人教新目標(biāo)Go For It!（2012）初中英語九年級(jí)全冊(cè)Unit 1 How can we become good learners$%Section B教案(3).doc

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?Section B 1 (1a-2e)Step 1 DiscussionDo you have difficulty in learning English? What things are difficult for you?1a Learning English can be difficult. What things are difficult for you? Read the list. Check () the statements that are true for you. _ I cant pronounce some of the words._ I cant always understand spoken English._I dont know how to increase my reading speed._I cant spell some English words._I often make mistakes in grammar.注解: 1. Icantalways understandspokenEnglish.【解析】speak spokespokenv.說【注意】部分動(dòng)詞的過去分詞也可做該詞的形容詞：spoken口語的 broken壞掉的written寫作的2. Idontknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.【解析】“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語【注意】whattodo后不需要跟賓語 howtodo后必須跟賓語【拓展】“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)：know，tell,wonder,ask, findout,learn+what,which, when,where,how+動(dòng)詞不定式（todo）1b What other things are difficult for you? Make a list.1. I dont know enough words to write well.2._3._Step 2 Listening and speaking 1c Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the learning challenges he talks about.Challenges1. He cant get the _ right.2 He _ a lot of new words.3. He cant always _ when people talk to him.4. He doesnt get much _ practice. Answers: pronunciation, forgets, understand, writing1d Listen again. Complete the solutions.Answers: Listening, write the new words, join an English language club, pen pal1e Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d. A: I dont have a partner to practice English with.B: Maybe you should join an English club.注解: Maybeyoushouldjoin anEnglishclub.【解析】join/joinin/takepartin(1)join=beamemberof參加, 指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員。 jointhearmy/party入伍/黨 jointheclub加入俱樂部joinin后接活動(dòng)名稱 joinsb.加入到某個(gè)人群之中(2)takepartin參加，指加入群體活動(dòng)中并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮重要作用。Step 3 Discussion2a What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss them with your partner.Step 4 Reading 2b Read the passage quickly. Which four habits of successful learners are mentioned?2c Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1. Does the writer think that everyone is born with the ability to learn well? Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. Why is it a good idea to connect something you need to learn with something you are interested in? 3. What do the sayings use it or lose it and practice makes perfect mean? Do you agree with them?4. Do good learners learn from mistakes or are they afraid of making mistakes?5. What study skills does the writer talk about? Do you have those study skills?6. Do you agree that learning is a lifelong journey? Why or why not? Step 5 Language points 1. It is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 該句句型是It is adj. for sb. to do sth.