幾組代詞的用法PPT課件

1、1幾組代詞的用法幾組代詞的用法2 other, the other, anotherother, the other, another與與othersothers的用法的用法 這些不定代詞不僅在含義上有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，而且在用這些不定代詞不僅在含義上有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，而且在用法上有泛指法上有泛指( (無無the)the)和特指和特指( (有有the)the)之別。其用法區(qū)別之別。其用法區(qū)別可歸納如下：可歸納如下： 1. 1. 指單數(shù)時(shí)的區(qū)別指單數(shù)時(shí)的區(qū)別 若泛指用若泛指用anotheranother，若特指用，若特指用 the other the other。如：。如： give me another

2、 (one). give me another (one). 另外給我一個(gè)。另外給我一個(gè)。 shut the other eye, please. shut the other eye, please. 請把另一只眼睛也閉請把另一只眼睛也閉上。上。 2. 2. 指復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)的區(qū)別指復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)的區(qū)別 若泛指用若泛指用 other( other(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞) )，若特指用，若特指用the the other(other(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞) )。如：。如： there are other ways of doing it. there are other ways of doing i

3、t. where have the other students gone? where have the other students gone? 3 3. others3. others的用法的用法 它永遠(yuǎn)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義它永遠(yuǎn)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義( (且其后不能再接名詞且其后不能再接名詞) )。其。其用法大致相當(dāng)于用法大致相當(dāng)于“other+other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，同樣地，同樣地 the the others others 大致相當(dāng)于大致相當(dāng)于“the otherthe other復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。如：。如： other people others may not think that o

4、ther people others may not think that way. way. 別的人可能不這樣想。別的人可能不這樣想。 he is cleverer than the others the other he is cleverer than the others the other students in her class. students in her class. 他比班上其他學(xué)生聰明。他比班上其他學(xué)生聰明。 4. another 4. another的用法的用法 一般只能表單數(shù)，且其后接名詞也只能接單數(shù)名一般只能表單數(shù)，且其后接名詞也只能接單數(shù)名詞。但是若其后有數(shù)詞

5、或詞。但是若其后有數(shù)詞或 few few 修飾時(shí)，則也可接修飾時(shí)，則也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如： we need another few chairs. we need another few chairs. 我們還需要幾把我們還需要幾把椅子。椅子。 in another two weeks it in another two weeks itll be finished. ll be finished. 再再過兩個(gè)星期就可做完了。過兩個(gè)星期就可做完了。4 替代詞替代詞it, that, (the) one(s), thoseit, that, (the) one(s), those的用

6、法的用法 1. it 1. it和和thatthat的用法的用法 兩者都可替代兩者都可替代“the+the+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞( (可數(shù)或不可數(shù)可數(shù)或不可數(shù)) )”，均，均表特指，但表特指，但itit指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是指是指前面提到的前面提到的“同類同類”事物。如：事物。如： the parkers bought a new house but the parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can _will need a lot of work

7、before they can move in. move in. a. they b. it a. they b. it c. one d. whichc. one d. which 解析：答案選解析：答案選b b。itit替代替代 “the + housethe + house”，指的就是，指的就是前面提到的前面提到的the parkersthe parkers所買的那座新房子。所買的那座新房子。 few pleasures can equal _ of a cool few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. drink

8、 on a hot day. a. some b. any c. a. some b. any c. that d. thosethat d. those 解析：答案選解析：答案選c c。thatthat替代替代the pleasurethe pleasure，指與前面提，指與前面提到的同屬到的同屬“快樂的事快樂的事”。5 2. 2. 替代詞替代詞oneone的用法的用法 one one用以替代用以替代“a a單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛，表示泛指。特指的指。特指的the onethe one相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于thatthat；the onethe one復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形式形式the onesthe

9、 ones，在口語中也常用，在口語中也常用thosethose代替；代替；當(dāng)后面有當(dāng)后面有ofof短語時(shí)，一般用短語時(shí)，一般用thatthat或或thosethose，當(dāng)，當(dāng)有前置修飾語時(shí)，只能用有前置修飾語時(shí)，只能用one(s)one(s)，如，如the red the red oneone。one(s), the one(s), those, thatone(s), the one(s), those, that都是都是替代替代“同類同類”事物，其中只有事物，其中只有thatthat可替代不可可替代不可數(shù)名詞。如：數(shù)名詞。如： we needed a new cupboard for th

