詞匯--看12篇閱讀記單詞.doc

2011考研英語特訓(xùn)：看閱讀記單詞(一)編輯點(diǎn)評：考研英語素來有句話得閱讀者得天下。閱讀是考研英語中的重頭戲，幾乎占到試卷總分的一半。閱讀題的詞匯量大，題目多，是英語考試失分的重災(zāi)區(qū)。趁著國慶長假，滬江考研帶著大家“看閱讀記單詞”！原文A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide - the division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the Internet of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments afraid their countries will be left behind want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that weve ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isnt the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. And that is why Americas Second Wave infrastructure - including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on - was built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britains former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off youre going to be. That doesnt mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.譯文今天，人們十分關(guān)注所謂的數(shù)字分化問題世界分成信息富有和信息貧困兩部分。當(dāng)今這種分化確實(shí)存在，我和妻子20年前就曾談到這一迫近的危險(xiǎn)。然而，當(dāng)時(shí)還不太明顯的是存在著一些新的積極因素來抵制數(shù)字分化。我們完全有理由感到樂觀。一些技術(shù)上的因素使我們有理由期望分化會(huì)縮小。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日趨商業(yè)化，網(wǎng)上交易變得普及畢竟，上網(wǎng)人數(shù)越來越多，潛在客戶就越多。越來越多的政府唯恐自己的國家落后，紛紛推廣互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接人。在一、二十年之內(nèi)，全球?qū)⒂幸弧⒍畠|人互聯(lián)。因此，我認(rèn)為在未來的數(shù)年中，數(shù)字分化將縮小而不會(huì)變大。這是好消息，因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)很可能成為與我們所面臨的貧困做斗爭的最有力的工具。當(dāng)然，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的使用不是消除貧困的唯一方法?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)也不是我們所擁有的唯一工具，但它擁有巨大潛力。想要利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，一些貧困國家就必須克服對國外投資所持有的那種過時(shí)的、反殖民的種種偏見。那些認(rèn)為國外投資是對本國主權(quán)侵犯的國家最好還是好好研究一下美國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的歷史。當(dāng)初美國建立自己的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施時(shí)，缺乏必要資金，因此美國的第二波基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施浪潮包括公路、海港、高速公路、碼頭等等都是用國外資金建造的。英國人、德國人、荷蘭人和法國人都在前英國殖民地投資。他們提供資金，美國移民者來建造。想想看，誰擁有這一切？是美國人。我想，就這一點(diǎn)來說，巴西或其他任何地方同樣也該這樣。在建設(shè)第三波基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的浪潮(今天主要指電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)中，擁有的國外資金越多，那么情況將會(huì)越好。這并不是要卑躬屈膝、認(rèn)人愚弄，也不是對國外公司不加控制，而是意味著你已認(rèn)識(shí)到國外公司對本國能源及通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的重要性，而這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施則需要充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。記單詞access n. 進(jìn)口，人口；取得的方法派生：accessible a. 易接近的，可到達(dá)的 accession n. 就職例句：The only access to their house is along that narrow road. 只有沿著那條狹窄的路走才能到達(dá)他們的房子。詞組：access to 接近；have/gain access to 可以獲得；easy of access 易于接近anti-colonial a. 反殖民的commercialize v. 使商業(yè)化，使商品化派生：commerce n. 商業(yè)，商務(wù)，貿(mào)易 commercialism n. 商業(yè)主義 commercial a. 商業(yè)的，盈利的，商品化的例句：Love matters should not be commercialized. 不應(yīng)該把戀愛商品化。combat n. 戰(zhàn)斗，斗爭 v. 與戰(zhàn)斗例句：The troop has much experience of actual combat. 這支部隊(duì)有實(shí)際作戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。辨析：war；battle；combatwar 指全面戰(zhàn)爭；battle 指局部戰(zhàn)爭；combat 指比battle 規(guī)模小的戰(zhàn)斗。corporation n. 公司；法人派生：corporate a. 團(tuán)體的；社團(tuán)的，全體的例句：It grew from a tiny start-up to a multimillion-dollar corporation. 