初三英語寒假補習(xí)資料第八講

1、初三英語寒假補習(xí)資料第八課時 八年級(上) Unit 7 Unit 81. 考點梳理重點詞匯1._(n.)紙張2._(n.) 污染；污染物3._(n.) 將來；未來4._(v.) 污染5._(n.) 環(huán)境6._(n.) 公寓7._(adv.) 甚至8._(adj.) 危險的；不安全的9._(n.) 工廠10._(adj.) 簡單的11._(v.) 相信；認為有可能12._(v.) 不同意；有分歧13._(n.) 形狀；外形14._(v.) 倒塌；跌倒；掉落15._(adj.) 可能存在或發(fā)生的；可能的16._(adj.) 不可能存在或發(fā)生的；不可能的17._(adv.) 很可能；大概18._(

2、prep.) 在期間19._(n.) 假期；假日20._(n.& v.) 搖動；抖動21._(v.) 倒出；傾倒22._(v.) 增加；添加23._(adv.) 最后；終于24._(n.) 食鹽25._(n.) 機器26._(v.) 掘(地) ；鑿(洞) 挖(土) 27._(n.) 夾心面包；三明治28._(n.) 片；塊；段29._(adj.) 傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的30._(n.) 漂泊者；旅行者；游客31._(v.) 慶祝；慶賀32._(v.) (使) 混合；融合33._(v.) (使) 充滿；覆蓋34._(v.) 接待；服務(wù)； 提供35._(n.) 溫度；氣溫；體溫詞匯拓展1.poll

3、ution(動詞：污染) pollute2.prediction(動詞：預(yù)言；預(yù)測) predict3.peace(和平的) peaceful4.dangerous(名詞：危險) danger(安全) safety(安全的) safe5.disagree(反義詞：同意；贊成) agree(名詞：不同意) disagreement6.possible(可能地) possibly(不可能的) impossible(不可能地) impossibly7.holiday(同義詞) vacation8.turn on(關(guān)上) turn off(調(diào)大) turn up(調(diào)小) turn down9.fina

4、lly(最后的) final(近義短語) at last/in the end10.salt(咸的) salty11.sandwich(面包) bread12.piece(同義詞) slice(同音異義詞) peace13.traditional(傳統(tǒng)) er(旅游；旅行) travel15.mix(混合物) mixture16.fill(充滿的) full(空的) empty17.serve(名詞：接待；服務(wù)) service(仆人) servant重點短語1.在將來；在未來：in the future2.參與(某事) ：play a part3.在太空；

5、宇宙空間站：space station4.多次；反復(fù)地：over and over again5.許多；大量：hundreds o 6.能夠做某事：be able to7.突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌：fall down8.尋找；尋求：look for9.奶昔：milk shake10.接通(電流、煤氣、水等) ；打開：turn on11.把加到里面：add to12.用裝滿：fill with13.把蓋在上面：cover with14.挖坑：dig a hole 15.切碎：cut up16.把放入：put into重點句型1.People will_ _ _200 years old.人們將活到2

6、00歲。2.Will people use money_ _ _？100年后人們還使用紙幣嗎？ No,_ _ .Everything_ _free.不，一切將是免費的。3.Cities will be _ _.And there will be _ _ .城市將更加擁擠，樹木更加稀少。4.Some scientists believe that_ _ _more robots in the future.一些科學(xué)家相信將來會有更多的機器人。5.How do you make a_ _ _？你怎樣制作香蕉昔？6._ _yogurt do we need？我們需要多少酸奶？7.First,_ so

7、me butter _ a piece of bread.首先，在面包上放些黃油。8.Do you like_ _ a sandwich？你喜歡在三明治里面放生菜嗎？122.詞匯過關(guān).根據(jù)句意和所給的首字母提示拼寫單詞并完成句子。1.If there were more trees on the earth, there would be less p_.2.I want to write a letter. Please pass me some p_.3.R_ can do a lot of work in the factories.4.A_ five to six, and youll

8、 get eleven.5.Before planting a tree, you have to d_ a hole.6.Its our duty to try to improve our e_.7.Dont play in the tree.Its d_.8.I have a sore throat.Youd better have some water with h_.9.Im hungry.Please give me some p_ of bread.10.Western people usually eat turkeys on T_ Day.11.New robots will