10、e we needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. so peter made _ from some kitchen. so peter made _ from some wood we had.wood we had. a. it b. one c. himself a. it b. one c. himself d. anotherd. another 解析：答案選解析：答案選b b，oneone替代替代a cupboarda cupboard。6 mr zhang gave the textbooks mr zhang gave the textbo

11、oks to all the pupils except to all the pupils except _who had already taken _who had already taken them.them. a. the ones b. a. the ones b. ones c. some ones c. some d. the othersd. the others 解析：答案選解析：答案選a a，后面的定語從句，后面的定語從句是特指，是特指，the onesthe ones替代替代 the the pupilspupils。此處也可用。此處也可用thosethose。7 替

12、代詞替代詞thatthat與與thosethose的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別 thatthat用作替代詞主要用于替代用作替代詞主要用于替代“the+the+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞( (可數(shù)可數(shù)或不可數(shù)或不可數(shù)) )”，表特指。，表特指。如：如： a dog a dogs intelligence is much greater than s intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. that of a cat. 狗的智慧比貓的高得多。狗的智慧比貓的高得多。 a grandparent a grandparents job is easier than

13、 that of a s job is easier than that of a parent. parent. 祖父母的任務(wù)比父母的任務(wù)要輕松一些。祖父母的任務(wù)比父母的任務(wù)要輕松一些。 those those用作替代詞主要作于替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表特指。用作替代詞主要作于替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表特指。 it its up to us to help those in need. s up to us to help those in need. 我們有責(zé)任幫助那些有困難的人。我們有責(zé)任幫助那些有困難的人。 it is said that those who eat the most are it is

14、said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. the least healthy. 據(jù)說吃得最多的人身體最差。據(jù)說吃得最多的人身體最差。 only those who had booked in advance were only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. allowed in. 只有那些預(yù)先訂票的人可以進(jìn)去。只有那些預(yù)先訂票的人可以進(jìn)去。8 注：替代詞注：替代詞thatthat與代詞與代詞itit的用的用法不同，法不同，itit主要指前面提到的主要指前面提

15、到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是指前是指前面提到的面提到的“同類同類”事物。同樣事物。同樣地，替代詞地，替代詞thosethose與代詞與代詞theythey用用法也不同，法也不同，theythey主要指前面提主要指前面提到的到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是是指前面提到的指前面提到的“同類同類”事物。事物。9 替代詞替代詞onesones與與the onesthe ones的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別 ones ones主要用于替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表泛指；若需主要用于替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表泛指；若需特指，則用特指，則用the onesthe ones。如：。如： if you

16、haven if you havent got a big plate, two t got a big plate, two small ones will do. small ones will do. 如果沒有大盤子，兩個(gè)小盤也行。如果沒有大盤子，兩個(gè)小盤也行。 we still have shortcomings, and very we still have shortcomings, and very big ones too. big ones too. 我們還有缺點(diǎn)，而且是很大的缺點(diǎn)。我們還有缺點(diǎn)，而且是很大的缺點(diǎn)。 do you know the ones who moved

17、 here do you know the ones who moved here recently? recently? 你認(rèn)識(shí)最近搬到這兒來的那些人嗎你認(rèn)識(shí)最近搬到這兒來的那些人嗎? ? the top front teeth are the ones which the top front teeth are the ones which are most at risk from tooth decay. are most at risk from tooth decay. 上門齒是最容易受到腐蝕的牙齒。上門齒是最容易受到腐蝕的牙齒。10 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞asas與與whichwhic

18、h的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者可互換。如：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者可互換。如： i live a long way from work, as which you i live a long way from work, as which you know. know. 我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn)，這你是知道的。我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn)，這你是知道的。 1. 1. 通常要用通常要用asas的場合的場合 當(dāng)從句位于主句前面時(shí)，只用當(dāng)從句位于主句前面時(shí)，只用 as as。如：。如： as is known to everybody, the moon travels as

19、is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. round the earth once every month. 月球每月繞地球轉(zhuǎn)一周，這是每個(gè)人都清楚的。月球每月繞地球轉(zhuǎn)一周，這是每個(gè)人都清楚的。 用于用于such, as, the samesuch, as, the same后引導(dǎo)限制性定語從后引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)，只能用句時(shí)，只能用asas。如：。如： i never heard such stories as he tells. i never heard such stories a

