九年級英語語法復(fù)習(xí).doc

九年級英語語法復(fù)習(xí)-從句一賓 語 從 句1定義：在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動詞賓語) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)2引導(dǎo)詞 （1）以that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語從句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.（2）以連接代詞which, what, who，how, where, why 等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句式的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序，無助動詞eg, Could you tell me whats the matter with u? I want to know how you come to school. （3）以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)一般疑問句或選擇疑問句式的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序 eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether well go on the picnic.引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或 not 連用時， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not?if當(dāng)如果講時,引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句， 這時不能用whether.eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .3時態(tài) 主句 從句一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)、一般將來時態(tài)時 任何時態(tài) 一般過去時態(tài) 和過去有關(guān)的時態(tài)客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時：一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)與鞏固( )1.The teacher asked the students _.A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted( )2.Could you tell me _ ?A.what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with youC. hats the matter with you D. whats the wrong with you .( )3.He asked me _ I could sing the song “My Heart will Go On.” A. if B. weather C.what D. that( )4.Our teacher told us that the moon _ round the earth. A. went B. turned C.go D. turns( )5. It makes no difference _. A.whether will you come tomorrow. B.Whether or not will be pass the exam C.If he will come to the meeting or not D.Whether he will come to the meeting or not( )6. They dont know _ their parents are. A.that B. what C. why D. which( )7. I am sure _ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who ( )8. The old man told us _ and _. A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do it C. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do ( )9.-Do you know when the World Cup _ next week?- Next Friday. When it _, I will ring you. A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins( )10.A:- Today or tomorrow? B:- What are you talking about? C:We are talking about _ to give a talk on WTO. A. how B. where C. when D. what( )11. I wonder _. A. where does he liveB. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives( )12. - Are you sure you have to ? Its been very late. - I dont know _ I can do it if not now. A. where B. why C. when D. how( )13. -Would you please tell me _? - In a small village near Ningbo. A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was born C. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born( )14. The photograph will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like( )15. - Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us? - I think theyll come if they _ free. A. will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be( )16. -Where does he come from ? - Pardon? - I asked where_. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from( )17. She wondered _. A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer( )18. -Do you know _? - Im not sure. Maybe he is a businessman. A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do 二狀 語 從 句 1.用法：狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句可以表示時間、條件、原因、地點、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、比較等意義。2.種類：各類狀語從句連接詞（短語）一覽表： 時間when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, beforeWhenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次來都帶個朋友。條件If, unless As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活著， 我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因As, because, sinceSince we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我們住在海邊，能享受到好的天氣。地點Where Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。目的So that, in order thatFinish this so that you can start another.把這個做完，你可以開始另一個。結(jié)果So that, sothat, suchthat He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他氣得說不出話了。讓步though, although, even if, howeverThough he is in poor health, he works hard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。方式As Students do as the teachers say.學(xué)生們按照老師說的去做。比較than, (not)asas, The work isnt as easy as I thought.這項工作比我想象得難。3.易混引導(dǎo)詞while, when, as的區(qū)別： when既可以指“時間點”,與瞬間動詞連用，也可以指“時間段”，與延續(xù)性動詞連用（=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示時間段,因此，while 從句的謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As與when用法相似，但著重強調(diào)主句動作與從句動作同時發(fā)生，有“隨著”或“一邊一邊”之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.隨著年齡的增長，你獲得的知識就越多。Because,as,since 的區(qū)別：Because 用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的問題，語氣最強；As 用于說明原因, 著重點在主句，常譯成“由于”；Since 表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實，常譯成“既然”。如：Water is very important _because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday _ his mother was ill.Ill do it for you _ you are busy.suchthat, sothat, so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別：such是形容詞，修飾名詞; so 是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that2) such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that 3) such +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that。