專題一八年級(jí)上冊(cè)重點(diǎn)詞匯講解部分—八年級(jí)英語上學(xué)期期末考試備考滿分沖刺專題(解析版)

1、專題一八年級(jí)上冊(cè)重點(diǎn)詞匯講解部分八年級(jí)英語上學(xué)期期末考試備考滿分沖刺專題1 .hardly 與 hardA really【答案】DB nearlyC slowlyD hardly辨析意義及用法hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不“，表示否定意義，常與ewr, any連用。hard副詞，意為“艱難地；努力地；猛烈地形容詞，意為“堅(jiān)硬的：努力的；困難的“，相當(dāng)于difficulto【0!例I couldcontrol my feelings at the moment.Tlie movie reminds me of my childhood.【解析】句意：那部電影讓我想起我的童年時(shí)光，因此我?guī)缀醪荒芸?/p>

2、制我的感ttoA. really貞地，B. Nearly>將近.Cslowly慢慢地，DHardly幾乎，根搖句意，故選D.2.decide【典例】 一Where are you gomg for the coining winter camp?I won't decidethe place until the end of this month.A. atB inC forD on【答案】D【解析】句意：即將來臨的冬營(yíng)你去哪?我還沒有決定去哪，到月底再說吧.Decide作為動(dòng)詞，固定句式decideon sth,故答案選D【典例】What bad weatlier it was

3、! We decided.A. to go outB. not to go outC. to not go outD. not going out【答案】B【解析】句意:昨天天氣太惡劣了，因此我決定那也不去了。Decide作為動(dòng)詞，固定句式decide not to do.故答案選B【】 一Hate you decided when?Yes, tomorrow momiiig.A. will you leax-eB. are you leavingC. to leax-eD. you lea-e【答案】D【解析】句意：你決立什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身？嗯，明天早上。Decide作為動(dòng)詞，后而引導(dǎo)從句用一般現(xiàn)

4、在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)且用陳述語氣，故答案選D。3.exercise(1) 作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“鍛煉：運(yùn)動(dòng)”。How often do you exercise?你多久鍛煉一次？I exercise ewry day.我每天都鍛煉。(2) 作不可數(shù)輕詞，意為“鍛煉：運(yùn)動(dòng)”，常與動(dòng)詞take連用。Takmg exercise makes me keep healtliy.運(yùn)動(dòng)使我保持健康。(3) 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習(xí)：一套動(dòng)作“。We do mornuig exercises every day.我們每天做早操We do English exercises to help us learn Engli

5、sh well.我們做英語練習(xí)來幫助我們學(xué)好英語。【貝!例】一How often does your father go to the fitness center?Hethere twice a week.A is 已xercisingB exerciseC exercisesD Exercised【答案】c【解析】句意：你爸爸多久去一次健身中心?他兩周去一次。根據(jù)問句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此答句也應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且he為第三人稱單數(shù)，故答案選C.4how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many 與 how much辨析意義用法答語how

6、long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間：多長(zhǎng)詢問時(shí)間段或長(zhǎng)度for/about+ 一段時(shí)間或長(zhǎng)度how often多久一次詢問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率often, twice a week 等how soon多久以后詢問將來的時(shí)間in+段時(shí)間how far多遠(yuǎn)詢問距離，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近ten minutes* walk 等how many多少詢問可數(shù)需詞的數(shù)量數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)how much:多少詢問不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量數(shù)詞+量詞+不可數(shù)劃詞多少錢詢問價(jià)格數(shù)詞+錢典 W. do you exercise, Tony?Tliree times a week.A How oftenB How soonC How longD How m

7、uch【答案】A【解析】句意：托尼，你多久鍛煉一次？?jī)芍芤淮?。根?jù)句意詢問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，故答案選A?！镜淅?一is it from the Childrens Palace to Naiijing South Railway Station» Tom?About 10 muiutes* ride by bus.A How soonB How longC How farD How much【答案】B【解析】句意：湯姆，從少年宮到南京南站需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？坐車大約十分鐘。根據(jù)句意詢問時(shí)間，且問句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案選B?！疽?例 has the girl waited for the b