那家公司從小小的新公司發(fā)展成數(shù)百萬美元的大公司。decade n. 十年例句：This should be the aim over the next decade, it is crucial to our survival. 這應(yīng)該成為今后十年的奮斗目標(biāo)，它關(guān)系到我們的生死存亡。defeat v. 戰(zhàn)勝；打敗例句：Our school defeated another school at football. 在足球比賽中我們學(xué)校戰(zhàn)勝了另一個(gè)學(xué)校。divide v. 分，分割；分配，分享派生：division n. 分割，除法例句：Fire-break divided them at conveniently spaced intervals. 防火帶把他們的距離適當(dāng)分開了。詞組：divideinto 分，劃分、除，除盡；divide among/between 在之中分配；divide sth. with sb. 與某人分享某物；divide by 除以辨析：separate, divideseparate 指把原來連接在一起的或者靠近的東西分割開來；divide 是指把整體分成若干份。enormous a. 巨大的，龐大的，極大的派生：enormously ad. 巨大地，極大地例句：An enormous gap remains between the advanced countries and the developing countries. 在先進(jìn)國家和發(fā)展中國家之間仍然存在著巨大的差距。辨析：enormous, hugeenormous 巨大的，較huge 正式，暗示超出尋常體積或程度，超大；huge 巨大的，兩詞都著重大小，數(shù)量之極多，體積之巨大。finance n. 財(cái)政；金融 v. 為籌集資金，供以經(jīng)費(fèi)派生：financial a. 財(cái)政的，金融的例句：She is an expert in finance. 她是一位金融專家。The government will finance the new building with the taxes it collected. 政府將用征繳的稅收為新建筑籌集資金。impoverish v. 使困難；使貧瘠，惡化派生：impoverishment n. 貧困例句：Our lives would have been greatly impoverished if we had not got this job. 如果我們沒有這份工作，我們的生活會(huì)很貧困。infrastructure n. 基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)；基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施例句：Vast sums are needed to keep the infrastructure. 保養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施需要大量資金。invasion n. 侵略，侵犯派生：invade v. 侵略，入侵 invader n. 侵略者例句：The navy is our principal bulwark against invasion. 海軍是我們抵御侵略者的重要保障。investment n. 投資，投資額派生：invest v. 投資，投入 investor n. 投資者例句：He made an investment of $ 10,000 in the supermarket. 她在這個(gè)超市投資了1萬美元。loom v. 隱約出現(xiàn)；逼近例句：A figure loomed out of the forest. 一個(gè)影子隱約在森林出現(xiàn)。詞組：loom large 赫然聳現(xiàn)；顯得嚴(yán)重potential a. 潛在的；有可能的 n. 潛力例句：For years, scientists have debated the potential impact of oil spills. 多少年來，科學(xué)家們就一直在探討石油溢漏可能造成的影響。詞組：be potential for 對有潛力，有可能prejudice n. 成見，偏見例句：We should cast away all prejudices to deal with this problem. 我們應(yīng)該拋棄所有偏見來處理這個(gè)問題。詞組：have a prejudice against 對有偏見sovereignty n. 最高統(tǒng)治權(quán)；主權(quán)例句：Chinas sovereignty and territorial integrity must not be infringed. 中國的主權(quán)與領(lǐng)土完整不容侵犯。spread v. 張開；擴(kuò)展，散開 n. 傳播，蔓延例句：He spread some apple jam on the bread. 他在面包上涂上蘋果醬。The spread of the scientific knowledge is necessary. 科普知識(shí)的傳播是很必要的。詞組：spread sth. with sth. 把某物鋪在某物上；spread over 延展，延神telecom n. 電信（全稱 telecommunication）universalize v. 使普遍化派生：universal a. 全體的，與全體有關(guān)的；普遍的 universally ad. 全體地，普遍地 universalization n. 一般化，普遍化原文Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascination. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesnt help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypts leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkeys bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You dont need a dam to be saved.譯文在重大技術(shù)所創(chuàng)造的東西中，很少有能像大型水壩這樣能體現(xiàn)人的想象力的?；蛟S是因?yàn)槿祟愰L期遭受洪澇和干旱的襲擊，使得人類制服洪水的愿望更加令人興奮不已。但是令人著迷，有時(shí)也會(huì)使人盲目。有些巨型大壩的項(xiàng)目就有著弊大于利的危險(xiǎn)。建造大壩的教訓(xùn)是：大的并不一定總是美的。但是這無法阻止想要修建高大雄偉的大壩來顯示那些力爭得到自我肯定的國家和人民當(dāng)作偉大成就的象征。埃及在阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位由建造阿斯旺大壩而鞏固。