網(wǎng)絡(luò)公共領(lǐng)域視角下的高校學(xué)生法律意識培養(yǎng)研究

1、研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)公共領(lǐng)域視角下的高校學(xué)生法律意識培養(yǎng)具冇十分重要的意義。首先，從理論 上講，研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)公共領(lǐng)域視角下的高校學(xué)生法律意識培養(yǎng)對當(dāng)前高校學(xué)生法律意識培養(yǎng)理論 體系是一個有益補(bǔ)充。其次，從實踐層面來講，該研究從實踐中來，到實踐中去，以網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán) 境為背景，以現(xiàn)狀問題為研究對彖，提出切實可行的研究對策，能夠直接指導(dǎo)我院大學(xué)生的 法制教冇，繼而推廣開來，對其他高校提供借鑒意義，對當(dāng)代人學(xué)生增強(qiáng)法律意識，構(gòu)建法 制社會提供更有力的支持和幫助。一、大學(xué)牛.法律意識缺失的主要表現(xiàn)（一）法律認(rèn)知不足大學(xué)生法律意識缺失，原因z-在于對法律的認(rèn)知不足，大學(xué)生對我國法律知識知z甚 少，調(diào)查顯示，50%的學(xué)生對憲法、

2、民法、刑法不是很了解，55%的學(xué)生只對婚姻法、經(jīng)濟(jì) 法等相關(guān)法律有一定了解。大學(xué)生對法律知識了解少，直接導(dǎo)致其對法律認(rèn)知的不足，遇到 困難時不能拿起法律武器維護(hù)自身權(quán)益。同吋一部分人看到了社會上的一些不合理現(xiàn)實，看 到了個別案例、個別人員可以凌駕于法律z上，影響其對法律權(quán)威性的判斷，認(rèn)為法律是管 理者的武器，權(quán)力可以凌駕于法律之上。錯謀的認(rèn)知謀導(dǎo)大學(xué)生對法律認(rèn)知的深入發(fā)展。（二）法律觀念淡薄很多大學(xué)生的法制觀念只存在于守法的層面，隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，社會形勢更加 復(fù)雜，犯罪活動更加多樣化，大學(xué)生耍提升法律觀念，逐步增強(qiáng)法制意識，能夠用法律武器 積極維護(hù)自身權(quán)益。近年來山于大學(xué)牛法律觀念淡薄

3、導(dǎo)致了一系列案件。如大學(xué)生對合同法 知z甚少，有部分大學(xué)生在與企業(yè)簽訂合同時，合法權(quán)益受到了侵害，卻不知道如何維權(quán)。 因此應(yīng)該積極提升人學(xué)生的法制觀念。（三）法律信仰缺失從高中步入大學(xué)時代，大學(xué)主的能力得到了提升，各方面認(rèn)知都有所改善，并且逐步向 社會融合。而對社會屮形形色色的法律問題，而對各種違法犯罪案例，人學(xué)生會產(chǎn)生自己的 判斷,對違法事件的處理是否公開，冇一個基木的評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn),久而久z形成自身的法律信仰。 此時大學(xué)生對社會中個別熱點案例，有口己的法律信仰打評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，很多大學(xué)生不再相信法 律的公正公平，造成大學(xué)生法律信仰缺失。二、造成大學(xué)生法律意識缺失的原因（一）社會影響大學(xué)生法律意識缺失受

4、到社會的影響，冃前社會中存在執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)、有法不依的現(xiàn)彖，對 人學(xué)生發(fā)展造成一定彩響。同時，如食晶安全問題、社會治安問題時有發(fā)生，導(dǎo)致人學(xué)生判 斷失誤，對其法制意識形成造成負(fù)面影響。同時我國封建社會時期較氏，對我國法治具冇深 遠(yuǎn)影響，過分依賴與崇拜權(quán)力，淡化法律，對法律權(quán)威造成影響。（二）學(xué)校影響人學(xué)生法制意識淡薄，學(xué)校負(fù)有責(zé)任，目前很多高校延續(xù)高屮習(xí)慣，對學(xué)生的最終考核 只注重學(xué)分，重分?jǐn)?shù)輕能力，使大學(xué)開設(shè)的各種法律課落實不到位，最多只是使高校學(xué)生對 法律條文有一定認(rèn)知，沒有形成對法律的止確認(rèn)知，不能有效運用法律，既沒有運用法律維 護(hù)自身權(quán)利的能力，又沒有養(yǎng)成崇術(shù)法律、運用法律的習(xí)慣。特別在高校

