學(xué)人教版必修五Unit 2The United KingdomPeriod4Grammar——過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語學(xué)案（6頁）.doc

2018學(xué)年度人教版必修五unit 2the united kingdomperiod4grammar過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語學(xué)案 思維導(dǎo)圖作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般來自及物動詞，表示被動和完成意義，說明賓語所處的狀態(tài)。一般跟它前面的賓語在邏輯上構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，表示被動，其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為：主語謂語動詞賓語過去分詞。一、常見的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況1.感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。when i came in，i saw a strange girl seated in the corner.我進(jìn)去時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生的女孩坐在角落里。even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.甚至最好的作家有時(shí)候也會表達(dá)不出來。the next morning people noticed the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們房子外面的世界全變了樣。2.使役動詞have/get和make后，用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。(1)“have/get賓語過去分詞”可以表示兩種含義：“讓別人做某事”或“遭遇到某種不幸”。she had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.在飛機(jī)起飛前一個(gè)小時(shí)對她的行李進(jìn)行了安檢。before driving into the city，you are required to get your car washed.在開車進(jìn)城之前，你必須將你的車洗了。my elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上個(gè)月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。(2)在“make賓語過去分詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)果。he walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself noticed.他靜靜地走進(jìn)房間，以免引起別人的注意。3.狀態(tài)類動詞keep，leave等后面，用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。he put up a picture of ma yun beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.他把馬云的圖片張貼在床邊是為了提醒自己不忘自己的夢想。dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.不要讓窗戶一直像這樣破著。4.表示“意愿；命令”的動詞，如like，want，wish，order等可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，相當(dāng)于過去分詞前省略了to be。the manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.經(jīng)理要求在本周末完成這項(xiàng)工作。the boss wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老板不想現(xiàn)在討論這個(gè)問題。5.過去分詞用在“with賓語賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。with many flowers planted around the building，his house looks like a beautiful garden.房子四周種了許多鮮花，他的家看起來像是一個(gè)美麗的花園。the outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow.白雪覆蓋著大地，屋外景色迷人。二、過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞/不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別1.感官動詞后接復(fù)合賓語的比較感官動詞(短語)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以see為例)：意義說明see賓語done看到被表示被動、完成或無時(shí)間性see賓語doing看到正在做表示主動、進(jìn)行see賓語do看到做了表示主動、動作已完成i saw him taken away by two men.我看到他被倆人帶走了。(被動，完成)i saw him walk into the building.我看到他走進(jìn)了大樓。(主動，完成)i saw him walking toward the building.我看到他朝著大樓走去。(主動，進(jìn)行)2.使役動詞make，have，get，keep等后加復(fù)合賓語的比較(1)make賓語done/do意義說明make賓語done讓被表示被動make賓語do讓做表示主動he made his workers work 12 hours a day.他讓他的工人們每天工作12個(gè)小時(shí)。he spoke slowly to make himself understood.他講話很慢以使自己被理解。(2)have賓語done/doing/do意義說明have賓語done使被表示被動、完成或無時(shí)間性have賓語doing使一直做表示主動、進(jìn)行have賓語do使做表示主動、將來he had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。he had us laughing all through the meal.整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個(gè)不停。mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。(3)get賓語done/doing/to do意義說明get賓語done使被表示被動、完成或無時(shí)間性get賓語doing使開始做表示主動、進(jìn)行g(shù)et賓語to do使做表示主動、將來we are going to get the wall painted before the spring festival.我們打算春節(jié)前把墻粉刷一下。he managed to get the machine starting.他設(shè)法讓機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來。he got me to post the letter for him.他讓我替他寄信。(4)keep賓語done/doing意義說明keep賓語done使被表示被動、完成keep賓語doing使一直做表示主動、進(jìn)行they kept the door locked for a long time.他們讓門一直鎖了很長時(shí)間。the employer kept them working all day.那位雇主讓他們整天干活。3.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中補(bǔ)足語的比較withthe old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.這對老年夫婦晚飯后經(jīng)常在公園里散步，他們的狗跟著他們。john received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。with a lot of work to do，she wasnt allowed to leave her office.由于有許多工作要做，不允許她離開辦公室。.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.ill get your material typed(type)in the library upstairs.2.with all his lessons prepared (prepare)，peter went to bed，relaxed.3.to their great fear，they found themselves_caught(catch) in the heaviest snowfall they had ever had.4.hes a good watch repairer and can get the clock going (go) again.5.he tried in vain to make himself understood (understand)in chinese，because most of them came from europe.6.television keeps us informed(inform)of the latest news and also provides entertainment at home.7.you were here just now.did you notice anyone enter (enter) the house?8.jimmy has had his bike repaired,_and he is going to have somebody repair his radio tomorrow.(repair) 9.with much homework to_finish (finish)，i am not allowed to go out.10.as soon as the teacher entered the classroom，he found several students talking (talk) aloud.完成句子1.all the parents feel very happy _to_see_their_children_looked_after(看到他們的孩子被照顧) well in the nursery.2.with_all_the_work_done (所有的工作都做完了)，i feel very relaxed now.3.i promise you that ill get_the_new_plan_passed (讓這個(gè)新計(jì)劃通過) at the meeting to be held next week.4.the girl answered the question in such a l