直接引語改為間接引語的變化.doc

1、。直接引語改為間接引語的變化1. 人稱的變化。其規(guī)律為：一從主，二從賓，三不變。具體為：（1）如果直接引語的主語是第一人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的主語保持一致。如： Mary said,“I want to forget the past.”Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past.（2）如果直接引語的主語是第二人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的賓語保持一致。如： He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?”He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab.

2、（3）如果直接引語的主語是第三人稱，變化時，該人稱保持不變。如： Jim said ,“ They are going to do their homework.”Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework.2. 時態(tài)的變化。（1）如果主句是一般現在時，賓語從句原有時態(tài)保持不變。如： Mary says, “I went to see the movie yesterday.” Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.”（2）如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句的時態(tài)會有以下變

3、化( 科學事實、自然規(guī)律除外) 。a. 一般現在時 一般過去時b.一般將來時 過去將來時 c.現在進行時 過去進行時d. 一般過去時 過去完成時e.現在完成時 過去完成時。也就是說要落后一個時態(tài)。3. 直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語及動詞都會發(fā)生相應的變化，變化見下表。在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞this, thesethat, thosenowthen/at that timethis week/monththat week/monthyesterdaythe day before時間狀語last week/monththe week/month beforethre

4、e days/years agothree days/years beforetomorrowthe next/following daynext week/monththe next/following week/monthtodaythat day地點狀語herethere動詞come, bringgo, take情態(tài)動詞can, may, mustcould, might, had to4. 各種句型的直接引語改為間接引語的方法。（1） . 陳述句改為間接引語時，常用動詞said, told，連詞 that,多被省略。如： Ben said,“I won tgo to Marcias h

5、ouse on Friday night.”Ben said (that)he wouldntgo to Marcias house on Friday night.Lana said to me,“Im not mad at you anymore.”Lana told me(that)she wasntmad at me anymore.。1。（2） . 一般疑問句常用if或 whether 來將其改為間接引語（選擇疑問句只能用whether ），常用 ask 來引述，可以加間接賓語。語序為陳述語序。如： She said,“Could I copy your homework?”She

6、asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework.She said,“Is this book yours or hers?”She asked(me)whether that book was mine or hers.（3） . 特殊疑問句的間接引語，仍由原來的特殊疑問詞引導。語序用陳述語序。如： She said,“Why dontyou think it is a good idea?”She asked why I didntthink it was a good idea.（4） . 祈使句時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并

7、在不定式的前面根據句子的意思加上 tell,ask,order等動詞。如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面加上not 。其句型是： tell/ask/order someone (not)to do sth。如，He said to Tom,“Dontdo the work anymore.”He told Tom not to do the work anymore.She said to us,“Please have a rest.” She asked us to have a rest. 將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1.Mary said,“I am proud of my class.

8、”Mary said that _ _proud of her class.2.John said,“This is my bedroom.”John said that _ _ his bedroom.3.Miss Gao said,“I like living here.”Miss Gao said that _ _ living _.4.He said,“Ill go tomorrow.”He said that _ _ go _ _ _.5.My mother said：“I am going to make dumplings”._.6.She said： “I do homewor

9、k every day.”_.7.He said ： “I willplaybasketballthisnight.”.8. She said,“Do you often come here to read newspaper?”_.9. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked. _10. He asked, “Where do you live? ”_.11. “How can we get to the post-office?”he asked. _12. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? _13.Ourte