9、 have many different s_, like round.12.I really enjoyed myself during my summer h_.13.The t_ is very low in winter here.You should put on more clothes.14.Please put all the ingredients in the bowl, and then m_ them all up.15.How are you going to c_ your fathers birthday？.用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。16.Do you th

10、ink people will live_(be) 200 years old？17.I think there will be _(little) pollution in the future.18.After trying many times, we_(final) succeeded.19.Now more and more_(travel) come to our city for holidays.20.Qipao is a _ (tradition) dress for Chinese women, and it is becoming popular in the world

11、 of high fashion.21.I like_(sandwich) with chicken very much.22.I think cities will be more crowded and _(pollute).23.Its_ (possible) for him to cook dinner, because he is so young.24.We should help people in_(dangerous).25.Do you think his_(predict) will come true？26.There are many robots_(work) in

12、 the factories.27.There are six_(hundred) books in our school library.28.How much_ (butter) is there on the bread？29.Dont put too much salt, or the soup will be _(salt).30.Although they are twin brothers, they often have some_ (disagree).從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z并用其正確形式完成下列各句。fall down, be able to, look for, over

13、 and over again, hundreds of, turn on, cover with, play a part, cut up, fill with31.Most children _walk at the age of 15 months.32.I want to watch Animal World.Will you please _ the TV？33.That house is too old, it may_.34.Lets play a game. First please_ your eyes _ your hands.35.They are playing soc

14、cer. Shall we_ in it？36.I cant find my key. Im _everywhere.37.My mother asked me to copy the new words_ .38.The glass is _milk.39.We plant _trees every spring.40.Lets make Jiaozi. Please help me _ the meat.（八）動詞的分類動詞的種類類別功能及用法例子行為動詞及物動詞vt.本身含有實在意義，表示動作或狀態(tài)，在句中能獨立作謂語?？梢越淤e語afford,buy,enjoy,keep不及物動詞vi.

15、不可以直接接賓語arrive,cry,die,fall連系動詞本身有一定的詞義，但詞義不完整，不能單獨作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。be,smell,look,taste助動詞本身沒有詞義，不能獨立作謂語，只能和實義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定、疑問等。do,does,will,shall情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨立作謂語，只能和實義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。may, must,can, need語法專題之-時態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)測一測，看看初中必須掌握的八種時態(tài)，你都掌握了嗎？基本結(jié)構(gòu)用法常見的標(biāo)志性詞語一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)過去進行

16、時態(tài)一般將來時態(tài)過去將來時態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)過去完成時態(tài)1.般現(xiàn)在時(1)一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時主要用動同的原形表示.如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù),一般在動詞原形后加-s或_es。如：Tom often _ his parents _ housework at home.湯姆在家經(jīng)常幫助父母做家務(wù)。Sometimes Lucy _ her clothes herself. 有時候露西親自洗她的衣服。(2)般現(xiàn)在時的用法1)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。與often.always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day等表頻度的副詞或時間狀語連用

17、。如： I often _ to school by bike.我經(jīng)常騎自行牢去上學(xué)2)表示客觀取實或普遍真理。如： The earth_ around the sun.地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3)在時間、條件等狀語從句中,用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如： If it _ tomorrow,we won't go to the park.如果明天下雨,我們就不去公園了。 When I _ up,I will go to America. 等我長大后,我將去奐國。4)在某些以here,there開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作。 There _ the bell.鈴響了。2.般過去時(1)一般過去

18、時的構(gòu)成：一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示。 Last week Tom _ a model plane with his friend Jack.上周湯姆和他的朋友杰克做了一個飛機模型。(2)般過去時的用法1)表示過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如： I _ at six this morning. 今天早上我六點起的床。 We _ the factory last week. 上周我們參觀了邶個工廠u2)表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。如: When I _ in the countryside, I often _ in the river.當(dāng)我在鄉(xiāng)下時,我常在河里游泳.(3)和一般過去時

19、連用的時間狀語last night,yesterday,last week,some years ago, in 1995.in the past, the other day, at that time ,just now 等。3.般將來時(1)表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),其構(gòu)成是will +動詞原形，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如:tomorrow,next week,in a few days,next Sunday, in + 一段時間，in 2020 等。如： They _ _ _Shanghai next week.他們下周將去上海. _you be back _ two da

