深圳牛津英語(yǔ)初一上學(xué)期知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總.doc

初一上學(xué)期Chapter 1 Making friendsI.知識(shí)點(diǎn)和課堂練習(xí)A. 重點(diǎn)詞組1.be keen on 熱衷于 2.come from 來(lái)自 3.enjoy playing rugby 喜歡打橄欖球4.hear from sb 收到某人來(lái)信 5.make friends with sb 與某人交朋友 6.play football 踢足球7.play tennis/chess 打網(wǎng)球/下棋 9.live with sb 和某人住在一起 10. reply to 回復(fù) 11.speak Chinese 講漢語(yǔ) 12.write to sb 給某人寫(xiě)信 13. would like to do sth 想做某事 14.work as 從事 15.walk to school 步行上學(xué) 16.at the top-right corner在右上角 17.a letter from a penfriend筆友的一封信 18.a photo of myself 我的一張照片 19.in the middle of 在中間 20. a boy called Jim 一個(gè)叫JIM的男孩 21.ones favourite sport 某人最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng) B.解釋句子1. Whats your height? = How tall are you? 2. Whats your weight? = How heavy are you ? 3. Whats your age? = How old are you?4. Whats the length of it? = How long is it?5. He owns a restaurant. = He has a restaurant. / He is the owner of the restaurant.6. I would like to be an architect. = I want to be an architect.7. He is my favourite singer. = Of all the singers, I like him best.8. I heard from him yesterday. = I received a letter from him yesterday.9. He enjoys reading. = He likes reading.10. They come from Beijing. = They are from Beijing.Where do they come from? = Where are they from?11. He is keen on skiing. = He is very interested in skiing.12. I dont know someone called Scott. = I dont know someone named Scott.13.He has a friend called Lin.He has a friend named Lin.14.He lives in a city. The city is called Shenzhen.He lives in a city called Shenzhen.15.Where do you come from?Where are you from?16. He works as an architect.He is an architect.17. He enjoys reading.He likes reading.18. My favourite hobby is playing chess.Of all the hobbies, I like playing chess best.C. 不定冠詞a/an的用法a后接輔音開(kāi)頭的單詞， an 后接元音開(kāi)頭的單詞。注意是根據(jù)讀音而不是根據(jù)字母來(lái)判斷是用a/an.5個(gè)元音的字母音 a ei e i: i ai o u u u:5個(gè)元音的短元音：a e bag cat hat mape e pen bed ten henI i big pig sit hillo box hot dog frogu u but mum bus mug12個(gè)單元音：短元音e e i u 長(zhǎng)元音 i: : a: u: : 8個(gè)雙元音：ei ai u au i i e u 一般而言,元音字母在單詞中發(fā)元音,輔音字母在單詞中發(fā)輔音，但偶有特例特例 an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) an honest boy一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩 a university一所大學(xué) a useful/useless thing 有用/無(wú)用的東西 a European (cat) 一個(gè)歐洲人/一只歐洲貓 a usual day 平常的一天a one-day holiday 一天的假期2.特殊疑問(wèn)詞what什么(可以用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)/職業(yè)/年齡/年級(jí)/號(hào)碼/顏色/時(shí)間/價(jià)格/人口或是詢(xún)問(wèn)某人怎么了) what colour / what is your name(age/you number/favourite sport) /what time/what colour/what class/what day/ what is the population of /what is wrong with/what about/what do you think of .?when什么時(shí)間(大概的) what time 具體的時(shí)間where什么地點(diǎn)/who誰(shuí)/whose誰(shuí)的/which哪一/why為什么how怎樣 -How do you go to school? -I go to school on foot. - How is your father?-He is well now.how old多大年齡 how many多少(后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)) how much多少(不可數(shù))；多少錢(qián)how long物體的長(zhǎng)度；時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度 ( for +一段時(shí)間 ) how soon多久以后( in+一段時(shí)間) -How soon will you go? -In two days.how often多久一次 -How often do you brush your teeth? -Once a day.how far路程的長(zhǎng)度 how tall(high)多高 how heavy多重-How far is it from Beijing to Guangzhou?-Its about 2000 km away.