17. Besides, you need to protect your password be because all the transactionthrough you

58、r bank account.A. is carried out B. is brought outC. is fetched18. Separate passwords for every account make difficult for cyber criminals to hackyou.A. itB. thatC. what19. They also have a camera allows you to take and share photos and video. A. when B. whichC. where20. We must find a way to cut prices reducing our profits too much.A. withoutB. despiteC. with三、閱讀理解（ 共計 40 分，每小題 4 分）