初中英語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子練習(xí)題及答案

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)概述英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：Many people speak English. 謂語(yǔ)：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)many people來(lái)執(zhí)行的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。所謂“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”，相當(dāng)于中文中常說(shuō)的“被”、“由”的句式，如：“他的自行車被偷了?！?，再如：English is spoken by many people. 主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。判斷：看下面的兩個(gè)例句，你來(lái)判斷哪個(gè)是主動(dòng)哪個(gè)是被動(dòng)？He opened the door.他開了門。 （_）The door was opened.門被開了。 （_）二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成: be動(dòng)詞+Vp.p被動(dòng)特點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓，用be加上過去分。行為對(duì)象作主語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)by來(lái)引。1. English is _（speak）in Canada.2. The blouse is _（make）of silk.3. English is _（speak）by many people.誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒必要。動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)莫忘了。1. Some stamps were _（steal）last week.2. The PRC was _（found）on October 1, 1949.3. Football is _（play）in most middle schools.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)須留意，P.P前面助動(dòng)be. be + P.Pam（is,are）現(xiàn)在時(shí)，am（is,are）+P.Pwas和were表過去。was（were）+P.P完成have（has）been。have（has）been+P.P將來(lái)，情態(tài)，be原形。will（can,may,must）be+P.P進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)兩個(gè)be，前表時(shí)態(tài)后加ing。am（is,are）+being+P.P被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。凡是漢語(yǔ)中帶“被”的句子，都能轉(zhuǎn)換成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。三幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am/is/are+過去分詞肯定句：Bikes are _（sell）in that shop.否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop.疑問句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.2.一般過去時(shí)： was/were+過去分詞肯定句：He was _（save）in 1999.否定句：He was not saved in 1999.疑問句：Was he saved in 1999? Yes, he was. / No,he wasnt.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)： shall/will/be going to + be+過去分詞肯定句：An English class will be _（give）by Jack tomorrow.否定句：An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow.疑問句：Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow? 4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are + being+過去分詞肯定句：A car is being _（drive）now.否定句：A car is not being driven now.疑問句：Is a car being driven now? Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has+ been+過去分詞肯定句：A road has been _（build）by the government.否定句：A road hasnt been built by the government.疑問句：Has a road been built by the government? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt.6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be + P.P1）This clock can be _（repair）here.2）The trees may be _（plant）at other times of the year.3）The composition must be _（hand）in after class.4）The young trees should be _（plant）in spring. 四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如：Some new computers were _（steal）last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰(shuí)偷的）This book was _（publish）in 1981. 這本書出版于1981年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：The window was _（break）by Mike. 窗戶是邁克打破的。This book was _（write）by him. 這本書是他寫的。Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得到保證。 五、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法（1）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。（2）把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式）。（3）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：1.All the people _（laugh）at him. He was _（laugh）at by all people.2.They _（make）the bikes in the factory. The bikes are _（make）by them in the factory.六、補(bǔ)充一些賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞如make, see, hear等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中可以接動(dòng)詞原形（實(shí)為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式）作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是一定要注意恢復(fù)to。如：He made me stand outside. I was made to stand outside（by him）.I saw him play football. He was seen to play football（by him）. 專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build( )2. An accident _ on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives( )5.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted( )6.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done( )7.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known( )8. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked ( )9. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listenedC. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen ( ) 10. The question _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed ( )11. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was built B. was built C. builds D. has been built ( )12. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up ( )13. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished ( )14. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown ( )15. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. praisesC. have been praised D. always is praised ( )16. The picture_ in October, 1996.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken ( )17. We cant use the bridge now, because it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired ( )18. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing ( )19. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out ( )20. When water_ , it will be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats ( )21. We cant enter the room because its door_ .A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking ( )22. They _day and night.A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work ( )23. Man-made satellites _into space by many countries.A. was sent up B. is sent upC. have been sent up D. has been sent up ( )24. This English song _ often _ by the children.A.is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung ( )25.The windows of our house _once a week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned ( )26. When _ the Peoples Republic of China_ ? A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found ( )27. Marys radio _ by my brother just now. A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended ( )28. Some trees may _ at other times of the year. A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted ( )29. A new English play _ there next week. A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on ( )30. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday. A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen ( )31. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning. A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.Its said(據(jù)說(shuō)) that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.7 What _ knives _ (make) of ?8. They_(make) of metal(金屬) and wood.9. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library?10. The room _ (clean) by me every day.11. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime.12. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?13. The food _ (smell) delicious.14. Look! Someone _(dance).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。 1.Tea grows in South China.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）_.2. The children will sing an English song. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) An Englis