-Its twenty hours ride in train from Beijing to Guangzhou3.and,but,so的用法and 表示并列的連接，用來(lái)連接對(duì)等的單詞、短語(yǔ)和句子；but 用來(lái)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；so 表示因果“因此，所以”because 和so 不可同時(shí)連用Because he felt tied, so he fell asleep soon. ( )Because he felt tied, he fell asleep soon. ( )He felt tied, so he fell asleep soon. ( ) II. 課后練習(xí)Chapter two. Our daily lifeI. 課堂知識(shí)點(diǎn)A 重點(diǎn)的詞組1.be in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)；管理 2.look after 照顧 3. lose ones temper 發(fā)脾氣 4.stay up 熬夜 5. brush ones teeth 刷牙 6. go to school 上學(xué) 7. watch TV 看電視8. play table tennis 大乒乓球 9.ride a motorbike 騎摩托 10.play the piano 彈鋼琴 11. play computer games 玩電腦游戲 12. be similar to sb 和某人相似 13.be different from 與什么不一樣 14.be at school 在學(xué)校上學(xué) 15.get up 起床 16.make a phone call to sb 和某人通電話(huà) 17. fail the exam 考試不及格 18.on ones way to school 在上學(xué)的路上19. in an hour or two. 在一到兩小時(shí)內(nèi) 18. attend the club 參加俱樂(lè)部 補(bǔ)充：1. one of the top students 尖子生之一 注意： one of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)2. put on / take off the school uniform 穿上/脫下校服 (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作) wear the school uniform 穿校服（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）3. discuss business = talk about business 討論生意4. drive sb to school/ work 開(kāi)車(chē)送人去上學(xué)/上班5. make phone calls to clients = call clients = phone clients給顧客打電話(huà)6. achieve A grades = get A grades 取得A的成績(jī)7. fail an exam/ pass an exam 考試不及格/ 考試及格 fail to do 沒(méi)有做成 succeed in doing sth 成功做8. collect sb from a place 從接人9. return to (a place) = go back to (a place) 返回某地 return home = go back home return sth to sb = give sth back to sb. 還東西給某人10. attend a club / a meeting/ a course 出席俱樂(lè)部的活動(dòng)/會(huì)議/參加課程學(xué)習(xí)辨析：attend , join, join in , take part in 都表示“參加”，但搭配的短語(yǔ)不一樣。join + 團(tuán)體、組織、黨派 如：join the army/ the Pary 參軍/ 入黨 join in / take part in +活動(dòng)、比賽 如： join in / take part in the game/match 參加活動(dòng)/比賽attend + 會(huì)議、課程attend a meeting = be present at a meeting. 出席會(huì)議11. have meetings / a meeting 開(kāi)會(huì)12. assist sb with sth = help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事 assist sb to do sth = help sb (to) do sth13. continue doing = go on doing = keep doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事14. in an hour or two = in one or two hours 一至兩小時(shí)15. be similar to 和相似16. be different from = be not the same as 和不同17. be the same as 和一樣18. on the way to a place , on ones way to a place去某地的路上 on the way home. 在回家的路上19. lose ones temper with sb. = get angry with sb 發(fā)某人的脾氣 (lose- lost) (get- got) have a good / bad temper 脾氣好/壞20. take ones temperature 量體溫21tell the truth 說(shuō)真話(huà) tell lies / tell a lie 說(shuō)謊話(huà) 區(qū)別： truth n. 事實(shí)，真理 true adj. 真實(shí)的, 正確的 a true story 真實(shí)的故事 true or false 對(duì)還是錯(cuò)22. stay up (late) 熬夜 stay up doing sth 熬夜做某事 （經(jīng)常性的或已發(fā)生） stay up to do sth 熬夜去做某事 (還沒(méi)有發(fā)生，計(jì)劃去做)23. look after sb = take care of sb 照顧某人24. be in charge of = be responsible for 負(fù)責(zé)；管理B解釋句子1.We discuss business at breakfast.We talk about business at breakfast.2.My driver drives me to school in a car.My driver drives me to school by car.3.I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school.I sometimes call clients on the way to school.4.I never fail an exam.I always pass an exam.5.Then I return