20、ys?你將在兩天后回來嗎？當(dāng)主語是I或we 時，疑問句中一般使用shall,表示征求對方意見。如: Where _ we _ tomorrow? 明天我們在哪里會面？(2) “be going to +動詞原形”表示計劃、打算做某亊，表示已決定的、很可能發(fā)生的寧，或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事。如： What are you going to do next Sunday? 下周日你打箅干什么？Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.瞧那些鳥云，暴風(fēng)雨就要來臨了。（客觀跡象）注意:在下而幾種情況下只可用shall（will）表示將

21、來,而不可用be going lo結(jié)構(gòu)。 1)表示有禮貌地詢問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請或命令時。如： _ you please _me your bike? 請你把自行車借給我用一下好呵？ 2)表示意愿時。如: We _him if he _ us. 如果他請我們,我們愿意幫助他。(3)be doing表示將來常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動同有g(shù)o,come,leave,stay,start,begin等，表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。如：We _ _ for London.我們就要動身去倫敦了。 She_ _ there tomorrow.她明天耍去那兒。(4)用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的情況。 1)表示

22、按規(guī)定或時間表預(yù)計將發(fā)生的動作。如： We are going to Changchun. Our plane _ _at 8:10. 我們打算去長春。我們的飛機8:10起飛。2)當(dāng)主句為一般將來時態(tài)時,在if, as soon as.until. when等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。如： If it _ this afternoon, we _a football match. 如果今天下午不下雨,我們將進行一場足球比賽。4.現(xiàn)在進行時(1)現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時由“主語+ am/is/are +動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。否定形式:主語+ am/is/are + not +

23、動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞疑問形式:Am/Is/Are +主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(2)現(xiàn)在進行時的用法1)表示此時此刻正在進行的動作。如：-What _ you_?你在做什么？-I _ English.我正在讀英語。2)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。如： They _ hard this term.他們這學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)很努力。3)go,leave,arrive,start等動詞用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。如： I _ to Beijing this Sunday.本周日我打算去北京。4)當(dāng)時間狀語為now, these days等或當(dāng)句子中含有l(wèi)ook,listen, can you see. can'

24、t you see之類的暗示語言時，要使用現(xiàn)在進行時。但應(yīng)注逸下列這些動間一般不用于現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的句子中。a.表示感覺的動詞，如see,hear等。b.表示喜歡或厭惡的動詞,如like, love, hate,等。c.表示希塱的動同，如want,would like等。 d.表示狀態(tài)的動詞,如be等。 e.表示歸屬的動詞，如have等。f.表示思維、知識或埋解能力的動網(wǎng),如know,forget笄?！具厡W(xué)邊練】用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. I usually _ (get) up at 6:00, but. yesterday I _ (get) up at7:00, and tomorro

25、w I (get) at 6:30.2.Listen! Someone _(knock) at the door.3.How often _ Andy_ (surf) the Internet?4. My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer. 5._ the story _(happen) in London in 1940?6.If it _(not rain) tomorrow, they_(go) fishing. 7._Kates sister_(play) the piano every Sunday?8. They_(not cal

26、l) you the day after tomorrow.9. He doesnt tell me when he (come).Ill telephone you as soon as he (come).10. I (return) the books to you if I have time tomorrow.11. If it (be) sunny tomorrow, I (go) fishing in South lake.12. Hell send us a message as soon as he (arrive) in Singapore.13.Jenny_(be) a

27、foreign girl. She_(come) from the United States. Look! She_(draw) pictures in the living-room.Two years ago, her parents_(move) to China.Jenny_(not have) any friends, so she_(use) to feel lonely. But now she(have) many Chinese friends and_(study) with them every day. Jenny_(visit) her grandparents i

28、n America next month.一、補全對話，一空一詞。Mr. Zhang: Good morning. Nice to see you . I'm the director of this company. May I have your _1_, please?Scott: Good morning. My name is Scott. I am very glad to have the _2_to meet you here.Mr. Zhang: Well. Let's begin. Please tell me _3_your education backg

