八年級(jí)英語7-12單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、Units 7 Will people have robots?二重點(diǎn)短語1.on computer 在電腦上 2. on paper 在紙上 3.live to be +基數(shù)詞 years old 活到···歲 4. free time 空閑時(shí)間5.in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中 6. on the earth 在地球上 7.space station 太空站 8. look for 尋找；尋求 puter programmer 計(jì)算機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)員 10.in the future 在未來 11. hundreds of 許多；大量12.the same . a

2、s 與.一樣 13. get bored 感到厭煩的14.wake up 醒來 15. fall down 突然倒下； 跌倒；倒塌16.look like 看起來像 17. will+ v. 將要做··· 18.fewer/ more+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 更少/更多··· 19.less/ more+不可數(shù)名詞 更少/ 更多···20. agree with sb. 同意某人的意見 21. such+名詞(詞組) 如此···22. live to be+基數(shù)詞+year(s)

3、old 活到···歲 23. try to do sth. 盡力做某事 24. make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 25. help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人 26. There will be+主語+其他 將會(huì)有···27. There is/are sb./sth. doing sth. 有某人/某物正在做某事28. Its +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事對(duì)于某人來說是···的29. play a part in sth. = take a p

4、art in sth. 參與某事(+n./pron./v-ing) 30. over and over again = time and time again 多次；反復(fù)地課文內(nèi)容詳解 P49 1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes? 你認(rèn)為人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人嗎？(1)本句是一個(gè)含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，Do you think 是主句，there will be.是賓語從句。如果do you think 放在句中，則為插入語，常放在特殊疑問詞之后，結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問詞+do you think+主語+謂語+其他成分？e.g.

5、 What time do you think the train will arrive here?there will be意為“將有；會(huì)有”，是there be 句型的一般將來時(shí)，可以與There is/are going to be.進(jìn)行句式轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g. There will be a film this evening.=There is going to be film this evening.There be句型中不能出現(xiàn)have/has, 要遵循“就近原則”。2.Will people use money in 100 years?100年以后人們還使用錢嗎？in+時(shí)間段“

6、在多長時(shí)間之后”，常用于一般將來時(shí)。辨析：in與forin+時(shí)間段 “在多長時(shí)間之后”，用how soon(“多久以后”)提問。for+時(shí)間段 “共計(jì)多長時(shí)間”，用how long(“多長時(shí)間”)提問。e.g.1. _ will your mother finish cooking dinner? In an hour.A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often 2. _ do you exercise every day? For an hour. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How ofte

7、n3.There will be (more/less/fewer) people.將會(huì)有(更多/更少/更少)的人。辨析：more 、less與fewer(1) more“更多的”，many和much的比較級(jí)，后跟pl.或uc. (2) less“更少的”，little的比較級(jí)，只接uc.(3) fewer“更少的”，few的比較級(jí)，只接pl. e.g. David is a good boy. He always makes _ mistakes(錯(cuò)誤) than others.little B. less C. few D.fewer4.Whats your prediction abou

8、t the future? 關(guān)于未來你的預(yù)言是什么？ in the future“在將來；以后”，特指將來的某一時(shí)刻; in future指從今以后的全部將來，相當(dāng)于from now on“從今以后”。5. I dont think so. 我不這樣認(rèn)為。(1) I dont think so.是英語口語中常用的短語，表示否定對(duì)方的意見或觀點(diǎn)意為“我不這樣認(rèn)為”，其肯定形式為I think so.“我也這樣認(rèn)為”(2) I hope so. 我希望如此./ I hope not. 我希望不是這樣.(3) Im afraid so. 恐怕如此./ I m afraid not. 恐怕不是.6.

9、But I want to live on the earth. 但我想住在地球上。辨析：on the earth 與on earthon the earth“在地球上”，用作地點(diǎn)狀語，位于句首或句末；on earth“究竟；到底”，用于疑問代詞或副詞后，以加強(qiáng)語氣。7. Today there are already robots working in factories. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機(jī)器人在工廠里干活了。 There is/are sb./sth. doing sth. 有某人或某物在做某事8. But many scientists disagree with Mr. White. 但許