to school.Then I go back to school.6.Other students often ask me to assist them.Other students often ask me to help them.7.Then I continued working on my games.Then I went on working on my games.8.She is one of the top students in Shenzhen.She is one of the best students in Shenzhen.9.She is different from her sister.She is not the same as her sister.10.He is in charge of his company.He is responsible for his company.11He looks after his little brother.He takes care of his little brother.12. He tells the truth.He doesnt tell a lie.13.He doesnt often lose his temper with others.He isnt often angry with others.B一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. Be 動(dòng)詞的肯定（否定）句的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)(I/單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+BE（am.is are）+（not）+其他。I am（not）A teacher.2.BE 動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：BE（am.is are）+主語(yǔ)(I/單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+其他？Is it a girl? 回答:No,主語(yǔ)+be +not No, it is not.3.一般動(dòng)詞的肯定（否定）句的構(gòu)成: 主語(yǔ)+（dont）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。I (dont )walk to school4.一般動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：Do（does）+主語(yǔ)(復(fù)數(shù)/單數(shù))+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 ？Do you love it? C. 動(dòng)詞單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)的變化規(guī)則i.大多數(shù)在詞尾加S; looks,makes,writesii. 以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加es. Discusses teaches mixes washes iii.以輔音字母Y結(jié)尾的，將Y變i，加ES files carries studies IV以O(shè)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加ES does goesD. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。When do you go to bed every day?2. 表示永恒的真理或客觀(guān)的存在The earth moves around the sun. Silk feels soft and light.3. 表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性David writes good English.Our English teacher is very kind and helpful.4. 格言或警句中Pride goes before a fall 驕兵必?cái)?. 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。Will go out to play if it does not rain.I will call you as soon as I come back.E. 表示頻率的副詞和副詞短語(yǔ)Always（總是；一直這樣；表示動(dòng)作重復(fù)，中間無(wú)間斷）（頻度為100%），usually（通常；常常；表示很少有例外）（頻度為70%）, often（經(jīng)常；但是不如usually頻繁）, sometimes（有時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作偶爾）（20%的頻度）（some times幾次/ some time一段時(shí)間/sometime將來(lái)某時(shí)）, hardly every,never這些表示頻度的副詞一般放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞BE、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后.Chapter 3 TroublesI.課堂知識(shí)點(diǎn)A. 1. Deal with/do with 處理 2. hold out 伸出，取出3. take a ferry 乘渡船 4.call the police 報(bào)警5.wait for等待 6.stare at sb 盯著7.hurry aboard 匆忙上船 8.talk to sb 和某人說(shuō)話(huà) 9.steal sth from sb 偷某人東西 10. go after追趕 11.run away逃跑 12.pick up 撿起13.a few minutes ago幾分鐘前14.on the other side of the river在河的另外一邊 15.get off 下車(chē)16.be in handcuffs 戴著手銬17.Well done!干的好18.see sb doing sth 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事19.happen to sb發(fā)生在某人身上 補(bǔ)充：hurry up趕快 hurry to do = doin a hurry 趕快做某事 hurry n. 匆忙 & v. 趕緊hurry to + a place = go to + a place + in a hurry 匆忙趕去某地switch on = turn on 打開(kāi) switch off = turn off 關(guān)閉apologize to sb = say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉 apologize for sth = say sorry for sth 因某事道歉apologize to sb for sth 因某事而向某人道歉 apologize v. 