如：This was such a good film/ so good a film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.注：在“形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little表示數(shù)量的多少時，名詞前用so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.練習(xí)與鞏固： 選擇合適的連接詞，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich. 2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the music.3.-Is David at school today? -No. He is at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6. _ she doesnt come on Sunday, Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years _I had left that small village.8. _the air moves, it is called wind.9.We will go to the park _it doesnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _much work. 11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you have a swimming pool? -No, we dont. At least, not _big _yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished it.16.It is raining hard, _we have to stay at home.17. _you work harder, youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after te children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.That is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it. 三定 語 從 句（一）定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句所修飾的詞 叫先行詞。 定語從句放在先行詞后面。（二）引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞：有關(guān)系代詞that、which、who、 which、 whose和關(guān)系副詞where 、when，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞是引導(dǎo)詞， 在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某一成份。（三）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的作用： 1.先行詞指物時， 關(guān)系代詞用that 或which（在句中作主語或賓語）。 如：China is a country which / that has a large population. 2.先行詞指人時， 關(guān)系代詞用（who/that）作主語或賓語，whom (作賓語)，whose (作定語)， 如：This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.I like the girl whose mother is an actor.注意：下列情況下關(guān)系代詞只用that 而不用which 或 who。先行詞是指物的不代詞，如：all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等時。 如：I didnt understand the words all that he said.先行詞由最高級、序數(shù)詞以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修飾。如：This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .行詞既包括人，也包括物。如：They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.當(dāng)主句是以which 或who 開頭的特殊疑問句時。如：who is the man that opened up the lab.練習(xí)與鞏固（ ）1.Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose（ ）2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard. A. which B. that C. where D. what（ ）3. Have you seen the man _ plan we were talking about _ yesterday ? A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them （ ）4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far. A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D. that has not been（ ）5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who D. which（ ）6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which（ ）7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who（ ）8. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which（ ）9. The girl _ is reading under the tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was（ ）10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which（ ）11.He is a friend _ can help you in time of need.A. who he B. whose C. / D. who（ ）12.The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said. A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that（ ）13.This is the only one of these books that _worth reading.Ahas B. have C. is D. are （ ）14.The man _ talked to you just now is my father. A. who B. he C. which D. whose.（ ）15.They thought too much about _.A. which I had said B. what I had said C. that I had said D. I had said四.表語從句 1.定義：表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當(dāng)，和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。 2.位置：表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動詞只能是聯(lián)系動詞。 名詞性從句在be等系動詞后作表語時被稱為表語從句， 例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。(how 在表語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語)/ What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告訴他的是我會給他找個好劇本。(what在主語從句中作直接賓語， that作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分， 不能省略)/That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。(what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語)That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語從句充當(dāng)原因狀語) “That is why.”是常用句型， 意為“這就是的原因/因此”， 其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語， 該句型通常用于針對前面已經(jīng)說明過的原因進行總結(jié) 下面是兩個與“That is why.”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，(1)“That is why.”與“That is the reason why.”同義，但從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上講， “That is the reason why.”中why引導(dǎo)的是個定語從句， 將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣， 例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 這就是我不能同意的理由。 (2)“That is because.”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語，意為“這就是為什么/因為”。“That is because.”與“That is why.”之間的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由， “That is why.”