10、多科學(xué)家不同意懷特先生(的觀點(diǎn))。disagree with sb. 不贊同某人 agree with sb. 贊同某人able(能)disable(使喪失能力) like(喜歡)dislike(不喜歡)appear(出現(xiàn))disappear(消失) believe(相信)disbelieve(不相信)9. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. 如果建筑物倒塌了，人被埋在里面，這些蛇形機(jī)器人能幫助尋找建筑物下面的人。辨

11、析：look for 與 findlook for“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動(dòng)作和過程；相當(dāng)于try to findfind“找到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。10. So Ill probably keep a bird. 因此，我可以飼養(yǎng)一只鳥。probably adv.“也許；大概；可能”，可位于句首，也可位于句中，助/be/情之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。11. During the week, Ill wear smart clothes. 在工作日期間，我將穿講究的衣服。during prep.“在···期間”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)性。辨析：wear與put onwear“穿著；戴

12、著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；put on“穿上；戴上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Exercises:( ) 1. Can I talk to you for a minute, Lucy? Sure, I have _ time.a few B. little C. few D. a little( ) 2. We must work harder next term(學(xué)期). There will be _ subjects , so we will have _ time for each subject.less; more B. less; less C. more; less D. more; fewer(

13、) 3. It _ me about 10 days _ painting the walls.A.took; to finish B. cost; finishing C. took; finishing D. spent; to finish ( ) 4. I think people here are friendly. Do you agree _ me?with B. to C. on D. From( ) 5. She often helps her mother _ the housework, but she never gets _.with; bored B. do; bo

14、ring C. on; bored D. to do; boring( ) 6. My brother will be a doctor _ two months.at B. in C. on D. for( ) 7. It will be difficult for a robot _ the same things _a person.doing; like B. do; from C. to do; as D. does; as ( ) 8. Does the building have _ rooms?three hundreds B. hundred of C. hundreds o

15、f D. the hundred of( ) 9. Mr. White thinks that robots wont _ talk to people.can B. able to C. be able to D. are able to( ) 10. Its cold outside, _ your coat.put B. put on C. wear D. take of( ) 11. Why are you in such a hurry, John? There _ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten

16、 minutes.is going to be B. is going to have C. will have D. will hold( ) 12. _ will your father come back? In two days.How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often( ) 13. You can buy this T-shirt, its nice. _. Its a little big.A. I hope so. B. I think so. C. I hope not. D. I dont think so.14. You ar

17、e too fat, you should eat _(little).15.They _ (have) a test in a week.16. Many _ (predict) didnt come true.17. It seems _ (possible) that people can fly. 18. I _(be) an doctor in the future. Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1. traditional adj. 傳統(tǒng)的 tradition n. 傳統(tǒng)2. traveler n. 旅行者；游客

18、travel v. 旅游3. salt n 鹽 - salty adj 咸的 4.final adj 最后的，最終的- finally adv 最終的 5. fill vt 裝滿- filled adj 滿的二、重點(diǎn)短語1.milk shake 奶昔 2. turn on 打開；接通(電流、煤氣、水)3. o. 把.倒入. 4. a good idea 好主意 5. a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶 6.cut up 切碎(代詞放中間) 7. o. 把.放入. 8. one more thing 還有一件事 9. a piece of 一片/張/段/首 1

19、0. at this time 在這時(shí) 11. a few+ pl. 一些；幾個(gè)(表肯定) 12. fill. with. 用.把.裝滿 13. cover. with. 用.覆蓋. 14. one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)；逐個(gè)；依次 15. a long time 很長時(shí)間 16. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 17. how many+pl. 多少. 18. how much+u. 多少. 19. how to do sth. 如何做某事 20. by doing sth. 通過做某事 21. There are many reasons for. 有許多理由 22. n

20、eed to do sth. 需要做某事 23.時(shí)間段+ago .以前(一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志) 24. make+賓語+adj. 使.怎么樣 25. Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 到(某人)做某事的時(shí)間了26. First.next.then.finally. 首先.接下來.然后.最后.27. finally= at last= in the last 最后 28. be filled with=be full of 充滿. 29. Id love to.=Id like to. 我很樂意. 30.Its time for +n/v-ing 該是做某事的時(shí)間了 31.