道歉make an apology 道歉 accept an apology 接受道歉 refuse an apology 拒絕接受道歉(how to )deal with =(what to) do with 處理，應(yīng)付，解決hold out = take out 拿出，取出 （hold- held） (take-took)sth happen to sb. 某人發(fā)生某事 sth happen = sth take place 發(fā)生某事wait for sb./sth. 等某人/某事begin to do =begin doing = start to do=start doing 開(kāi)始做某事begin began v. 開(kāi)始show sth to sb. = show sb sth 給某人看某事 give sth to sb = give sb sth 給某人某物find + sth/sb + 形容詞 發(fā)現(xiàn)（覺(jué)得）怎么樣 find sth missing 發(fā)現(xiàn)某物不見(jiàn)了run away 逃跑 (run-ran)go after = follow 跟隨pick sth up 拾起某物report a theft 報(bào)告偷竊（案）on the other side of 在另一邊go on/off the bus/the ferry 上/下車(chē)/船see sb doing sth 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事 hear sb doing sth 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事see sb do sth 看見(jiàn)某人做某事 hear sb do sth 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事C解釋句子1. Do you often take a ferry to school？ Do you often go to school by ferry?2. How do you deal with the old clothes?What do you do with the old clothes?3. What happened to him?What was wrong with him?What was the matter with him?4. Then they began doing their homework.Then they started doing their homework.5. The room was empty.There wasnt anything in the room.There was nothing in the room.6. Could you show me your ticket?Could you show your ticket to me?7. He held out his pen and wrote.He took out his pen and wrote.8. I found him clever.I found he was clever.9. I found my money missing.I found my money was lost.10. The little girl followed the thief here.The little girl went after the thief here.11. My mother hurried home.My mother went home in a hurry.12. The man hurried to his office.The man went to his office in a hurry.13. We saw six policemen. The policemen were standing round the man.We saw six policemen standing round the man.14. I saw him. He was playing the piano.I saw him playing the piano.15. The thief stole my purse.The thief stole the purse from me.D表示“過(guò)去”的時(shí)間表達(dá)Yesterday,the day before yesterday,last,.ago,just now ,in+年（月），on+月（日）。E.一般過(guò)去時(shí)構(gòu)成1.BE動(dòng)詞的肯定句（否定）的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+BE（was+were）+（+NOT）+其他I was (not) a teacher two years ago.2.be動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：be（was+were）+主語(yǔ)+其他？ Were you a teacher one year ago?NO, I was not.2.一般動(dòng)詞的肯定、否定、一般和特殊疑問(wèn)句1.肯定句: 人稱(chēng)+V-ed+其他.2.否定句: 人稱(chēng)+ didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他.3.一般疑問(wèn)句: Did+人稱(chēng)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?4.特殊疑問(wèn)句: 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ did +人稱(chēng)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?C.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則1.一般規(guī)律構(gòu)成方法原形過(guò)去式一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-edaskasked以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只加-dmovemoved以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)镮, 再加-edcrycried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-edStopplanStoppedplanned以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只加-ddiedied2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。