8、us over there?For half an hourA How oftenB How manyC How longD How soon【答案】c【解析】句意：那個(gè)女該在那已經(jīng)等了多久等著坐車？大約半個(gè)小時(shí)了。根據(jù)句意詢問時(shí)間，且問句為現(xiàn)任完成時(shí)。故答案選C?！矩?例 】 一will you finish writing the review of die Indian movie Dangal?Iii two days.A How farB How oftenC How soonD How long【答案】c【解析】句意：你完成印度電影丹尼爾的彫評(píng)需要多久？未來兩天吧。根據(jù)句意詢問將來

9、的時(shí)間，且問句為一般將來時(shí)。故答案選C。S.seemseem可作系動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞，意為7以乎；好像其常見用法歸納如下:【注總】Tt seems+that從句"可以轉(zhuǎn)化為"Sb.seem(s) to do sth二【列!例】 Tlie relations between the two countries get worse and worse.A war seemsout soon.I hope they will make peace with each other.A breakingB to breakC breaksD Broke【答案】B【解析】句意：兩國(guó)的關(guān)系

10、變得越來越差了，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一觸即發(fā)。我希望兩國(guó)能夠和平相處。Break為動(dòng)詞，固定搭呢seem to do,故答案選Bo6<wonder【貞!例 liris didn't even look at me.I did say hello to him with a big smile! But that is jiist so Cliris.Hes always living in his own world.A No wonderB No worriesC I bet you didD I doubt you did【答案】A【解析】句意：上次我和克瑞斯打招呼，他都沒有抬頭看我。不足為

11、奇。但這就是他，總是活在他自己的 世界里。A. No wonder不足為奇，BNo worries不用擔(dān)心，CI bet you did我確信他會(huì)那樣，DI doubt you did我懷疑他會(huì)那樣。故答案選A【於!例 】 一Excuse me.I wonderdie plane can land on time.Wait a minute, please.Let me check it out.AifB WhichC thatD. Why【答案】A【解析】句意：打擾了，我想問問飛機(jī)能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)?等一下，我査一下。A if能否，B. Which哪個(gè),C. that 那，DWhy為什么。故答案選

12、A。7.enough(l)enough為形容詞，意為°足夠的：充足的二修飾名詞時(shí)，常放在名詞前，有時(shí)也放在名詞后。Some children in Africa don't ha*e enough food to eat.一些非洲兒童沒有足夠的食物吃。(2)zough作副詞，意為“足夠地：充分地"。修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，且位程后置。It is good enough for me.它對(duì)我來說足夠好了。He can't mil fast enough to catch up with us.他跑得不夠快，沒有趕上我們。You don*t relax enou

13、gh.你休息不足?！就卣埂縕enough的位置簡(jiǎn)記：名詞之前，形副之后°聞enough+n.； adj./adv.-benouglioZenough后可以接動(dòng)詞不左式：enough to do sth.常與 too . to 或 so . that 句型進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。My sister isn't old enough to go to school.=My sister is too young to go to school.=My sister is so yoiuig that she cant go to school.我妹妹(年齡)不夠大，不能去上學(xué)。0!例We sh

14、ouldn't worry about Mary.You are right. She isto look after.A old enough: herselfB big enougli: herselfC. enough old: herD. enough big ； her【答案】A【解析】句意：我們貞的不用擔(dān)心瑪麗。對(duì)，她已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了，能夠照顧她自己了。Enougli修飾形容詞放任形容詞后而，且年齡大小使用old,她自己用herself.故答案選A.【典例Cathy checked her paperso that she could get good grades this t