5、林立的今天，很多 高校人學(xué)生鬧事現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)重，校園氛圍不佳，大學(xué)牛法律意識還未形成。（三）大學(xué)生自身原因人學(xué)生法律意識淡薄，與自身有十分重要的關(guān)系，首先很多人學(xué)生沾染了社會屮的不良 風(fēng)氣，行為習(xí)慣不佳，小打小鬧最終演變成違法亂紀(jì)。英次大學(xué)生自控能力不強(qiáng)，經(jīng)常交往 一些不良的朋友，在社會不良青年的影響下，消費欲望不斷加強(qiáng)，演變?yōu)檫`法犯罪。再次, 部分大學(xué)生素質(zhì)不高，家庭教育能力冇限，上大學(xué)之后脫離家庭的管束，逐步走上違法犯罪 道路。三、大學(xué)生法律意識的培養(yǎng)（一）培養(yǎng)法治主體意識首先要培養(yǎng)人學(xué)生法治主體意識，逐步改變法律高高在上，與己無關(guān)的想法，要讓人學(xué) 生明確法律與自身息息相關(guān)，自身就是法治的主

6、體，遇到困難和情況時，要拿起法律武器積 極維護(hù)口身的合法權(quán)益。要認(rèn)識到法律是為人民服務(wù)的，具有公平公正的特點，明確口身的 主體地位，才能在今后工作與?；钪芯S護(hù)法律，正確使用法律，實現(xiàn)自我價值和社會價值。（二）優(yōu)化社會法制環(huán)境一是不斷健全社會主義民主法治體系，積極完善憲法及所有法律，保證訂立的法律是最 合理的法律，并司法、執(zhí)法部門保證認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行法律。二是創(chuàng)造良好的社會環(huán)境，積極 營造公平公正、和諧融洽的社會氛圍，用道徳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)約束人們的行為，指引人們的行為，用法 律準(zhǔn)繩規(guī)范人們的行為，評判人們的行為。特別是不斷優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境，從多個方面多個層而 入手不斷凈化網(wǎng)絡(luò)，冇效限制人們的言行，不要夸大個別事件

7、的影響力，不要把個別事件當(dāng) 做普遍現(xiàn)象，同時積極引導(dǎo)受眾對個別事件的看法，政府可以通過微信、微博客戶端等多種 方式，對個別特殊事件發(fā)表官方聲明，有利于形成良好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿論氛圍，加強(qiáng)法制宣傳，対 大學(xué)牛進(jìn)行積極的教育引導(dǎo)，以形成良好的法律意識。（三）強(qiáng)化家庭的法律意識家庭法律觀念及法律意識對大學(xué)牛行為具有重要影響，研究發(fā)現(xiàn),父母的法律意識對子 女的法律意識具有重要的遺傳影響。面對一些重大事件，家庭對事件的判斷與評論影響大學(xué) 生的判斷，其而影響人學(xué)生法制觀念形成。因此m該不斷強(qiáng)化家庭法律意識，家庭是社會的 細(xì)胞，家庭和諧，可以積極推動社會法制進(jìn)步與發(fā)展，反z亦然。應(yīng)該采取積極扭丿施，積極 鼓勵強(qiáng)化家

8、庭法律意識。 （四）改革高校的法制教育首先高校耍進(jìn)一步重視法律索質(zhì)培養(yǎng)，逐步提高人序牛的法律索質(zhì)，改變?nèi)藢W(xué)牛法制課 的教學(xué)形式與考核模式，不僅注匝理論教授，還注璽學(xué)生實踐應(yīng)用，切實從高校法制教育課 上下工夫，提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)公共領(lǐng)域視和下的學(xué)生法律意識。其次，加強(qiáng)法律實踐教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)。不同 部門可以組織各種形式的活動，如法制教育比賽、模擬法庭、觀摩庭審現(xiàn)場，不斷改變大學(xué) 生的法制教育形式，提高其學(xué)法、知法、守法、護(hù)法的能力。(五)加強(qiáng)人學(xué)生的h我修養(yǎng)一是自覺強(qiáng)化法律知識。大學(xué)生要積極了解法律、學(xué)習(xí)法律，做到運用法律，改變只是 學(xué)習(xí)背誦法律條文的現(xiàn)狀，不斷提高法律修養(yǎng)，運川法律武器保護(hù)自身的合法權(quán)益。二是不