Cost-cost cut-cut hit-hit hurt-hurt let-let put-put read-read become-became Come-came run-ran ring-rang swim-swam sing-sang sit-sat begin-began Drink-drank give-gave ride-rode rise-rose write-wrote win-won drive-drove Shine-shone hold-held go-went get-got buy-bought fight-fought lend-lentSend sent spend-spent build-built keep-kept sleep-slept sweep-swept draw-drew Blow-blew grow-grew know-knew throw-threw fly-flew break-broke speak-spokeWake-woke take-took mistake-mistook can-could will-would forget-forgot sell-sold Stand-stood understand-understood am/is-was are were choose-chose do-did dig-dugEat-ate fall-fell find-found feel-felt have/has-had hear-heard hang-hung shall-should Learn-learnt/learned smell-smelt/smelled burn-burnt/burned mean-meant lie-lay say-said leave-left lose-lost meet-met make-made may-might see-saw wear-wore. 一 單元知識(shí)重點(diǎn)歸納A. 重點(diǎn)詞匯1.at least 至少 2.consist of 由。組成 3.stand for 代表 4.in a flash 一瞬間 5.a pair of 一雙6.in ancient times 在古代8.from.to 從。到。 9.help sb with sth 幫某人做某事 10.write down 寫(xiě)下 11.multiply .by. 乘以12.one of .中的其中一個(gè)13.long ago 很久以前 14.at most至多 15.international languages 國(guó)際語(yǔ)言 16.in tens 十進(jìn)制 17.in many different ways 用許多不同的方法B.解釋句子B. 解釋句子。1 Be careful! The car nearly hit you.Look out ! The car almost hit you.2. The Indians first invented the system of numbers.The indians made the system of numbers for the first time.3. Your calculation is accurate. Your calculation is without mistakes.4. The Peony( 牡丹) stands for China.The Peony represents China .5. She fell ill, however, she still went to work.She feel ill , but she still went to work .6. The text consists of 3 parts.The text is made up of 3 parts . The text includes 3 parts .7. In ancient times, people ate raw (adj. 生的) meat.Many , many years ago , people ate raw meat.8 What does that sign stand for?What does that sign represent?9 This book consists of 7 chapters.This book is made up of / includes 7 chapters.10 There are at least four hundred people.There are not less than four hundred people.11 He is 5 years old, however, he can look after himself.He is 5 years old, but he can look after himself.12 I often help my mother do housework.I often help my mother with housework. ( I often assist my mother to do housework.)C. 重要語(yǔ)法1.祈使句DO型：動(dòng)詞原形+其它！ Stand up! Get out!BE型：BE+名詞/形容詞+其它！ Be quick! Be quite!LET型：let sb do sth lets go there together. /Let us go there together. 2.否定祈使句DO型否定句：DONT +動(dòng)詞原形+其他！ Dont touch it! BE 型否定句：DONT +BE +名詞/形容詞+其它！Dont be so stupid!/Dont be careless!LET型否定句：let sb not do sth 讓某人不要做某事 Let him not watch TV/Lets not play computer game .NO.型否定句：No smoking! =Dont smoke. No parking=Dont park3祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句Lets do sth, shall we? Lets go out for a walk, shall we?Let us do sth, will you? Let us go out for a walk, will you?Do sth, will you? Buy some food on your way home, will you?Dont do sth,will you? Dont forget to mend the car,will you?4.祈使句的回答：Do sth!-Yes,I will Clean the room after room!Yes,I will /Ok,I will Dont do sth!-No,I wont Dont forget to mend the car,will you?-Sorry ,I wont /No,I wont5.祈使句的主要句型Do sth,and you will=If you do sth,you will doE.g.Work hard,and you will make great progress.=If you work hard,you will make great progress.Do sth,or you will=If you dont do sth,you will doE.g.Hurry up ,or you will be late for the school.=I f you dont hurry up,you will be late for the school.6.數(shù)字的加減乘除A加法：用 addand .或 plus/and 表示。同時(shí)，“等于”用is/equal表示。Add 3and 9. 三加九 How much 3plus 9?=How much is 3and 9? 回答：3 plus 9 is/equals 6.B.減法：“減”用subtract A from B(從B中減去A) 或B minus A(B減A). “等于”用is/equal表示。C.