21、Its time to+ V原 該是做某事的時(shí)間了三、課文內(nèi)容詳解1. Turn on the blender. 打開食物攪拌器。本句為動(dòng)詞原形開頭的肯定祈使句，否定祈使句常用dont+動(dòng)詞原形開頭。與turn相關(guān)的短語：turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)閉 turn up 調(diào)高(音量等) turn down 調(diào)低(音量等)2. Cut up the bananas. 切碎香蕉。cut up“切碎”，是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”型短語，代詞作賓語放中間；名詞作賓語既可放中間，也可放后面。3. How much yogurt do we need? 我們需要多少酸奶？辨析：how much 與how

22、 manyhow much“多少”，提問數(shù)量，后接uc（不可數(shù)名詞）. ；“多少錢”，提問價(jià)格。 how many“多少”，后接pl.（可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）4. We need one cup of yogurt. 我們需要一杯酸奶。one cup of yogurt “一杯酸奶”?！盎鶖?shù)詞/不定冠詞+表示計(jì)量單位的名詞+of”可以用來表示數(shù)量，修飾pl.或uc.5. Can you tell me how? 你能告訴我怎么做嗎？Can/Could you.?句型的肯定回答用sure/of course/certainly等，否定回答用Sorry, I cant.6. Then, and the c

23、abbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes. 然后，加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥， 再煮上10分鐘。another 10 minutes “另外10分鐘”。相當(dāng)于10 more minutes “another+基數(shù)詞+名詞”表示“又/再/另”，相當(dāng)于“基數(shù)詞+more+名詞”。7. Do you know to plant a tree? 你知道如何栽樹嗎？how to plant a tree是“特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”，在句中作謂語動(dòng)詞know的賓語。how to do sth =what to do it 怎樣做某事

24、8. At this time, people also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago.此時(shí)，人們也回憶起約400年前從英格蘭遷來美國生活的首批漂泊者。本句中who引導(dǎo)的句子稱做定語從句，who是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)的句子作定語，修飾名詞travelers(先行詞)。如果被修飾的n./prep.指人，定語從句由who/whom或that引導(dǎo)；如果被修飾的n./prep.指物，則由which/that引導(dǎo)。9. These days, most Amer

25、icans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family. 現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)美國人依然通過和家人團(tuán)聚吃大餐的方式來慶祝這種感恩的想法。give thanks “感謝；感恩” 相關(guān)短語：give thanks by doing sth.通過做某事感恩 give thanks to sb/sth. 對(duì)某人/某事表示感謝10. Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner. 這是為感恩節(jié)大餐制作火雞的一種

26、方法。one way to do sth.“做某事的一種方式/方法”，相當(dāng)于one way of doing sth. The best way to do sth 做某事的最佳方法11. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下來，用這些面包混合物填充火雞。fill.with. 用.把.填滿(主動(dòng)語態(tài))be filled with 被.填滿(被動(dòng)語態(tài))=be full of 充滿.12. When it is ready, place the turkey on a plate and cover with gravy. 火雞烤好后，把它放在

27、一個(gè)大盤子里并把肉汁覆蓋在上面。(1) cover.with.用.覆蓋.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))(2) be covered with.被.覆蓋(被動(dòng)語態(tài))13. Then, make the chicken soup very hot, over 100.然后，將雞湯燒到很熱，超過100.make sb./sth. do sth. 使某人/某物做某事make+賓語+adj. 使···怎么樣14. Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles! 現(xiàn)在就是享受美味米線的時(shí)刻了。Its time (for sb.) to do sth.到(某人)

28、做某事的時(shí)間了Its time for sth. 到做某事的時(shí)間了Exercises:( ) 1. How much water do you want, Tom? _.A. Three glass water B. Three glasses waterC. Three glass of water D. Three glasses of water( ) 2. _ people are there in your family? There are five.A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How often( ) 3. Please _ the

29、 TV. There is an NBA game on CCTV-5. Lets watch it.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down( ) 4. _ yogurt do you want? Three cups.A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far( ) 5. You need three bananas and _.A. cut up them B. cut up it C. cut them up D. cut it up( ) 6. Dont forget _ Lin T

30、ao about the match when you meet him.A. tell B. tells C. telling D. to tell( ) 7. Lets make onion soup. _.A. Youre welcome B.Thats a good ideaC. Thank you D. Thats all right( ) 8. Here _ four bowls _ water.A. is; of B. are; of C. is; for D. are; for( ) 9. They celebrate the festival by _ a big meal