20、s he tells. 我從未聽過他講那樣的故事。我從未聽過他講那樣的故事。 this is the photo which shows my house. this is the photo which shows my house. 這張照片拍的是我的住宅。這張照片拍的是我的住宅。11 2. 2. 兩者的細(xì)微區(qū)別兩者的細(xì)微區(qū)別 asas引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句應(yīng)與主句在意義上和引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句應(yīng)與主句在意義上和諧一致，諧一致，whichwhich無此限制。如：無此限制。如： he went abroad, as which was expected. he went abroad, a

21、s which was expected. 他出國了，這是大家預(yù)料到的。他出國了，這是大家預(yù)料到的。 he went abroad, which was unexpected. he went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出國了，這讓大家感到很意外。他出國了，這讓大家感到很意外。( (不用不用as)as) asas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，先行詞通常不能是引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，先行詞通常不能是主句中某個(gè)具體的詞，而應(yīng)是整個(gè)句子、整個(gè)短語主句中某個(gè)具體的詞，而應(yīng)是整個(gè)句子、整個(gè)短語或某個(gè)短語推斷出來的概念，而或某個(gè)短語推斷出來的概念，而which which 則

22、無此限制。則無此限制。如：如： the river, which flows through london, is the river, which flows through london, is called the thames. called the thames. 這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。( (不用不用as)as)12 當(dāng)當(dāng)asas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作主語時(shí)，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作主語時(shí)，其謂語通常應(yīng)是連系動(dòng)詞，而不宜是其他其謂語通常應(yīng)是連系動(dòng)詞，而不宜是其他動(dòng)詞，而動(dòng)詞，而 which which則無此限制。如：則無此限制。如： she has m

23、arried again, as which she has married again, as which seemed natural. seemed natural. 她又結(jié)婚了，這似乎很她又結(jié)婚了，這似乎很自常。自常。 she has married again, which she has married again, which delighted us. delighted us. 她又結(jié)婚了，這使我們很她又結(jié)婚了，這使我們很高興。高興。( (不用不用as)as)13 替代詞替代詞oneone與與the onethe one的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別 one one 用作替代詞主要用于

24、替代用作替代詞主要用于替代“a a單數(shù)可數(shù)名單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞詞”，表泛指；若需特指，則用，表泛指；若需特指，則用 the one the one。如：。如： a fast train is one that goes fast. a fast train is one that goes fast. 快車是一種行駛快的火車?？燔囀且环N行駛快的火車。 the accident was similar to one that the accident was similar to one that happened in 2008. happened in 2008. 這個(gè)事故與發(fā)生在這個(gè)事故與發(fā)生在

25、20082008年的事年的事故類似。故類似。 open the drawer on the left, the one with a open the drawer on the left, the one with a key in it. key in it. 打開左邊的抽屜，上面有鑰匙的那個(gè)。打開左邊的抽屜，上面有鑰匙的那個(gè)。 here are six rings. pick out the one you here are six rings. pick out the one you like best. like best. 這里有六枚戒指，選出你最喜歡的一這里有六枚戒指，選出你最

26、喜歡的一枚。枚。 i want very much to see these films, i want very much to see these films, especially the one you mentioned. especially the one you mentioned. 我很想看這些電影，特別是你提到的那一部。我很想看這些電影，特別是你提到的那一部。 注：注：the onethe one與與thatthat均可表特指，但前者只用于替均可表特指，但前者只用于替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，而后者則可用于替代可數(shù)或不可代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，而后者則可用于替代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。數(shù)名詞。14

27、 no one, nobodyno one, nobody與與none none 的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別 1. 1. 從所指代的名詞來看從所指代的名詞來看 no one=nobodyno one=nobody，兩者均只能指人不指物，且其后不可接表，兩者均只能指人不指物，且其后不可接表示范范圍的示范范圍的ofof短語；而短語；而none none 既可指人也可指物，且其后通既可指人也可指物，且其后通常要接表示范圍的常要接表示范圍的ofof短語。如：短語。如： almost no one nobody believed her. almost no one nobody believed her.