乘法：用multiply A by B （B乘以A）,B time A表示B乘以A. “等于”用is/equal表示D.除法：用“divid B by A” 或”.divided by.”, “等于”用is/equal表示7.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞A1-12的基數(shù)詞是單獨(dú)的，需要逐個(gè)記憶。1-One, 2-two,3- three ,4-four,5-five ,6-six,7 -seven ,8-eight,9- nine,10- ten,11- eleven,12- twelveB.13-19是個(gè)位數(shù)的測(cè)的詞干后加-TEEN構(gòu)成。Fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen注意變化的不規(guī)則的：Thirteen, fifteen,eighteen,C.基數(shù)20-90是在個(gè)位數(shù)詞后面加-TY構(gòu)成Sixty,seventy,ninety注意變化的不規(guī)則的：Twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eightyD21-99是在十位數(shù)詞后面加上個(gè)位數(shù)合成，中間加上連字符“”Twenty-one.ninety-nine,fifty-four,forty-six注意：在讀的時(shí)候，百位和十位之間用and,十位和個(gè)位則直接連讀；如果沒(méi)有十位，百位和個(gè)位也直接用and.(245 :two hundred and forty-five,509:five hundred and nine)序數(shù)詞：A 需要特殊記憶的序數(shù)詞1-First,2-second,3-third,5-fifth,8-eighth,9-ninth,12-twelfth,B. 其他序數(shù)詞在相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞之后加-TH構(gòu)成。Fourth ,sixth,seventh,thirteenth,.C.序數(shù)詞20-90變Y為I,加-ETH構(gòu)成。第20-twentieth,第30-thirtieth, 第40-fortieth,50-fiftieth, 第60-sixtieth, 第70-seventieth, 第80-eightieth, 第90-ninetiethD序數(shù)詞21-99,將各位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的序數(shù)詞第21 twenty-first 第22 twenty-second 第95 ninety-fifth 第73 seventy-third.E.數(shù)詞的用法a.小數(shù)的表達(dá)法：小數(shù)是以基數(shù)加小數(shù)點(diǎn)表示，小數(shù)點(diǎn)前面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞的規(guī)則讀，小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)按個(gè)位基數(shù)詞一次讀出。148.006 one hundred and forty-eight point zero six.b.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法：分?jǐn)?shù)的分子以基數(shù)詞表示，分母以序數(shù)詞表示，當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。1/2 a half 1/3 one/third 2/3 two thirds 1/4 one fourth=a quarterc.百分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法：百分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞或小數(shù)加百分號(hào)組成，百分號(hào)（%）讀作precent.d.月/日的表示法：in+year/month, on 具體的某一天,at 某個(gè)時(shí)刻。e.鐘點(diǎn)的表達(dá)法。整點(diǎn)鐘通常直接由基數(shù)詞表示：12：00 twelve oclock當(dāng)分鐘為小于等于30時(shí)，用half past 當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)大于30時(shí)，用“60分鐘減去實(shí)際的分鐘A得到B，再用B to 小時(shí)。f.編號(hào)的表達(dá)法：次數(shù)的表達(dá)：基數(shù)詞+times;一次 once，兩次 twice;房號(hào)的表達(dá)：ROOM+數(shù)字，年級(jí)班級(jí)的表達(dá)：Class 1,Grade4;頁(yè)數(shù)的表達(dá)：Page Two;課的表達(dá)：Lesson One,the First Lesson.g.數(shù)詞的關(guān)鍵考點(diǎn)：具體數(shù)字+hundred/thousand/million-Two thousand teachers;hundreds/thousands/millions of 可數(shù)名詞; hundreds/thousands/millions of books;another+數(shù)字=數(shù)字+more 另外；another two books,one more book.在。世紀(jì)。年代 ：在十七世紀(jì)二十年代：in the 1620s 或in the 1620s;a+序數(shù)詞表示“再一，又一”：He wants to try a second timeThe+序數(shù)詞 表示“第幾”This is the second time I have seen the film.Be the first to do sth:第一次做某事的人。The+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+。 第幾：He is the second tallest student in our class.短語(yǔ)表1. at least = not less than 至少 反義詞at most = not more than 最多2. consist of = be made up of; include 由組成3. help sb with sth 幫助某人某事help sb do sth =help sb to do sth 幫助某人做某事 （注意do 動(dòng)詞原形）4. stand for = represent 代表注意以下短語(yǔ)中“in”的用法5. in ancient times = many many years ago 在古代時(shí)期 注意times：時(shí)期，時(shí)代6. in many different ways 用許多不同的方式 介詞in：用7. count in tens 十以?xún)?nèi)計(jì)數(shù) in: 在以?xún)?nèi)；8. in figures 用數(shù)字 in words 用文字9. in a flash 一瞬間 Chapter 5 Beyond time and space I.