31、with their family.A. have B. has C. having D to have( ) 10. _ do you make a paper bird? Very simple.Let me show you.A. what B. How C. Where D. When ( ) 11. Can you go to movies with us this evening? _, but I have to do my homework.A. Of course B.OK C. Sorry, I cant D. Id love to( ) 12. Could you tel

32、l me _?A. what do B. how to do C. how to do it D. what does( ) 13. The large box is filled _ books.A. of B. with C. for D. in( ) 14. Theres _ rice in the bag, we need buy some.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few( ) 15. The girl is _ young _ go to school.A. so; that B. such; that C. too; / D. too;

33、to16. Jim, its time _ (go) to bed.17. I think it is the best way _ (learn) English well.18. Can you say some _ (different) between these two pictures?19. Do you agree _ (go) skating,Tina?20. _ (final), dont forget to add some salt.Unit 9 Can you come to my party?一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.invite v. 邀請(qǐng) invitation n. 邀請(qǐng)

34、函2.surprise n 驚奇，v 使驚奇-surprised adj 感到驚奇的（主語為人）-surprising adj 令人驚訝的（主語為物）重點(diǎn)短語1.on Saturday afternoon 在周六下午 2. prepare for 為.做準(zhǔn)備3. prepare to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事4. have the flu 患感冒 5. go to the party聚會(huì) 6. too much homework 太多作業(yè) 7. another time 其他時(shí)間 8. last fall 去年秋天 9. hang out 閑逛；常去某處 10. study for a te

35、st 為考試而學(xué)習(xí) 11. take a trip 去旅行12. the day before yesterday 前天 13. reply in writing 書面回復(fù)14. the day after tomorrow 后天 15. not.until. 直到.才 16. accept an invitation 接受邀請(qǐng) 17. at the end of this month 在這個(gè)月末 18. the opening of. .的開幕式/落成典禮19. go to the concert 去聽音樂會(huì) 20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 21. be

36、sad/glad to do sth. 做某事很悲傷/高興22. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事(看完全過程或經(jīng)?？匆?see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事(看的時(shí)候動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或碰巧偶爾看到) 23. the best way to do sth. 做某事最好的的方式24. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 25. reply to sb./sth. 答復(fù)某人/某事三、同義短語1. available = be free 有空的 2. glad = happy 高興的3. sad = unhappy 悲哀的，難過的 4. hav

37、e to = must 必須；不得不(后跟動(dòng)詞原形) 5. turn down = refuse 拒絕 6. go shopping = do some shopping = go to buy sth去購物7. look after = care for = take care of 照顧；照看8. have a.lesson/class = take a. lesson/class 上一節(jié).課四、課文內(nèi)容詳解1. Jenny, can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?珍妮，周六下午你能來參加我的聚會(huì)嗎？辨析：in、on、at、byin用

38、于年份、月份、季節(jié)、城市名稱前；on用于星期、具體日期或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上前；at后跟點(diǎn)鐘；by“不遲于”，后跟時(shí)間。 2. Refusing 拒絕refuse v.“拒絕”，相當(dāng)于turn down.refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事P68 3. A: Whats today? 今天是什么日子？ B: Its Monday the 14th. 今天是14號(hào)，星期一。 Whats today? “今天是什么日子？” Its + 星期 + 日期. (答語必須星期在前日期在后) Whats the date today? “今天是幾月幾號(hào)？” Its + 具體日期. (月在前

39、日在后，日用序數(shù)詞) What day is it today? “今天星期幾？” Its + 星期. (星期首字母大寫)P68 4. look after his sister 照顧他的妹妹與look相關(guān)的短語：look at 看著··· look for 尋找 look forward to 盼望；期望look up (在詞典)查找 look out = be careful 小心； 當(dāng)心 look around 環(huán)顧四周P69 5. She helped me to improve my English so much.她幫助我把英語提高了那么多。辨析：so

40、 much與so manyso much“如此多”，后跟uc. 也可修飾v.作狀語放句末；so many“如此多”，后跟pl.P69 6. Bring MS. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised. 在沒有告知斯蒂恩女士的前提下，把她帶來參加聚會(huì)，以便她會(huì)感到驚喜。without“沒有”，后跟n./pron./v-ing, 其反義詞為with“具有，帶有”。without doing sth. 沒有做某事 7. I look forward to hearing from you all. 我盼望