15、une.A. carefill enougliB enough carefillC enough carefiillyD carefully enough【答案】D【解析】句意：凱西認(rèn)真檢查過她的試卷了，因此這次她的分?jǐn)?shù)非常不錯(cuò)。修飾謂語動(dòng)詞check使用副詞 carefiillyenough修飾副詞時(shí)，放在副詞的后而，故答案選D。8.beat 與 win辨析意義及用法winwin-won-won意為“贏得"時(shí)，其賓語常為表示比賽、名次、獎(jiǎng)品、游戲等的詞；win還可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“獲勝二beatbeat-beat-beaten意為“打敗（某人廣時(shí)，后常接表示比賽或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的對(duì)手或團(tuán)隊(duì)

16、：還可譯 為“敲打：（使）規(guī)律作響，作節(jié)奏運(yùn)動(dòng)“?！緢D解分析】【也!例 J Tliats the boy whothe first prize m the competition yesterday.A beatC wonD succeed【答案】C【解析】句意：就是那個(gè)男孩，他在昨天的比賽中得了第一名。the first prize表示第一用“祀且句意為 過去式，故答案選C?！矩?例】一Hey» mail! Can you believe tliat? Our Chinese Football Teamthe South Afhcau Team last night.Are you

17、 joking ? We haven't beaten tliem for many years.A beatB winC wonD Succeed【答案】A【解析】句總：一同志們，你們相信嗎?昨晚的比賽中，中國(guó)足球隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了南非足球隊(duì)。一開玩笑吧，我們中國(guó)足球隊(duì)已經(jīng)很多年沒有贏過他們了。故答案選A。9.mindmind (not) doing sth.介意(不)做某事 WouldDo you mmd+ (ones) doing sth?介意«你介意（某人）做嗎?Would'Do you niind if + 從句？muid v你介意嗎？make up ones nmi

18、d 卜決心【拓展】n.頭腦;思想s change ones mind改變主意keep in mind 牢記表示不介意：Of course not./Certamly not./Not at all.表示介意:Fm sorry./You*dbetter not./Tm a&aid .WoulcLDo you ninid if I call you later?你介意我晚點(diǎn)給你打電話嗎？f course not.當(dāng)然不介意。Tliey're both lovelyI can't make up my mind.它們兩個(gè)都很可愛我還拿不立主意。He changed his n

19、iuid when he heard all the facts.當(dāng)他聽到所有事實(shí)后他改變了主意?！疽? f列】 一Alex, would you muiddown the music? It s too noisy.Sorry, Dad, Pll do it right away.A. tiuiiB. TurnmgC. to turnD. turns【答案】B【解析】句意：一阿里克斯，你能把音樂關(guān)掉嗎？太吵了。一不好意思，爸爸。我馬上關(guān)掉.Mind后跟doing形式，故答案選B?！矩?例】 一Would you mind my turning up the TV? The New Year

20、concert has just begun.Just go ahead.A Please don*tB Better notC Pm afraid notD Of course not【答案】D【解析】句意：一你介意換頻道嗎?新年音樂會(huì)已經(jīng)開始了。一不介意，馬上換臺(tái)。根拯句總:，故答案尋D。lO.expect, hope, want, wish 與 look foiard to辨析總義用法expect意為“預(yù)料；期待“，認(rèn)為某事會(huì)發(fā)生。expect(sb.)to do sth.期望(某人)做某事expect+that從句期望hope意為“希望“，側(cè)重有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。hope for sth

21、.希望hope to do sth.希望做某事hope+tliat從句希望want意為“需要；想要”，表達(dá)迫切的愿望， 常用于口語。want sth.想要某物want(sb.) to do sth.想(讓某人)做某事wish意為“希望；想要：祝愿“，后接從句時(shí)， 從句常用虛擬語氣，表達(dá)一種不太可 能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。wish for sth.想要某物wish(sb.) to do sth.希望保人)做某事 wish+that從句希望wish sb.sth.祝/祝愿某人look forward to意為“盼望，期待“，常用于表示懷著滿 足的心情期望或向往某事。look forward to(domg)

