高中英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)北師大版《虛擬語(yǔ)氣》

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣The Subjunctive Mood英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣： 陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣 祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、一、 陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一個(gè)看法。有肯定，否定，用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一個(gè)看法。有肯定，否定，疑問(wèn)或感嘆等形式。疑問(wèn)或感嘆等形式。1. There are two sides to every question. 每個(gè)問(wèn)題都有兩個(gè)方面.2. They didnt watch fireworks yesterday evening. 昨晚他們沒(méi)有看焰火.3. What can I do for you ?我能為你做什么?4. How dis

2、appointed Tom was !湯姆很失望.5. What lovely flowers those are! 那些花兒真漂亮.二、祈使語(yǔ)氣二、祈使語(yǔ)氣 用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的請(qǐng)求，命令或勸告等。動(dòng)詞要用原用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的請(qǐng)求，命令或勸告等。動(dòng)詞要用原形，其否定式在動(dòng)詞前加形，其否定式在動(dòng)詞前加do not. 1. Let me have a try. 我來(lái)試一試我來(lái)試一試. 2. Dont be late again. 別再遲到了別再遲到了. 3. Dont say it in Chinese. Say it in English. 別用漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)別用漢語(yǔ)說(shuō),用英語(yǔ)用英語(yǔ). 4. Lets go

3、 and play basketball. 我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球.1. I hope our life will be better. 希望我們的生活會(huì)更好。 2. I wish I were younger. 要是我年輕一點(diǎn)就好了。3. If he was out that day, then he couldnt answer the phone. 如果那天他在外面，他就無(wú)法接電話.4. If he had been out that day, he couldnt have answered the phone. 如果那天他在外面的話，他就無(wú)法接到 電話了.有可能(陳述語(yǔ)氣)不可能(

4、虛擬語(yǔ)氣)推測(cè)(陳述語(yǔ)氣)與事實(shí)相反(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)三三 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣與事實(shí)相反與事實(shí)相反, ,或不可能發(fā)生或不可能發(fā)生, ,或發(fā)生的可能性或發(fā)生的可能性非常小非常小表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，愿而是一種與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，愿望，猜測(cè)或建議等等。望，猜測(cè)或建議等等。四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的種類(lèi)1. 條件類(lèi)虛擬條件類(lèi)虛擬 If I were a millionaire, I would still work hard. 如果我是百萬(wàn)富翁，我還是要努力工作。如果我是百萬(wàn)富翁，我還是要努力工作。2. wish類(lèi)虛擬類(lèi)虛擬 I wish I had not w

5、asted the time. 要是我沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就好了。要是我沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就好了。3. Should類(lèi)虛擬類(lèi)虛擬 I suggest you phone before you go there. 我建議你去那兒之前先打個(gè)電話。我建議你去那兒之前先打個(gè)電話。五(1)條件類(lèi)虛擬時(shí)間時(shí)間從句謂語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在If I were If I did I would be I would do 將來(lái)將來(lái)If I were/did If I should be/doIf I were to do I would be I would do 過(guò)去過(guò)去If I had been If I h

6、ad done I would have been I would have done If we had time now, we would read it again.If she knew about it, she would come.If he were here, everything would be all right.If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends there.If she should come, I would ask her for help.If you were to fail t

7、o catch the train, you might take the bus.If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.If I had had the money last year, I would have bought a car.If they had known her address, they would have written to her.1. If I _ you, I wouldnt return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. were2. If

8、 I _more time, I would have gone with you. A. had B. had had C. Have had D. would have3. If I had known that, I _ so. A. wouldnt do B. wouldnt have done C. wont do D. have not done4. If it_ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. rained C. would rain D. rain5. If it should rain, I _go there tomorrow

9、. A. will B. would not C. wont D. would not have不用if條件從句，而用介詞或副詞 without (沒(méi)有), but for(要不是), otherwise(否則) 這些詞可以表示某種假設(shè)情況,從而省略條件句.1. I was busy last week. I to see you. =If I had not been busy, I would have come2. / you, I what I am today. =If it hadnt been for you, I would not be .五(2) 條件類(lèi)虛擬的簡(jiǎn)略式 ele

10、ctricity, human life_ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 2. the Party, he _of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must die D. must have died 3. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A. attended B. have attended C. Would atten

11、d D. would have attendedIf there were no electricity,If it hadnt been for the Party,DAIf I hadnt been busy, I D這類(lèi)虛擬表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，或和事實(shí)相反的情這類(lèi)虛擬表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，或和事實(shí)相反的情況況六、wish類(lèi)虛擬I wish I were / would do / had done If only I were / would do/ had done I would rather did / had done He looked as if he were / woul

12、d do/ had done It is time we did /should do I wished I were younger.I wish I hadnt told him about it.I wish that I would afford a new car.If only he had talked to her sooner!I would rather you didnt go out alone.It looks as if it were brokenIt is time we started to work.1. I wish I _ able to tell hi

13、m all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be2. How I wish I _to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try 3. If only I _ able to lighten the burden of my family, but I am still a student . A. were B. have been C. am D. would

14、be4. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been 5. I wish _ me alone. A. he has left B. he leaves C. He will leave D. he would leave6. Id rather you _ tomorrow. A. came B. come C. will come D. had comeCBADDA表示建議.要求.命令類(lèi)的名詞性從句通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。

15、should可以省略一堅(jiān)持一堅(jiān)持: insist 二命令二命令: order, command三建議三建議: advice, suggest, recommend四要求四要求: demand, require, request, desire形容詞：形容詞：necessary, important, essential, strange七、should類(lèi)虛擬ExamplesHe suggested that we should visit the palace right away.She recommended that the meeting be put off.He ordered t

16、hat they should start off immediately.I demanded that he should answer me at once.It is necessary that the problem should be discussed at once.It was surprising that he should say so.It is really strange that the girl _ so early. A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marryC八、虛擬句的

17、倒裝形式條件從句中有were ,had ,should時(shí),可不要if,而用倒裝(注意:had必須是完成式的助動(dòng)詞)1. If I meet her, I her.2. If I in your position, I it better.3. If it to rain tomorrow, I would put off the journey.4. If he you, he would talked to you. I meet her, I would tell her. I in your position, I would do it better. it to rain tomor

18、row, I would put off the journey. he you, he would talked to you.1 If we_(book)a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue.2 If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he_( be) able to speak it much better now.3. Do you think George has passed the driving test?No. If s

19、o, he _( drive )his car to our college yesterday. 4. My mom suggests that we_(eat) out for a change this weekend. 5. It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _.6. Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ (be )at the age

20、 of six months old.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _( have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. 8. If my car _(be)more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.9. We _ (face) the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?10 If we _ (make )adequate prepa

21、rations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. 11.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we_(visit)more places of interest yesterday. 12. I_( go )through that bitter period without your generous help. 13. If he _ (follow) my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.14.If we _ _( take

22、) the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. 15.John went to the hospital alone.If he _ (tell) me about it, I would have gone with him.16. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _ (save). 1（2014重慶卷重慶卷 ）It was John who broke the window. Why

23、are you talking to me as if I _it? A. had doneB. have done C. did D. am doing2（2014浙江卷浙江卷 ） They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _ to our help. A. would have come B. could come C. have come D. had come3（2014天津卷）天津卷） _ the morning train, he would not

24、 have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught4（2014陜西卷）陜西卷） We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【舉一反三舉一反三】George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on