41、著收到你們的答復(fù)。look forward to“盼望；期望”，后跟n./pron./v-ing.hear from sb.“收到某人的來信”，相當(dāng)于get/receive a letter from sb.反義短語為write to sb.“寫信給某人”hear of = hear about 聽說P71 8. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th. 請(qǐng)于12月20日周五前以書面形式回復(fù)此邀請(qǐng)。by Friday“在周五前”，by表示時(shí)間“不遲于；到···為止”或“

42、在···前”。8.感嘆句：（1）What + a/an+adj+單數(shù)n+主語+謂語?。?）What +adj+復(fù)數(shù)n +主語+謂語?。?）How +adj/adv+主語+謂語！Exercises:( ) 1. The story he told us happened _ the night of May 5th.A. in B. at C. by D. on( ) 2. What are you doing, Tom? I am preparing _ the math test.A. to B. with C. for D. On( ) 3. He can c

43、ome to your party, because he is not busy. He is_.A. available B. surprised C. busy D. Sad( ) 4. My family and I _ looking forward to _ my grandparents.A. am; visit B. are; visit C. am; visiting D. are; visiting( ) 5. I think you can be _ at the _ news.A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprisi

44、ngC. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised( ) 6. Can you hang _ with us on Saturday? Sure, Id love _.A. out; to B. out; / C. /; to D. /; /( ) 7. Dont worry. Tom isnt leaving _ next month.A. because B. until C. after D. When( ) 8. I have _ homework to do this weekend.A. too many B. too much

45、C. many too D. much too( ) 9. _ good idea！That sounds great.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a( ) 10. I need it this afternoon, you must finish it _ 12:00.A.in B. by C. on D. For( ) 11. _? Its Monday the 20th.A. What day is it today? B. Whats the date today?C. Whats date? D. Whats today?( ) 12. There

46、 was _ noise outside.A. so many B. many C. so much D. much too 13. Tony invites us _ (play) soccer with him tomorrow.14. He will not refuse _ (help) you. Dont worry.15. Who is making the _ (invite), do you know?16. I can bring Lingling here without _ (tell) her.Unit 10 If you go to the party, youll

47、have a great time!1 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1. meet v. 遇見 meeting n. 會(huì)議；集會(huì)；會(huì)面2. organize v. 組織；organization n. 組織-organized adj有組織的 3.advise v. 勸告；建議 advice n. 勸告；建議(u.)4. travel v. 旅行；游歷 traveler n. 旅游者；漂泊者5. understand v. 理解 understanding adj. 善解人意的2 重點(diǎn)短語1. have a class meeting 開班會(huì) 2. half the class 一半的同學(xué)3. order foo

48、d 訂購食物 4. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣5. give sb. some advice 給某人提一些建議6. travel around the world 環(huán)游世界 7. go to college 上大學(xué)8. make (a lot of) money 賺許多錢 9. get an education 得到教育10.work hard 努力工作 11. keep. to oneself 保守秘密12.talk to/with sb.= speak to sb. 與某人交談 13. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤 14.in life 在生活中 15. be a

49、ngry at/about sth. 因某事生氣16. run away 逃避；逃跑 17. the first step 第一步 18. in half 分成兩半 19. solve a problem 解決問題 20. school clean-up 學(xué)校大掃除 21. need to do sth. 需要做某事 22. too+adj./adv.to+V原. 太.而不能. 23. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不要)做某事24. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人(不要)做某事25. advise sb. (not) to do s

50、th. 勸告某人(不要)做某事26. Its best (not) to do sth. 最好(不)做某事27. give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. 給某人某物28. be afraid to do sth.= be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事3 課文內(nèi)容詳解P74 1. ···lets order food from a restaurant···讓我們從飯店order sth. from+地點(diǎn) 從某地訂購某物order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 in ord

51、er 按順序in order to/that 為··· P74 2. If we ask people to bring food, theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate because theyll be too lazy to cook. 如果我們讓人們帶食物來，他們只會(huì)帶炸薯?xiàng)l和巧克力，因?yàn)樗麄儜械萌プ鲲垺sk sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要在某事 too.to. 太.而不能.too+adj./adv.+to+v原. = not+adj./adv（此處的adj為too后adj的反義詞）.+enough+v原.“不夠.而不能.”= so+adj./adv.+that從句 “如此.以至于.”P75 3