【注】若形容詞表示事物特征的，如：easy, difficult,hard, important等，須用介詞for。Its+adj. (kind,honest,friendly) + (ofsb.)todosth.【注】若形容詞表示人的性格、品質(zhì)與特點(diǎn)，如：good, kind, nice,wrong等，用介詞of?！局锌兼溄印縄tsveryconvenient_ustobuytraintickets nowbecausewecanbuythemeitherfromthestationorontheInternet.(2012山東東營)A.to B.of C.by D.forAnswer: D 2. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. connect v. 意為“連接；與有聯(lián)系”當(dāng)表示把兩個(gè)物體（A和B）連接起來時(shí)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)是connect A to / with / and B，其中to表示把A接到B上，多用來指動(dòng)作而不指狀態(tài)。e.g. Connect the speaker to / with the record player, please. The subway connects the train station and / with the airport.3. Goodlearnersthinkabout whattheyaregoodat andwhattheyneedtopracticemore.【think相關(guān)短語】thinkabout想起，考慮thinkof想到，認(rèn)為thinkover仔細(xì)考慮thinkout考慮好thinkup想出來thinkthrough認(rèn)真地考慮4. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.eventhough=evenif即使, 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句【注】eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，不能與but連用?！局锌兼溄印縏hisdresswaslastyearsstyle. Ithinkit stilllooksperfect_ithasgoneoutthisyear. (2012青海)A.sothat B.asifC.eventhough D.eversinceAnswer: C5. , they are not afraid of making mistakes.(1) beafraidofsth/doingsth害怕做某事，擔(dān)心（出現(xiàn)某種不良后果）。(2) beafraidtodosth害怕去做, “怕”或“不敢”去做某事。(3) beafraid+that恐怕, 用于禮貌地表達(dá)可能令人不愉快的消息。(4)回答別人的提問時(shí)，可用省略形式Imafraidso (not)。6. They even ask each other and try to find out the answers.(1) tryon試穿(2)trytodosth.努力做某事，側(cè)重盡力做(3)trydoingsth.試圖做某事，側(cè)重嘗試做(4) tryonesbesttodosth.=doonesbesttodosth.盡某人最大努力做某事findout尋找，查明【拓展】find/lookfor/findout找(1) findv. 找到，強(qiáng)調(diào)找到的結(jié)果(2) lookfor尋找，強(qiáng)調(diào)找東西的過程(3)findout查明，找到，指經(jīng)過調(diào)查，詢問等弄清事實(shí)的真相7. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 1) 此句中whether or not you can do it well是個(gè)從句，用作整個(gè)句子的主語。這種從句叫作“主語從句”。又如： Whether you did it right or wrong isnt so important. Whats important is the experience you gained. 2) whether or not 是英語從句的一個(gè)連詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思和功能相當(dāng)于whether, 表示“是否”，常出現(xiàn)在賓語從句，主語從句中。使用時(shí)，也可把whether和or not分開，or not放到句尾。 例如: I cant tell whether or not the teacher likes me. 此句也可以寫成: I cant tell whether the teacher likes me or not.8. Knowledge comes from questioning. question在句子中作動(dòng)詞，是“質(zhì)疑；質(zhì)問；提問”的意思。例如： I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to question it. 當(dāng)question用作動(dòng)詞，表示對(duì)某人或事物進(jìn)行提問時(shí)，是一種十分正式的用法，有“提問；詢問；審問”的意思。例如： The police questioned him for three hours before letting him go.Step 6 Groupwork2e Do you think you are a good learner? What learning habits do you think are useful? Discuss with your group and share your ideas with the class. A: I think another way to become a successful learner is by trying to think about the same thing in different ways.B: I agree. I believe thatStep 7 ExerciseI. 