(廣東專版)2015年中考英語專題七+連詞和并列句課件

1、連詞是一種虛詞，不能獨(dú)立承擔(dān)句子成分，而只能起連接詞與詞、短語與短語或句子與句子的作用。連詞主要分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。英語句子按照結(jié)構(gòu)分為簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句三種。簡單句是只有一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。并列句是由并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連接起來的句子。且前后分句的時(shí)態(tài)往往一致。復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子，從句是主句的一個(gè)句子成分，從屬于主句。第二部分第二部分 語法專題語法專題專題七專題七 連詞和并列句連詞和并列句. 表示并列關(guān)系的連接詞表示并列關(guān)系的連接詞1. and的用法and的用法的用法用法例句連接語法作用相同的詞、短語或句子，表示并列或?qū)ΨQ的關(guān)系。You

2、can read and write after work. 你工作之后可以讀讀寫寫。They speak Chinese and I speak Chinese , too. 他們說漢語，我也說漢語。表示動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上外套出去了。用法例句用在come，go，try等動(dòng)詞后連接另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，表目的。Lets go and ask Miss Green. 我們?nèi)枂柛窳中〗惆?。表?xiàng)l件和結(jié)果。Come early and you will see him. 早點(diǎn)過來你就能看到他。連接兩個(gè)相同的動(dòng)詞、副詞或形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)表

3、強(qiáng)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)語氣。The little boy danced and danced. 那個(gè)小男孩跳啊跳。連 接 兩 個(gè) 數(shù) 詞 ， 表 示“加”。Whats seven and eight? 7加8等于多少？用于固定詞組或者固定結(jié)構(gòu)中。The bank is between our school and the hospital. 銀行就在我們學(xué)校和醫(yī)院之間。注意：由and連接的兩個(gè)表“條件和結(jié)果”關(guān)系的分句時(shí)，若第一個(gè)分句是祈使句，第二個(gè)分句需用將來時(shí)，其含義相當(dāng)于由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Work hard, and you will win the prize. = If you work

4、 hard, you will win the prize. 只要你努力工作，就能獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！镜淅觥?. Go downstairs, _ stand in line on the playground as soon as possible. A. and B. butC. soD. or解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用and連接。 答案：A。2. Hurry up, _ finish your homework! A. orB. butC. andD. while解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間為并列關(guān)系，and在此表目的。3. David，get up early,

5、 _ youll catch the early bus. A. butB. andC. afterD. or答案：C。解析：根據(jù)句意可知，前一句是條件，后一句是結(jié)果，因此用and表兩個(gè)分句之間的并列關(guān)系。 答案：B。2. neither . nor，not only .，but also，both . and的用法neither . nor, not only ., but also & both . and 的用法的用法連詞用法例句neither . nor .既不也不強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者都不，連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則。Neither you nor I am right. 你我都不對(duì)。not

6、 only . but also .不 但 ， 而且強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則。Not only my father b u t a l s o I a m i n t e r e s t e d i n football. 我爸爸和我都對(duì)足球感興趣。both . and .兩者都強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者都，連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Both my father and mother work in that factory. 我的爸爸媽媽都在那家工廠工作?！镜淅觥?. He speaks _ English _ French. Instead, he speaks Germa

7、n. A.either; or B. not only; but alsoC. both; and D. neither; nor解析：根據(jù)第二句的句意可知，他既不講英語，也不講法語。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者都不的詞。2. I hear _ your grandpa _ your grandma like watching Beijing Opera. Right, just as many old people do in our city.A.both; and B. either; orC. neither; norD. not only; but also 解析：both . and .連接主語時(shí)

8、，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；而B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則；且句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為like的原形。答案：D。答案：A。. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but, while & however的用法的用法連詞用法例句but但是所連接的成分意思相反或相對(duì)。but前面一般加逗號(hào)，但后沒有逗號(hào)。The car is very old, but it runs very fast. 這輛車很舊了，但是跑得還很快。while然而強(qiáng)調(diào)所連接部分的對(duì)比關(guān)系。Hes a worker while his wife is a doctor. 他是一名工人，他妻子是一名醫(yī)生。however然而和它連

9、接的句子前后都用逗號(hào)隔開。Mr. Mott is very poor, however, he feels very happy. 莫特先生非常窮，但他覺得很快樂?！镜淅觥?. The beginning of the movie was boring, _ the end was amazing! A. butB. andC. soD. or解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。2. A true friend can see the pain in your eyes _ everyone else believes the smile on your face.A. while

10、B. becauseC. beforeD. until解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系。答案：A。答案：A。. 表示選擇的連詞表示選擇的連詞either . or ., not . but .， or & rather . than .的用法的用法連詞用法例句either . or .或者或者連接主語時(shí)，其謂語遵循就近原則。Either she or he is going to do some shopping this afternoon. 她或者他準(zhǔn)備今天下午去購物。not . but .不是，而是 Sally is not a teacher but a musician.

