動(dòng)詞用法大全

1、時(shí)態(tài)： 高考常見的8 種時(shí)態(tài)。關(guān)鍵記憶構(gòu)成不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語（如last, yesterday 用一般過去式）主動(dòng)語態(tài)常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ be done ）非謂語動(dòng)詞得被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般語氣（陳述語氣）= 常見時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成感嘆句（感嘆名詞、形容詞）是動(dòng)詞要考慮It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 +that/who+ 從句語氣助動(dòng)詞（相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)） +動(dòng)詞原形強(qiáng)調(diào)句I do care about your feeling.(我 的確 在乎你的感受 )倒裝句If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句虛擬語氣非謂語動(dòng)詞一堅(jiān)持；二命令；三建議；四要求；外加recommend, urge特殊句式中虛擬語氣如何變

2、化謂語動(dòng)詞to do：目的，將來主語，賓語，定語，表語，狀語，補(bǔ)語doing: 主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行主語，賓語，定語，表語，狀語，補(bǔ)語done: 被動(dòng)，過去完成表語，定語，狀語，補(bǔ)語引言：英語中語氣、 語態(tài)的變化都是通過動(dòng)詞變形實(shí)現(xiàn)的， 所以掌握動(dòng)詞的變形舉足輕重。切記：要把示意動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)謂語和非謂語動(dòng)詞要分開， 非謂語顧名思義已經(jīng)不是謂語動(dòng)詞了，所以它的用法和變形與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是不一樣的！記?。?to do: 目的，將來，具體行為doing ：主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行，一般行為done: 被動(dòng)，完成，過去非謂語不定式 (to do)動(dòng)名詞（現(xiàn)在分詞）過去分詞類型目的，將來（doing）主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行（ done）過去，完成充

3、當(dāng)句主語，賓語，定語， 主語，賓語，定語，定語，狀語，子成分表語，狀語，補(bǔ)語表語，狀語，補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語 ,表語一般式to do /doing/doneto be done(被動(dòng) )being done(被動(dòng) )to have done/having done/完成式to have been donehaving been done( 被動(dòng))否定式Not to doNot doingNot done非謂語動(dòng)詞（to do, doing ,done）句中充當(dāng)?shù)贸煞忠约白冃?（務(wù)必牢記）：下面我們分門別類的討論不同結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：動(dòng)名詞（doing）作主語1)Reading is an art.閱讀是門藝術(shù)。

4、Seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。改錯(cuò)： Play Taiji benefits our health.Playing Taiji benefits our health.（動(dòng)詞原形不能直接作主語，做主語要把動(dòng)詞名詞化，變成doing 或 to do）2)It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.) 等名詞+doing sth.It is no use crying.哭沒有用。It is no good objecting.反對(duì)也沒有用。It is a great fun pl

5、aying football 打籃球很有趣。It is a waste of time trying to explain 設(shè)法解釋是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。3) It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive 等形容 )+ doing sth It is useless speaking光. 沒用。It is nice seeing you again真高 又遇到了你。It is good playing chess after supper晚 后弈棋挺好。 It is expensive running this car開 種小 是浪 。動(dòng)詞不定式（

6、 to do）作主語（具體的 /個(gè) 的或?qū)淼?作，多用不定式作主 ）To read this book is very interesting.To be a teacher is his dream.動(dòng)名詞作賓語1）只能跟 名 作 的 有：Suggest, finish, avoid, can 禁t不help(住)，mind, enjoy, require, practice, miss, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, keep, leave off, put off, keep on, give up + doingeg. He tries to a

7、void making mistakes.The man missed being chose by that world-famous company.2）begin, start, like, love, hate, propose, prefer, dislike, continue, want, need, stop, forget, remember, regret, try, delay, go ondoing ( 正在做的 )（like, dislike, love + doing 一般性的 好）（go on, stop, continue + doing一件事情）+to do

8、（去做）（like, dislike, love + to do 某次具體的 作）（ go on, stop, continue + to do兩件事情）切 ：remember doing remember to do做 去做mean doing 意味著mean to do 打算做try doing try to do 著做 做forget doingforget to do忘 做 忘 去做regret doing 后悔做 regret to do 后悔去做 3） want, need, require 表示“需要 ”want物 +need+ doing(=to be done)require

9、His clothes needed mending (to be mended).These young trees will require looking after.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語Wish, hope, agree, ask, promise, decide, expect, manage, offer, pretend, plan, refuse, care, fail, afford, determine 等 + to do.Did you agree to go to the park yesterday afternoon?Everybody wishes to have g

10、ood health.動(dòng)名詞(現(xiàn)在分詞 )作表語1) My job is teaching.His hobby is believing .Our work is serving the people. （表示抽象的、一般的 作）2) 在分 作表 ，表示主 的性 特征， “令人 ”，常 的 有 moving,amusing, astonishing, frightening, relaxing, shocking, worrying等。eg. The news she brought us was veryexciting.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語eg. Our work is to serve th