29、rounds(背景).Scott: I went to Shanghai University in 2003. I majored in _4_there.Mr. Zhang: Have you taken any other courses _5_management at the university?Scott: Well, I have taken a few computer courses and English courses.Mr. Zhang: How is your_6_English ?Scott: I think it's pretty good .I wri

30、te a lot of e-mails every day. I can also speak and write some French.Mr. Zhang: And you are good at_7_?Scott: I think so. I am pretty good at Word and Excel(電子表格). Mr. Zhang: What kind of working _8_do you have?Scott: I_9_to work at a computer company after leaving university.Mr. Zhang: OK. I'l

31、l consider your application.(申請表)and call you _10_.Thank you for coming.Scott: Thank you for your time.B完成對話：A: Jack, it seems that not everyone is interested in shopping in the department store, especially men. For1_, my husband extremely hates shopping because he can not stand crowds of people in

32、the mall. B: I agree. Usually when the products are on sale, it can be a good time to buy things at the 2_ price and it also draws a lot of people. So, its difficult for you to choose 3_ you really need and like. A: You mean you hate shopping too. Is there anything 4_ you hate about shopping?B: Of c

33、ourse. The thing I dont really like about shopping is to try on clothes. You have to walk around in the mall to find your 5_ and then put it on, but it doesnt always fit, then you have to try another one again, it makes me tired.A: Its right. Men may feel bored to do so. But women usually enjoying t

34、rying on different clothes for free in the mall. Maybe that is the biggest 6_ between men and women. B: As for shop assistants, they often drive me crazy. They follow you 7_ while shopping. They come 8_ to you as soon as you come into the store. And if you say you are just having a look, they will l

35、eave you alone.A: No, the situation that you are describing has 9_ so far. They only serve you when you need them and go out their way to do everything for you. Most of them offer the best 10_. B: Really? If thats true, I am likely to love shopping again. 二 .短文填空：creative, which, easy, build, where,

36、 make, with, usually, one, set, truth, improveSome people believe that schools will no longer be necessary in the near future. They say that because of the Internet and other new technology, there is no longer any need for school 1._, classes or teachers. Perhaps this will be 2._one day, but if the

37、world has no schools, I can't imagine how our society will be. In fact, we should learn how to use new technology 3._ schools better. We should invent a new kind of school that is linked (鏈接) to libraries, museums, science centers, labs and even companies. Technological companies should 4._learn

38、ing programs for schools. Scientists could give talks through the Internet. TV networks and local stations could develop programs about things students are studying in school. Websites could 5._up in labs to show new technology so students could see it on the Internet. Is this a dream? No. There are

39、 already many cities 6._ this is beginning to happen. Here the whole city is linked to the Internet, and learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office. Businesses provide programs for the schools and the society. The schools provide computer labs for people 7._their own computers at

40、home. Because everyone can go on the Internet, older people use it as much as younger8._, and everyone can visit faraway libraries and museums as 9._ as nearby ones. How will this new kind of school change the 10._ way of learning? It is too early to be sure, but it is very exciting to think about i

41、t. Technology will change the way we learn; schools will change as well; and we will all learn something from the Internet. 三 閱讀填表：Different cultures make different families. For example, there are differences in the way Chinese and Americans raise(撫養(yǎng)）children.First, Chinese and American families ha

42、ve different ideas towards independence. Each Chinese child is like the apple of parents eyes. It is not surprising to see Chinese parents always helping their children with getting dressed, having meals, bathing, and other things. American parents, on the other hand, teach their children how to do

43、things alone from childhoodSecond, most Chinese parents often make their children have extra classes, such as piano, drawing, or singing lessons. Parents want their children to develop in an all-round way and be better students than other children. The problem is that their children may not be inter

44、ested in these classes. American parents try to respect their children's interests and usually dont make them do what they dont like.Third, there is a difference in the way parents in China and American treat(對持)mistakes that children make. Many Chinese people believe in the saying, “Spare the r

45、od, spoil the child (不打不成器).” When Chinese parent see their children make mistakes, they often get very angry, some even hit them and to teach kids how to deal with their mistakes. This affects (影響) the childrens growing and the forming of their character, and also makes the generations gap(代溝)wide. American parents think it is common for people to make mistakes because mistakes are parts of life. They often say, “Its OK to mak