11、莎莉不是一名教師而是一名音樂家。連詞用法例句or或者表選擇。Which do you like better, juice or Coke? 果汁和可樂，你更喜歡哪個(gè)？用在否定的并列句中。I cant speak English or French. 我不會(huì)說英語和法語。連接的兩個(gè)分句中第一個(gè)分句為祈使句時(shí)，第二分句需用將來時(shí)，祈使句相當(dāng)于條件句。Put on your coat, or you will catch a cold. 穿上你的外套，否則你會(huì)感冒的。連詞用法例句rather . than .寧愿而不愿 ；是 而 不是連接動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，rather和than后都接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式

12、。The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子們寧愿走著去也不愿坐公交車去。【典例精析】1. Which do you prefer, tea _ coffee? Tea, please.A. butB. soC. orD. and解析：根據(jù)句意可知，句子為選擇問句，應(yīng)用or。答案：C。2. Finish your homework _ you cant play computer games, Jim. All right, Mum.A. butB. tillC. andD. or解析：根據(jù)句意可知，第一個(gè)分句為第二個(gè)分句的

13、條件，只有or可以連接兩個(gè)這樣的分句。3. How do you like the two pairs of trousers? They dont fit me well. They are _ too long _ too short.A. not only; but alsoB. both; andC. neither; norD. either; or解析：根據(jù)答語的第一句可知，兩條褲子都不適合。同時(shí)long和short是一對(duì)反義詞，可以排除A、B、C選項(xiàng)。答案：D。答案：D。4. Its raining outside. I _ stay at home _ go out.A. pr

14、efer, toB. prefer, thanC. would rather, thanD. would rather, to解析：B、D兩項(xiàng)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，可排除；prefer . to .后面要跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞；would rather . than .后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。而stay和go皆為動(dòng)詞原形。5. The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not, _ whether you try or not. A. andB. orC. soD. but解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間為選擇關(guān)系。雖然or和but都表示選擇，但句子的意思是“不是

15、而是”，考查了固定搭配not . but .，而or沒有這個(gè)意思。答案：C。答案：D。. 表示因果的連詞表示因果的連詞so, far & there fore 的用法的用法連詞連詞用法用法例句例句so因此，所以表示結(jié)果。There are no buses, so youll have to walk. 這里沒有公共汽車，你只能步行了。for為了表示對(duì)前面情況的解釋，常用逗號(hào)將其和前面的分句隔開。The days were short, for it was now December. 由于現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)12月份了，白天短了。therefore因此，所以可以放在句首，后面加逗號(hào)；也可以放在句中作為插

16、入語。常表示很強(qiáng)的推斷，用法比較正式。He was very tired, therefore he went to bed early. 他很累，所以他很早就睡了?！镜淅觥縏he shops were closed _ I didnt get any milk. A. soB. asC. orD. but 解析：根據(jù)句意可知，兩個(gè)分句之間為因果關(guān)系。答案：A。V. if的用法的用法if有兩個(gè)意思，作“是否”講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，同whether，其所引導(dǎo)的從句的時(shí)態(tài)由事實(shí)決定；作“假如，如果”講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，此時(shí)若主句為將來時(shí)或祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。He couldnt

17、tell if she was laughing or crying. 他弄不清楚她是在笑還是在哭。We dont know if it will rain tomorrow. 我們不知道明天是否會(huì)下雨。If it rains tomorrow, we wont have a sports meeting. 如果明天下雨，我們就不開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了。VI. 不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中的連詞不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中的連詞1. because和so不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里，二者只能用其一。Because he was tired, he couldnt walk there. = He was tired,

18、 so he couldnt walk there. 因?yàn)樗哿?，所以他不能步行到那里了?. (al)though和but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里，二者只能用其一。但(al)though和yet或still可以同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里。Though he was tired, he still worked hard. = He was tired, but he still worked hard. 雖然他很累，但他仍然努力工作。VII. and和和or用于否定句中的區(qū)別用于否定句中的區(qū)別1. 當(dāng)列舉成分是主語，又在否定詞之前時(shí)，用and連接；而當(dāng)列舉成分在否定詞之后時(shí)，用or連接，構(gòu)成完全否定。Lucy and Lily cant speak Chinese. 露西和莉莉都不會(huì)說漢語。