11、e people. (表示具體的、將來的某次 作)His dream is to travel across the wild island in the world.前置定 名 （ doing ） （a walking stick, boilin g water, afalling leaf, asleeping baby）-主 ， 行 去分 （ done）（ a fallen leaf, a broken watch, boiled water, afinished task）- 被 ，完成 不定式(to do)（I have many letters to write . (to wri

12、te many letters)We have made a planto learn from LeiFeng.Thats the way to doit. ）- 目的，將來動(dòng)名詞（ doing ）the children playing the park(the children who are playing the park)后置定語（本質(zhì)上是省略了引導(dǎo)詞和系動(dòng)詞的定語從句）過去分詞（ done）a book written in 17 C(a book which is written in 17 C)動(dòng)詞不定式 (to do) a building to be built next

13、 month (a building which is to be built next month)第一類：兩動(dòng)作由同一主語發(fā)出，把前面動(dòng)作處理成分詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句?，F(xiàn)在分詞 doing表示時(shí)間，原因，讓步等狀語。-與主語是主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。1.Being sick, he didn t go to work（原.因狀語）2.Having no money, I borrowed some from Johan.（原因狀語）3.The Iraq War went on for months,killing a lot of ordinary people. （結(jié)果狀語）4.Seeing from th

14、e top of tower, I saw a beautiful city of Paris. （時(shí)間狀語）5.Walking along the bank, I met a friend. （時(shí)間狀語）6.They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.（伴隨狀語）過去分詞 done 表示時(shí)間，讓步等狀語。-與主語是被動(dòng)完成 ( 過去 )。1.Given another chance, I m sure I will be successful.2.Seen from the top of the tower, Paris looks r

15、eally beautiful.3.Followed by a dog, the old man often takes a walk in the park.動(dòng)詞不定式 to do 表示目的，將來狀語作狀語。-與主語是目的將來。1.To finish the job on time, I have to hurry my steps.2.To reach the airport to see my sister off, I have to take a lift.第二類：前后句意不是同一個(gè)邏輯主語時(shí)，把前面表示時(shí)間、問題、天氣、事物的名詞或代詞后的動(dòng)詞處理成分詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句： 分詞的獨(dú)立主

16、格結(jié)構(gòu)。1.The problem solved, he went back home. 問( 被解決 )2.Time permitting , we will go outing this weekend. （ 允 ）3.The report having been read, a lively discussion began. （ 告被 完）動(dòng)名詞(doing) 作補(bǔ)語主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行1）doing 作 和前面的 其 形成 上的主 關(guān)系。I found a bag lying on the ground.The bosskept the workers working the whole ni

17、ght.4) 用 doing 形式作 的 有：a. 感官 ： see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to,等。 I see him stealing money from the women.Can you smell anything burning ?注意：感官 +賓語 +doing 作正在 行do（原形） 作完成we heard the telephonering .we heard the telephoneringing.b. 使役性 ： have, set, keep, get, catch,

18、leave, let, make I won havet you doing that.我不能容忍你那么做。I m sorry tohave keep you waiting .動(dòng)詞不定式 (to do)作賓補(bǔ)目的，將來1） “ +賓語 +（not ） to do ”， 有：advise，allow ，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid ，force，invite ，order， permit，persuade， remind， request， require，teach，tell ，want， warn 等。2） “ +賓語 +to b

19、e ”， 有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find ， suppose等。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.3）“ +賓語 +do” ,這 有：feel， have，hear，let， make， notice，observe， see， watch 等。 有兩個(gè) ：listen to， look at.例如：She wont let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.注意

20、 :這類句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不定式前加to。 例如：A child was seen to enter the building.She was often heard to sing this song.3）help 后的不定式可加 to，也可不加 to( 美國人不加 to 時(shí)較多 )，但被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要加 to。例如：Ill help you(to) push the cart.被動(dòng)語態(tài)為： Youll be helped to push the cart.4）“動(dòng)詞 +介詞短語 +to do ”I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to

21、help me through.此類動(dòng)詞還有： shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do 等。練習(xí)：1.They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. (1988全國 )A. growB. grewC. was growingD.to grow2.The teacher asked us _ so much noise. (2003北京 )A. dont makeB. n

22、ot makeC. not makingD. not to make3.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (2004北京 )A. for me taking B.me taking C. for me to take D.me to take 4.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. (2004上海 )A. causingB.

23、 being causedC.to be causedD.to have caused5. -Is Bob still performing ？-Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. (2005江蘇 )A.to have leftB.to leaveC.to have been leftD.to be left6.The mother felt herself _ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the

24、 battlefield. (2006 上海 )A. growB. grownC.to growD.to have grown7.Energy drinks are not allowed _ in Australia but are brought in from NewZealand. (2006上海 )A.to makeB.to be madeC.to have been madeD.to be making過去分詞(done)作賓補(bǔ)被動(dòng)，過去（ 1）表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)_感官 _動(dòng)詞，如： see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice, listen toA. I find my money stolen.B. He watched the balloon blown away.C. He was about to enter the hall when heheard his name called.歸納： see, watch, hear, not