22、 sth.盼望(做)某事【妙!例】一Did you watch the football game yesterday?Yes, I did.Jolm is really a dark horse.Nobodyliiin to go so far.A wantedB encouragedC expectedD hoped【答案】c【解析】句意：一昨天的足球比賽你看了沒有？ 一當(dāng)然看了。約翰確實(shí)是一匹黑馬。沒有人料到他表現(xiàn)如此搶眼。根據(jù)句意，之后C項(xiàng)表示料想，且固泄搭配expect sb to do sth,故答案選C。【於!例】She expectsHong Kong next week.B

23、her go toC going toD that gomgA to go to【答案】B【解析】句總：她想下周去香港根據(jù)句意和I古I定搭配expect sb to do stli,故答案選B“【典例】 How II could sleep longer! Howew I have to get up as soon as the alarm goes off.A wishB hopeC wantD expect【答案】A【解析】句意：我多么希望能多睡一會(huì)！但是，警報(bào)一響，我必須馬上起來。根據(jù)句意wish和hope都表示希望，旳sh表達(dá)一種不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，hope表示一種可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，故

24、答案選A。0!例】 一Tm looking fbnvard tomy parents soon. What about you?Me, too.A. seeingB seeC sawD Sees【答案】A【解析】句意：一我盼望著快點(diǎn)見到我父母，你呢？ 一我也一樣。look fonvard to后而跟doing形式，故答案選A。11 .find, find out 與 look for辨析意義及用法find強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果，意為“找到：發(fā)現(xiàn)"。find out指經(jīng)過觀察、調(diào)查把某事、某物查清楚，多用于復(fù)雜而不易直接查出的情況，意為“找 出：査明：弄淸”。look for強(qiáng)調(diào)找的過程，意為“

25、尋找：尋求“。【0!例Tma comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture andwhich university is die best for her to attend.A put outB stay outC find outD run out【答案】C【解析】句意：緩娜來中國(guó)目的是為了體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化，而且要找到適合自己的大學(xué)。A. put out放下，B. stay out待到，Cfind out找到，Drun out結(jié)果是，故答案選C'】 Mrs.Green isher purse, but she caiitit

26、.A looking fbr： findB looking at： findC seeing； looking for D finding； look for【答案】A【解析】句意：格林夫人正在尋找他的錢包，但她沒有找到。Look for表示尋找的過程，find表示尋找的結(jié)果，根據(jù)句意，故答案選A。12.promise意義用法例句n.承諾：諾言make/keep/break a promise許下/信守/違背諾言She kept her promise to visit her aunt. 她信守諾言去看望她的姑媽。V-許諾：承諾promise to do sth.答應(yīng)做某事He promis

27、ed to help us他答應(yīng)要幫助我們。promise+that 從句Sorry, I promised that I would give it to Susan. 抱歉，我答應(yīng)過會(huì)把它給蘇珊。promise sb.sth.=proinise sth.to sb.許諾某人某物He promised her some gifts for her birthday. 他答應(yīng)送她一此生日禮物。【貞!例 I will buy you a new bike if you learn how to swnn this summer.Is that a? Ini sure I'll get t

28、he bike.A chanceB promiseC trickD treat【答案】B【解析】句總：一如果今年夏天你要學(xué)游泳，我將給你買輛自行車匚一真的這樣承諾?我會(huì)有的自己的自行車了。A. chance機(jī)會(huì)，Bpromise許諾，承諾，Ctrick把戲，Dtreat款待，根據(jù)句意，答案選B【現(xiàn)例 】 He promisedhis old friend durmg his stay in Tianjm.A. seeB seeingC sawD to see【答案】D【解析】句意：原來我說過，他在天津的時(shí)候我承諾去看他。根據(jù)promise to do sth ,故答案選D.13.voice,