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果， 例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他沒有去看電影， 那是因為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業(yè)。(第一句話說明結(jié)果， 第二句話說明原因) 練習(xí)1.The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that 2.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how 3. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 4._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 5._ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because 6. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 定語從句D D.C。A B。1-5 CDCBA 6-10 BDBCA賓語從句后1-5 DCDCB 6-10 BBBBA狀語從句because as since Keys: 1.though 2.while 3.because 4.until 5. so that 6.Even if 7.since 8.when 9.if 10.Such, do 11.but 12.where 13.before 14.as(so), as15.after 16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so, that 20.such, that答案D B A A B A綜 合 練 習(xí)一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Please make _for my bike.(room)2.The beautiful scenery of Qingdao _a large number of people to visit every year.(attract)3.Our room is on the eleventh floor. What about _? (you)4.Summer is the _ season of the year. (hot)5.We must _our classroom clean and tidy every day.(keep)6. _of Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympic.(thousand)7.The book is rather interesting. Its _reading again.（worth）8.Thank you for _me your dictionary. Ill return it to you soon.(lend)9.Hard work brings _.(successful)10.We should do something to stop waste water from _rivers and seas.（pollute）11.The old man put on his sweater and _out alone.(go)12.One of the _comes from South Africa.（science）13.I think I can do _in French this year than last year. （well）14.After three _study, we worked out the physics problem.（month）15. I went upstairs and _at the door. (knock)16.The children are playing _in the park. (happy)17.Her brother enjoys _very much. (surf)18.I have _a seat on the plane, but the flight was canceled.(book)19.She lay_for hours thinking over her business.(wake)20.Please turn to another _. I dont like this show. (channel)21.“Help! Help! I _!”the little boy cried in the river.(dead)22.There is a big difference between you and _.(I)23.He often _speaking English with foreigners.(practice)24.We have some problems_there.(get)25.Katy thinks _in town is more exciting than in the country.(live)26.I heard her _when I walked past her room.(sing)27.Telll me the _number, dont use “about”or “or so”.(exactly)28.We lived in a place _Gum Tree. (call)29.My daughter says hes feeling even_today.(ill)30.The weather gets warmer, and the days get _. (long)31.In which country is the weather most like _?(China)32.-Jim, have you written a letter to your aunt? -Yes, Mum. I _ one last week.(write)33.Look at the sign:“No _!”. I am afraid you cant smoke here.(smoke)34.Dont keep me _for a long time.(wait)35.The police have caught the thief who matches the mans _.(describe)36.Help _to some fish, children.(you)37.Youd better go to see the doctor and have your bad teeth_out. (pull)38.Bad luck!I had my purse_.(steal)39.The cars made in America are much cheaper than _in Germany.(that)40.John became a doctor after he _up.(grow)41.The match _in the league last month was wonderful.(hold)42.I am sure that our team will _theirs.(beat)43.Both of the two rulers are_. I want to buy a third one.(break)44.-This digital camera is really cheap! -The cheaper, the _. I am short of money , you see.(good)45.How long has your mother _here?(be)46.All the students are busy_ ready for the coming exam.(get)47.The children looked _.(happy)48. How _you are living in Qingdao! (luck)49.When we arrived here, all the apples had _up.(eat)50.Talk about your plan and how to make it _.(work)51.I can see_ in the picture.(baby)52. It has developed a lot because So many_ cities are around it.(satellite)53.She stopped _and listened to her mother.(cry)54.I like _the dolphin swim and jump.(watch)55.Be _to others and they will be the same to you.(friend)56.”Nut” _”jianguo”.(mean)57.They often do some _in the morning.(clean)58.-The fridge in the middle is very nice. -I think so, but it _too much.(cost)59.What a poor boy, he was _ in the forest.(lose)60.-Dont touch the papers. -Certainly, Ill not _the papers be touched.(let)61.He felt very sorry when he realized what a terrible mistake he _.(make)62.I prefer _(swim) to _(run).63.There are a lot _apples in this basket than in that one.(many)64.Florence took lessons in music and drawing, and read _.(wide)65. _the button and you can get what you want.(press)66.He was not the only _in this terrorist attacks.(victim)67.Teachers _our exam papers already.(score)68.The police have caught then thief who _our description.(match)69.They _me as their family member.(regard)70.After he graduated from middle school, he _his education.(continue)71.I couldnt hear what he said. Ask him to speak more _, please.(clear)72.I _ him to a game of tennis and at last he won.(challenge)73.Many doctors are _to the village.(send)74.The flood _the old bridge away last night.(wash)75.How many _fossils can you see in the museum?(dinosaur)76.Lessons learned easily are soon _.(forget)77.The _boy hid behind the door.(frighten)78.The first part of the 20th century _more great inventions.(see)79.The past has_with the wind.(go)8