9、 斷提高h(yuǎn)身思想道徳修養(yǎng)。法律永遠(yuǎn)與道徳密不可分,道徳是基準(zhǔn)，法律是底線，人學(xué)生想 要不違法首先要提升自身的道德意識，具冇良好道德修養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)良好的道德習(xí)慣，用道德標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)不斷約束少限制自己，提高能力與素質(zhì)，做一個有用的現(xiàn)代人。大學(xué)牛是社會的重要組成部分，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)公共領(lǐng)域視角下，培育人學(xué)主現(xiàn)代法律意識不僅 是我國高等教育的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，還是整個社會的重要任務(wù)。加強(qiáng)對當(dāng)代人學(xué)綸法律意識培養(yǎng)對 大學(xué)生綜合索質(zhì)及國家法制化都具冇重要意義。面對新形勢，特別在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境異常復(fù)雜的情 況下，要多方努力，從多個方面入手，積極推進(jìn)人學(xué)生良好法律意識形成，讓人學(xué)生知法懂 法，用法律維護(hù)自身權(quán)益，帶動周邊的人，形成良好的社會

10、發(fā)展氛圍，為社會和諧進(jìn)步做出 突出貢獻(xiàn)。預(yù)防及避免大學(xué)牛違法犯罪，促進(jìn)大學(xué)牛綜合素質(zhì)培養(yǎng)。research network public sphere under the perspective of university students1 law consciousness training is of great sign訐icance. first of all, in theory, research network public sphere under the perspective of university students' law consciousness cu

11、ltivation of current college students' legal con scious ness theory system is a ben eficial suppleme nt. sec on dly, from the practical level, the study came from practice, to practice, in the network environment as the background, status quo problems as the research object, put forward feasible

12、 countermeasures study, can directly guide our students1 education of legal system, and then spread, provide ref ere nee for other un iversities, to enhance law con scious ness of con temporary un iversity stude nts, build the legal system society provide str on ger support and help.one, the main pe

13、rformanee of the college students' lack of legal consciousness(a) lack of cognitive lawcollege students' legal consciousness is missing, one of the reasons is the lack of the cog nition of the law, college stude nts know little about chinese legal kno wledge, accordi ng to the survey, 50% of

14、 the students of the constitution, civil law, criminal law is not very understanding, only 55% of the students a better understanding of marriage law, economic law and other releva nt laws. college stude nts less kno wledge of the law, a direct result of the cog nitive deficiencies of the law, and s

15、ome difficulties cannot take legal weapon to protect their own rights and interests. at the same time some people saw some unreasonable on the social reality, saw the in dividual case, in dividual staff should be above the law, affect the judgment of legal authority that law is the man ager's we

16、ap on® power is above the law. the wrong cog nition to mislead the further development of college students1 cognitive law.(2) the viewpoint of law is weakmany college students' legal idea exists only in the law level, with the development of network information technology, the social situat

17、ion is more complex, more diversified crime, college students to enhance legal concept, gradually enhance legal consciousness, to be able to use legal weap ons to actively maintain their own rights and in terests .in rece nt years due to the college students' legal ideas led to a series of cases

18、 such as college students know little about law of con tract, some college stude nts in when signi ng a con tract with the en terprise, the legitimate rights and interests by the infringement, but don't know how to rights. so should be actively improve college students' concept of legal syst

19、em(3) the lack of legal faithfrom high school to enter college, the ability of college students has improved, all aspects of cognition are improved, and gradually to the social integration. in the face of all sorts of legal problems in the society, in the face of all kinds of illegal and criminal ca

20、ses, students will produce their own judgment, handling of illegal events is open, there is a basic criteria, gradually formed its own legal faith in dividual hot cases in the college stude nts to the society, has its own legal faith and judgme nt stan dard, many college stude nts no ion ger believe

21、 in law and fairn ess, college students lack of legal faith.second，the causes of college students* lack of legal consciousness(a) social impactcollege stude nts1 lack of legal con scious ness in flue need by social, existi ng in the curre nt social law en forceme nt is lax, the phenome non of impote

22、 nee, cause certai n in flue nee on college students' development. at the same time, such as food security, social security problems have occurred, lead to college students' judgment, the legal consciousness have a negative impact. a ion ger period of feudal society of our coun try at the sa