29、noise 與 soundvoice意為嗓音“，指人的說話聲或唱歌聲: noise指不悅耳的聲音，如吵鬧聲、噪音； sound泛指一切可以聽到的聲音?！緢D解分析】voicenoisesound【答案】D【妙!例】We all know that light travels much faster thanA voiceB noisenoisesD sound【解析】句意：眾所周知，光的速度比聲音快些。wice悅耳的聲音，且不可數(shù)；noise不悅耳的聲音，且 不可數(shù)：sound表示聲音泛指根據(jù)句意，這里的生意指的是泛指的生意，故答案選D“outside.【列! P'lJ 】I cant

30、hear die teacher clearly witli so muchA noisesB soundC noiseD voice【答案】C【答案】C【解析】句意：我沒有聽淸老師的話語，因?yàn)橥舛碾s音太多o voice悅耳的聲音,且不可數(shù)；no際不悅耳的聲音，且不可數(shù)：sound表示聲音，泛指。故答案選C“【典例】Nancy spoke in such a lowthat nobody in the room could hear her.A. noiseB. soundC noisesD bice【答案】【解析】句意：南希說話聲音如此低以至于沒有聽到她的聲Wo voice悅耳的聲音,且不

31、可數(shù)：noise不悅耳的聲音，且不可數(shù)：sound表示聲音，泛指。故答案選614.1iundreds ofhundreds of意為“許多：大量；數(shù)百的;數(shù)以百計(jì)的蔦Hundreds of birds fly in the sky.數(shù)百只鳥兒在空中飛翔“【拓展】當(dāng)hundred, thousand, million» billion等數(shù)詞前而有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，其后不加不和of連用。(2)若表示一個(gè)不確左的數(shù)字，前而沒有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，其后要加s而且與of連用。如：three hundred三百:thousands of students 數(shù)千名學(xué)生?！矩?例】Twostudents in o

32、ur school are from the countryside.A. bundled ofB hundreds ofC. hundredD. hundreds【解析】句意:我們學(xué)校有2000學(xué)生來自國(guó)外。hundred* thousand, million> billion等數(shù)詞前面有具體 數(shù)字時(shí)，其后不加s,不和of連用。故答案選C?！矩?例 I hear you've got a "library'' at home.Yes.Fve already hadbooks.A hundred ofB hundreds ofC five hundred

33、sD five hundred of【答案】B【解析】句意：一我聽說你們有個(gè)圖書館。一嗯，我已經(jīng)讀了幾百本書了。當(dāng)hmidred, thousand, nuUion, billion等數(shù)詞前而有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，英后不加s,不和of連用；若表示一個(gè)不確宦的數(shù)字，前而沒有具體數(shù)字 時(shí)，英后要加-s,而且與of連用。故答案選B.15. addadd意為“增加：添加”，指在原有的基礎(chǔ)上再添加。(1) 作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“增加”。后接賓語時(shí)要加介詞t。Of course this added to our di伍culties.這當(dāng)然增加 了 我們的困難。(2) 作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“增加，添加“。常見用法有：

34、add . to/into .把添加到。Please add the relish you like yourself.in添加你喜歡的調(diào)料吧。Could I add some sugar into the tea?我可以往茶里加一些糖嗎？Add tliree to two, and then you get five.三力1 二等于五。(3) add up to加起來等于：總計(jì)達(dá)。Tlie students who jom the English club add up to 270.加入英語俱樂部的學(xué)生總汁達(dá) 270 人?！?!例 J Before you mix up all die i

35、ngredients, dont forget tosome honey into them.A cutB addC makeD Cook【答案】B【解析】句意：在你把所有東西混合在一起之前，不要忘了把蜂蜜加進(jìn)去。作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“增加，添加“。 常見用法有：add . to/mto .把添加到o故答案選B。16. coverTlie covei of this book is so beautifiil.這本書的封而貞漂亮！Snow co-ered the ground.大雪覆蓋 了 大地Tlie BBC will cover all the major games of the tournainent.英國(guó)廣