寫出下列短語1. 注意，關(guān)注2. 把和聯(lián)系起來3. 天生具有4. 取決于5. 即使6. 害怕7. 犯錯(cuò)誤8. 向?qū)W習(xí)9. 熟能生巧II. 完成句子1. 好的學(xué)習(xí)者時(shí)常把他們需要學(xué)習(xí)的和有趣的東西聯(lián)系起來。 Goodlearnersoften_whattheyneed_somethinginteresting.2. 即使你學(xué)得一些東西好，但你如果不用它將會(huì)忘記。 _youlearnsomethingwell, youwillforgetit_youuseit.3.好的學(xué)習(xí)者也不害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。 Goodlearnersarealso_making_.Step 8 HomeworkWrite a sentence using each word in the box.brain n. connect v. overnight adv. attention n. review v. knowledge n. ability n. active adj. wisely adv. 司馬遷與班固司馬遷作史記，完成于漢武帝末年。班固作漢書，書未成而作者因與外戚竇憲的關(guān)系，死于獄中，事在漢和帝永元四年（公元92年）。一屬西漢，一屬東漢，相去公元元年各約90年。今日看來，這兩部書好像聯(lián)袂而出。其實(shí)它們間隔了大約180年，等于我們現(xiàn)在距離清嘉慶朝的時(shí)間。史記為私人著作，漢書則經(jīng)皇帝看過，有國史的色彩。司馬遷自稱“成一家之言”和“藏之名山”，已和班固作書的宗旨不同。況且史記是通史，漢書是斷代史。兩位史家的個(gè)性癖好不同，這也使他們?cè)谌〔男形闹g，有相當(dāng)?shù)某鋈?。在公元?0年和公元90年，中國的史家和思想家所處的社會(huì)環(huán)境已有大幅度的變化。其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵在于，漢武帝用董仲舒之建議，罷斥百家，獨(dú)尊儒術(shù)。我們?cè)谶@里要特別指出的是，董仲舒之尊儒，并不是以尊儒為目的，而是為了樹立一種統(tǒng)一帝國的正統(tǒng)思想，他坦白地承認(rèn)提倡學(xué)術(shù)，旨在支持當(dāng)時(shí)政權(quán)。武帝之置五經(jīng)博士、立學(xué)校之官、策賢良，都根據(jù)此宗旨著眼，從此中國龐大的文官集團(tuán)，有了他們施政的正統(tǒng)邏輯。司馬遷和董仲舒同時(shí)代，他讀書不受這種政策的影響。而到了班固生活的年代，“正規(guī)的”儒家思想已有一百多年的基礎(chǔ)。司馬遷和班固一樣，自稱是周公和孔子的信徒。可是今日我們一打開史記，隨意翻閱三五處，即可以體會(huì)到作者帶著一種浪漫主義和個(gè)人主義的作風(fēng)，爽快淋漓，不拘形跡，無腐儒氣息。他自稱“少負(fù)不羈之才，長無鄉(xiāng)曲之譽(yù)”，應(yīng)當(dāng)是一種真實(shí)的寫照。他所崇奉的“士為知己用，女為悅己容”也可以說是源于儒家道德，可是這立場就已經(jīng)和經(jīng)過正統(tǒng)限制的所謂儒家不同了。史記里寫荊軻和高漸離飲酒擊筑，又歌又泣，旁若無人，已近于董仲舒所說的“邪辟”。并且項(xiàng)羽是漢高祖劉邦的死對(duì)頭，而史記里的項(xiàng)羽本紀(jì)排列在高祖本紀(jì)之前（若在后代必稱“項(xiàng)酋”“偽楚”，而“本紀(jì)”只能降格為“載記”）。文中又把項(xiàng)羽寫成一個(gè)雖暴躁卻又渾憨可愛的角色，其英雄末路，令人憐惜。與之相較，劉邦反像一個(gè)偽君子。史記除了刺客列傳之外，還有滑稽列傳日者列傳和龜策列傳，可謂涉及九流三教，有呈現(xiàn)整個(gè)社會(huì)之剖面的樣子。班固書里雖有東方朔傳，卻不再縷列非正派或下流的文化資料。也因其如此，司馬遷就受到班固的指責(zé)。漢書里就有司馬遷傳，內(nèi)中批評(píng)他“又其是非頗繆于圣人，論大道則先黃老而后六經(jīng)，序游俠則退處士而進(jìn)奸雄，述貨殖則崇勢利而羞賤貧，此其所蔽也”。這些地方還不足以表現(xiàn)班固的正統(tǒng)思想，最使我們看出他的作品在歷史上是屬于“罷斥百家，獨(dú)尊儒術(shù)”之后的產(chǎn)物的，乃是漢書卷二十古今人表。這表里列有1931位古代名人，包括傳奇中的人物如女媧氏、有巢氏，論語中有名的孔門弟子，春秋中的國君等，至秦亡為止。由作者“顯善昭惡”的原則按上上至下下區(qū)分為三等九則。內(nèi)中得“上上圣人”者十四人，包括三皇五帝，以周公、孔子殿后。仲尼之外即再無圣人，孟子也只與顏淵、管仲同屬“上中仁人”。老子與商鞅、申子、墨翟、韓非都屬“中上”，與孫臏、白起一流。刺客荊軻則為“中中”，和孟嘗君、呂不韋同品。而“下下愚人”里既有蚩尤、共工、三苗，也有傾國傾城的褒姒和妲己。秦始皇雖焚書坑儒，班固只貶之為“中下”，因?yàn)樗旅孢€有二世胡亥列入“下中”，宦官趙高列入“下下”。因此，我們也可以推想出世俗觀念中儒家的拘泥，并不一定是孔子和他門徒的真性格。那些呆板多方面的樣子，還是后人所造，其目的在維持文官集團(tuán)的緊湊。總算還是中國讀書人的運(yùn)氣好，得有太史公司馬遷在蘭臺(tái)令班固之前寫作，否則沒有史記，徑由漢書開二十三史之端，中國史學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)，必更趨向“文以載道”的方針，更缺乏“百家殊方”的真實(shí)性和生動(dòng)活潑了。1. 關(guān)于史記和漢書的表述，下列理解符合原文意思的一項(xiàng)是A. 史記完成于漢武帝末年，漢書完成于漢和帝永元四年，一屬西漢，一屬東漢，成書年代相差約180年。B. 史記為私人著作，而漢書則經(jīng)皇帝看過，帶有國史的色彩，因此漢書在編修上要比史記更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和準(zhǔn)確。C. 司馬遷的“成一家之言”“藏之名山”的宗旨和班固作漢書的宗旨有很大不同，這就決定了史記是通史，漢書