23、me time, the rule of law in china has a far-reachi ng in flue nee, relyi ng on and worship power; played dow n the law, affect the authority of law.(2) the schoolcollege students* legal consciousness, the school is responsible for, at present a lot of high school habits continue, only pay attention

24、to the assessment of students1 final credits, heavy fraction light ability, the university's various falvke implementation does not reach the designated position, most just to make college students to have certain cognitive law, not form the correct cog nition of the law, cannot effectively use

25、the law, n either the ability to apply the law to safeguard their rights, and not get into the habit of advocating law, apply the law. particularly in the universities of today, many college students make trouble phenomenon is very serious, the campus atmosphere, and college students1 legal consciou

26、sness has not been formed.(3) the college students themselvescollege stude nts' legal con scious ness, have very imports nt relati on ship with their own, first of all, many college students from the bad atmosphere in society, poor behavior, small eventually evolved into the principles secondly,

27、 college students' self-control ability is not strong, frequent excha nges some bad frie nds, under the in flue nee of the social bad youth, con tinuously strengthen consumption desire, evolution of illegal crime again, the part of students' quality is not high, the family education ability

28、is limited, out of the tube bundle of family after college, gradually took to the illegal crime roadthree, the cultivation of college students' legal consciousness(a) develop the rule of law subject consciousnessfirst of all to cultivate college students' subject consciousness of rule of law

29、, gradually cha nge high above the law, has nothi ng to do with on eself idea, to make students clear law is closely related to their own, itself is the main body of the rule of law, encountered difficulties and situations, to take legal weapon actively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests

30、of their own. realize that law is to serve the people, with the characteristics of a fair and clear their main body status, to maintain law in the future work and life, proper use of the law, realize self-value and social value(2) the optimization of social legal environmentone is constantly perfect

31、 the system of socialist democracy under the rule of law and actively improve the con stitutio n and all laws, en sure that the law is the most reas on able, concluded and judicial and law enforcement guarantee earnestly carrying out the law. 2 it is to create a good social environment, and actively

32、 create a fair justice, harmony, harmonious social atmosphere, with constraint people's behavior; moral standards to guide people's behavior, legal criterion regulate people's behavior; to judge the behavior of people constantly optimize the environment of network, in particular; several

33、 levels from multiple aspects of purify network conti nuo usly, effectively restrict people's words and deeds, not to exaggerate the influe nee of the in dividual case, don't put the in dividual eve nt as a comm on phe nomenon, at the same time, actively guide the audie nee view of in dividu

34、al case, the go ver nment can through wechat, microbloggi ng households end in a variety of ways, such as to in dividual, said an official with the special eve nt is ben eficial to form a good n etwork public opinion atmosphere, to stre ngthe n the publicity, to positive education to guide college s

35、tudents to form good legal consciousness.(3) strengthen the legal consciousness of the familyfamily law con cepts and legal con scious ness has importa nt in flue nee on college students* behavior, the study found that parents legal consciousness of the legal consciousness of their children has impo

36、rtant genetic effects in the face of some big events， the family of events judgme nt with comme nts affect college stude nts' judgment, even in flue nee the formati on of college students' legal idea so should constantly strengthen the awareness of family law, the family is the cell of the s

37、ociety, family harmony, can promote social progress and development of legal system, and vice versa. should take positive measures to actively encourage strengthen the awareness of family law. (4) reform the legal education of colleges and universitiesfirst in colleges and universities should furthe

38、r attaches great importanee to the legal quality, and gradually improve the legal quality of college students, change the form of teaching and exami nation mode fazhike college students, not only pay atte ntion to the theory of professor; also pay attention to students' practical application, to

39、 fluctuate from collegial law education, improve the network public sphere under the perspective of students' legal consciousness sec ond, stre ngthe n the legal practice teachi ng link. d iff ere nt departme nts can orga nize various forms of activities, such as the legal system education compe

40、tition, moot court, view the trial site, the changing forms of college students' education of legal system, improve its research method, the knowledge, to obey the law and the ability of the dharma(5) to strengthen college students1 self-improvementone is consciously strengthen the legal knowled

41、ge. college students should actively learn about law, the law, do apply the law, to change is just learning to recite the present situation of the law, constantly improve the legal accomplishment, use legal weapons to protect their own legitimate rights and interests. the second is constantly improve their ideological