初中英語反義疑問句精講

1、反義疑問句反義疑問句 (The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑問句。它表示提問人的看法 , 沒有把握 ,需要對方證實。 反義疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個陳述句，后一部分是一個簡短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。主語一般詞語附加疑問句中主語用和主語一致的主語，用主格。不定代詞當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是(1)everyone,no one， nobody 等時，后面的疑問句應(yīng)表示為：Everyone is in the classroom, arent they?基(本不用單數(shù)，但也可用he）Nobody will go, will they?(2) everything

2、,anything,nothing,something 時，附加疑問句中主語一般用it 不用they（ 3） this,that,或 those,these時，附加疑問句中主語用it 和 they.特殊句型否定意義的詞（ 1）當(dāng)陳述部分有 never，seldom, hardly，few，little ，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意義的詞時，后面的反意疑問句則為肯定形式：There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late,

3、do they?（ 2）當(dāng)陳述部分含有否定意思的詞是 unhappy,dislike,unfriendly 等含有否定詞綴的派生詞，也就是有 un-前綴、 -less 后綴等含有 詞綴而意思否定的詞，當(dāng)做肯定句處理，疑問部分要用否定形式。如：1He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高興，不是嗎？The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?這女孩不喜歡歷史，不是嗎？表示主語主觀意愿的詞含有 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等動詞后接 賓語從句 構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，視情況不同有兩

4、種不同的構(gòu)成方式。(1) 當(dāng)主句的主語為 第一人稱 時，其后的簡短問句應(yīng)與從句相一致。例如：I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you?值得注意的是， 當(dāng)這些動詞后接的賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句時， 其仍屬否定句，故其后的簡短問句應(yīng)用肯定式，而非否定式。例如：I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he?Wedont imagine t

5、he twins have arrived, have they?此類句子的回答同 前否后肯 型反意疑問句一樣，如上述后一個句子，若雙胞胎已經(jīng)到了， 則回答為 Yes, they have.；若尚未到達(dá)， 使用 No, they havent.。(2) 當(dāng)主句的主語為第二、 三人稱時，其后的簡短問句則應(yīng)與主句相一致 （此時，否定只看主句，與從句無關(guān) .）。例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she?You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you?They d

6、ont believe shes an engineer, do they?She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she?(3)但如果主句的時態(tài)是過去時等等，疑問句應(yīng)和主句的人稱時態(tài)保持一致。had better 或 have陳述部分有 had better,或其中的 have 表示完成時態(tài) 時，疑問句應(yīng)用 hadnt等開頭：Youd better get up early, hadnt you?其他情況句中有 have 時疑問句應(yīng)用 dont 等開頭如 have表示 “有 ”的時候，有兩種形式：-He has two siste

7、rs,doesnt he?-He doesnt have any sisters,does he?2祈使句當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時，疑問句要根據(jù)語氣來表達(dá)當(dāng)開頭是 Let s時，一定要用 shall we。其余都用 will you （包括 Let us）不論肯定否定Let s go out for a walk, shall we?Let us go out for a walk, will you?Let me help you,may I?Turn on the radio, will you?There be 句型There be 句型中，反義疑問部分必須為be 動詞 + thereThe

8、re are some apples in the basket, arent there?There isnt any milk left, is there?must當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞must，問句有 4 種情況：（ 1） mustnt 表示 “禁止，不可，不必 ”時，附加問句通常要用must.You mustnt stop your car here,must you?你不能把車停在這地方，知道嗎？（ 2） must 表示 “有必要 ”時，附加問句通常要用neednt.They must finish the work today,neednt they?他們今天要完成這項工作，是嗎？

9、（ 3）當(dāng) must 用來表示對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行推測時，問句通常要根據(jù)must 后面的動詞采用相應(yīng)的形式。He must be good at English,isnt he?他英語一定學(xué)得很好，是嗎？（ 4）當(dāng) must+have done表示對過去的情況進(jìn)行推測（一般句中有明確的過去時間狀語 ），問句要根據(jù)陳述部分謂語的情況用 “didnt+主語 ”或“wasnt/werent+主語 ”；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成（一般沒有明確的過去時間狀語），問句要用“ havent/hasnt+主語 ”。She must have read the novel last week,didnt she?她上星期一

10、定讀了這本小說，是嗎？You must have told her about it,havent you?你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？3回答反意疑問句的回答用yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反 ,當(dāng)陳述部分是否定形式時，回答要按事實。如：They don t work hard, do they?他們不太努力工作，是嗎？Yes, they do. 不，他們工作努力。 /No, they don對t，. 他們工作不努力肯定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為否定式， 反意疑問句為肯定式時， 其回答往往與漢語不一致， 需特別引起注意：It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, it is它.