28、幾乎沒有人相信她的話。幾乎沒有人相信她的話。 none of the keys would open the door. none of the keys would open the door. 這些鑰匙哪一把也開不開這個(gè)門。這些鑰匙哪一把也開不開這個(gè)門。 2. 2. 從單復(fù)數(shù)意義來看從單復(fù)數(shù)意義來看 no one=nobodyno one=nobody均表示單數(shù)意義，用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也均表示單數(shù)意義，用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)；而用單數(shù)；而nonenone用作主語時(shí)，若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用作主語時(shí)，若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指可數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)用單數(shù)，若指可數(shù)名詞，

29、則謂語可用單數(shù)( (較正式較正式) )也可用也可用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)( (用于非正式文體用于非正式文體) )。如：。如： none of this money is mine. none of this money is mine. 這錢都不是我的。這錢都不是我的。 none of my friends is are interested. none of my friends is are interested. 我的朋友沒有一個(gè)感興趣。我的朋友沒有一個(gè)感興趣。15 3. 3. 從否定的范圍來看從否定的范圍來看 nonenone通常否定的是一種數(shù)量，即指數(shù)量上通常否定的是一種數(shù)量，即指數(shù)量上“一個(gè)也一

30、個(gè)也沒有沒有”，而，而 no one no one 或或 nobody nobody 則往往表示一種全則往往表示一種全面否定，即指面否定，即指“誰都沒有誰都沒有”。如：如： i wanted some more coffee but there was none i wanted some more coffee but there was none left. left. 我想再喝點(diǎn)咖啡，但一點(diǎn)都不剩了。我想再喝點(diǎn)咖啡，但一點(diǎn)都不剩了。 you mustnst spend so much money. yousll you mustnst spend so much money. yousl

31、l soon have none left. soon have none left. 你不要花這么多錢，很快你就會(huì)一文莫名的。你不要花這么多錢，很快你就會(huì)一文莫名的。 “is there any milk left?” “no, there is “is there any milk left?” “no, there is none left.” none left.” “還有沒有剩下牛奶？還有沒有剩下牛奶？”“”“沒有，一點(diǎn)兒也沒剩。沒有，一點(diǎn)兒也沒剩。”注：正因?yàn)樽ⅲ赫驗(yàn)閚onenone否定的是一種數(shù)量，所以在回答否定的是一種數(shù)量，所以在回答 how many how many 或或

32、 how much how much 的提問時(shí)，通常用的提問時(shí)，通常用 none none，而在回答而在回答 who who 的提問時(shí)，通常用的提問時(shí)，通常用 no one no one 或或 nobodynobody。16 2. 2. 常用慣用表達(dá)常用慣用表達(dá) one.the otherone.the other表示表示“(“(兩者中的兩者中的) )一個(gè)一個(gè)另一個(gè)另一個(gè)”。如：如： what i say goes in at one ear and out at what i say goes in at one ear and out at the other. the other. 我說

33、話他是一只耳朵進(jìn)，另一只耳朵出。我說話他是一只耳朵進(jìn)，另一只耳朵出。 one.the othersone.the others表示表示“(“(好幾個(gè)中的好幾個(gè)中的) )一一個(gè)個(gè)其余都其余都”。如：如： of their five children, one is in china of their five children, one is in china and the others are abroad. and the others are abroad. 他們有五個(gè)小孩，一個(gè)在中國，其余的都在國外。他們有五個(gè)小孩，一個(gè)在中國，其余的都在國外。 注：若為三者，想要表示注：若為三者，想要

34、表示“一個(gè)一個(gè)另一個(gè)另一個(gè)剩下的一個(gè)剩下的一個(gè)”，可用，可用one.another.the one.another.the other the third.other the third.；若為四者，可用；若為四者，可用one.another.another a third.the one.another.another a third.the other the fourth, the lastother the fourth, the last。17 some.the otherssome.the others表示表示“一些一些其他一其他一些的些的”。如：如： the search par

35、ty was divided into two the search party was divided into two groups. some went to the right, the groups. some went to the right, the others went to the left. others went to the left. 搜尋小組一分為搜尋小組一分為二，一部分向右，另一部分人向左。二，一部分向右，另一部分人向左。 someotherssomeothers表示表示“有的有的有的有的”。如：如： some people build while other

36、s destroy. some people build while others destroy. 有些人建設(shè)而另一些人則破壞。有些人建設(shè)而另一些人則破壞。 注：該結(jié)構(gòu)也可說成注：該結(jié)構(gòu)也可說成somesomesomesome。如：如： some of us agree, some disagree. some of us agree, some disagree. 我們有些人同意，有些人不同意。我們有些人同意，有些人不同意。18 有關(guān)人稱代詞排序的幾點(diǎn)說明有關(guān)人稱代詞排序的幾點(diǎn)說明 請看下面這個(gè)句子：請看下面這個(gè)句子： _ are of the same age. _ are of the same age. a. you, he and i a. you, he and i b. ib. i，you and heyou and he c. ic. i，he and youhe