11、不便宜吧？ ”“不，很便宜。 ”He doesn t love her, does he? No, he doesn t.“他不愛她，是嗎？ ”“是的，他不愛她。 ”此時， Yes即不，對前面 It isnt cheap.的否定。否定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為肯定式， 反意疑問句為否定式時， 其回答一般不會造成困難， 一般只需照情況回答即可：It s new, isnt it? Yes, 是itis新.的，對嗎？“ ”“對，是新的。 ”He wants to go, doesn t he? No, he doesn t.“他想去，對嗎？ ”“不，他不想去。 ”此時， No 即是，對前面 It

12、s new.的肯定?；卮鸱匆庖蓡柧涞脑瓌t回答反意疑問句通常應(yīng)根據(jù)實際情況來確定，“ It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？” “ It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？”肯定均為 “Yes，it is. 否定為 “No，it isnt.4快 速 記 憶 表陳述部分的謂語IWishno,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little 等否定含義的詞ought to（肯定的）have to+v.(had to+v.)used tohad better + v.would rat

13、her + v.youd like to + v.must感嘆句中Neither nor, either連接or的并列主語疑問部分arent Imay +主語肯定含義shouldnt/ oughtnt +主語dont +主語 (didnt + 主語 )didnt + 主語或 usednt +主語 hadnt youwouldnt + 主語wouldnt + 主語根據(jù)實際情況而定be +主語根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定指示代詞或不定代詞everything,that, nothing,this主語用 it并列復(fù)合句謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定定語從句 ,賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句根據(jù)主句的謂語而定think,

14、believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)與賓語從句相對應(yīng)的從句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one復(fù)數(shù) they, 單數(shù) he情態(tài)動詞 dare或 need need (dare ) +主語dare, need 為實義動詞do +主語省去主語的祈使句will you ？Lets 開頭的祈使句Shall we?Let us 開頭的祈使句Will you?there be相應(yīng)的謂語動詞 +there(省略主語代詞）否定前綴不能視為否定詞仍用否定形式must 表推測根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句5練習(xí)一、單項選擇1、Few o

15、f them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_A. don t they B. didn t theyC. did theyD. do they2、 -You ve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ?-_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havenC.tCertainly, I haveD. Of course, I havent3、His sister had a bad cough, _she?A. w

16、asn t B. doesn tC. hadn t D. didnt4、Mr. Green went to Shenzhen on business last week,_?A. isn t heB. doesn t he C. didn t heD. hasn t he5、John can hardly understand any Chinese, _he?A. Can t B. doesn t C. can D. does6、Don t smoke in the meeting-room,_?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you7、Lucy

17、, you clean the blackboard today,_A. do youB. did youC. will youD. can you8、Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada ,_?A. will sheB. won t she C. isn t sheD. wasn t she9、The lady couldn t say a word when she saw the snake,_?A. could the ladyB. couldn t the ladyC. could sheD. couldn t

18、she10、-_sweater is this?- I think it s Peter s.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Whose11、-_I go and meet you at the airport?-No ,thanks, dear . I can take a taxi home.A. WillB. DoC. ShallD. Should612、-_is the Confucian Temple(孔廟 ) from here?- It s about 10 minuters walk.A. How manyB. How longC. How muchD. How

19、 far13、-_may I keep these book?-two weeks.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How soon14、Tina is unhappy now,_?A. isn t sheB. is sheC. is heD.did she15、-_you _TV at the moment?-No ,you can turn it off.A. Did, watchB. Are ,watchingC. Do ,watchD. Have , watched16、-_do you go to Hong Kong?-sorry , I ve

20、 never been there.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. How soon17、A: _you ever _ the Great Wall?B: Only once.A. Did ,goB. Have , been to C. Have ,gone toD. Have ,been in18、-You lent me some money a few months ago.-_? I don t remember lending you any money .A. Did IB. Did youC. Do ID. Do you19、-_is it

21、 from here to Yancheng Railway Station?-About two kilometers.A. How oftenB. How farC. How soonD. How long20、-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?-_.A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes both 21、My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_? A. has he B. does h

22、e C. hasn t heD. doesn t he22、There is some water in that bottle, isn t _A. thereB. itC. thatD.those723、-_will the foreign students be back from NanJing.-In two days, I think .A. How soonB. How oftenC. How farD. How fast24、-Have you seen the film Return Of the King ?-_. I going to see it tonight.A.

23、No , I didnB.t Yes ,I doC. Yes ,I haveD. Not yet25、-John, will you please paint the door yellow?-_?A. WhyB. What is itC. How is itD. How about26、-Let s go and play football,_?-That s wonderful.A. will youB. do youC. won t you D. shall we27、-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_?-Yes, because his mother has gone shopping.A. does heB. is heC. doesn t heD. hasn