土耳其為了力爭成為世界一流的國家，也包括修建了巨大的阿塔特克大壩。但是大壩并沒有如預(yù)期的那樣發(fā)揮作用。例如阿斯旺大壩，它阻止了尼羅河洪水的泛濫，但也使得埃及失去了洪水離去后所留下的肥沃土壤換回來的是一個(gè)疾病滋生的大水庫?，F(xiàn)在整個(gè)水庫填滿了淤泥，幾乎不能發(fā)電。然而控制水的不切實(shí)際的想法仍在繼續(xù)。本周，在文明的歐洲中心，斯洛伐克人和匈牙利人為了多瑙河上的一處水壩引發(fā)爭端，幾乎差點(diǎn)動(dòng)用了軍隊(duì)。這個(gè)大型的工程可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)所有大壩上的常見問題。但斯洛伐克正在力圖從捷克脫離而獨(dú)立，現(xiàn)在它需要建一個(gè)大壩來證明自己的實(shí)力。與此同時(shí)，在印度，世界銀行已經(jīng)貸款來建造問題繁多的納爾黙達(dá)大壩。盡管世界銀行的顧問指出，該大壩將給百姓帶來苦難，并且也會(huì)破壞周邊的環(huán)境，但銀行已經(jīng)這樣實(shí)行了。這些利益歸有權(quán)勢者所有，但是這種利益也是沒有保障的。對于水壩的影響以及水壩治水的成本和收益進(jìn)行正確而科學(xué)的研究，能夠有效地解決這些沖突。即使不興建大型水壩，水利發(fā)電、治理洪水以及灌溉也是可能的，不一定非得建大壩。但是當(dāng)你面對那些不切實(shí)際的神話時(shí)，你就很難做到合理和科學(xué)了?，F(xiàn)在該是世界吸取阿斯旺大壩教訓(xùn)的時(shí)候了。我們未必非要通過大壩來拯救自己。記單詞assert vt. 主張，堅(jiān)稱，斷言例句：You must assert yourself or they will continue to bully you. 你必須維護(hù)自己的權(quán)利，否則他們還會(huì)欺負(fù)你。詞組：assert oneself 堅(jiān)持自己的權(quán)利； 表現(xiàn)自己的權(quán)威同義詞：affirm、declare、insist on、pronounce、stateadvisor n. 顧問，勸告者，指導(dǎo)教師例句：His amiability condemns him to being a constant advisor to other peoples troubles. 他那和藹可親的性格使他成為經(jīng)常為他人排憂解難的開導(dǎo)者。bidding n. 命令，邀請，出價(jià)例句：He was bidding for popular support. 他在設(shè)法爭取大眾的支持。詞組：at ones bidding/ at sb.s bidding 依囑，遵命 do ones bidding/ do sb.s bidding 照的命令做，照的話辦barely ad. 幾乎不例句：He has barely enough money to live on. 他的錢僅夠勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。詞組：barely enough 勉強(qiáng)夠 be barely of age 剛成年 a barely furnished room 陳設(shè)簡陋的房間同義詞：hardly、just、scarcelycapture n. 抓取，戰(zhàn)利品，捕獲之物 vt. 抓取，獲得，迷住例句：They would offer a bounty of $100,000 for the capture of the murderer. 他們愿出十萬元賞金捉拿兇手。同義詞：apprehend、arrest、imprison、seize反義詞：releasecivilized a. 文明的，有禮的例句：His new theory has caused a sensation throughout the civilized world. 他的新理論轟動(dòng)了整個(gè)文明世界。反義詞：barbarous、uncivilized、wilddam n. 水壩，障礙 vt. 控制，筑壩 vi. 控制，筑壩例句：The mouth of the river is dammed and a freshwater lake created behind the dam. 河口筑起了攔河壩，壩后便形成了淡水湖。詞組：devils dam 鬼婆娘（罵婦女的話）deprived a. 窮困的，喪失了受良好教育權(quán)利的，貧窮的例句：These misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason. 這些不幸的事情幾乎使他失去理智。詞組：deprived children 失學(xué)的孩子們drought n. 干旱，缺乏例句：Soon afterward drought set in. 不久之后又發(fā)生了干早。反義詞：wetenvironmental a. 周圍的，環(huán)境的派生：environment n. 周圍環(huán)境 environmentalist n. 環(huán)境保護(hù)者例句：Living creatures must be adaptable to environmental change. 生物必須能適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化。詞組：an environmental factor 環(huán)境的因素fascination n. 令人著迷的事物，入迷，魅力例句：Old churches have a certain strange fascination for me. 舊教堂對我具有某種奇特的魅力。guarantee n. 擔(dān)保，抵押品，保證書 vt. 保證，擔(dān)保例句：Blue skies are not always a guarantee of fine weather. 蔚蘭的天空并不永遠(yuǎn)保證晴朗的天氣。詞組：stand guarantee for. 替擔(dān)任保證人同義詞：assure、back、certify、endorse、pledge、promise、secure、sponsor、stand for、swear、underwrite、warrant反義詞：guarantorhydroelectric a. 水力電氣的詞組：a hydroelectric power station 水力發(fā)電站imagination n. 想像，聽覺，想像力例句：Dragons are creatures of Chinese fancy. 龍是中國人幻想出來的動(dòng)物。詞組：beyond(all) imagination （完全）出乎意料地 draw on (ones) imagination 杜撰，編造irrigation n. 灌溉，沖洗例句：Public irrigation is the heart of cotton farming. 公共水利設(shè)施是棉花生產(chǎn)的命脈。詞組：an irrigation channel (canal) 灌溉渠 bring the farmland under irrigation使農(nóng)田水利化myth n. 神話，虛構(gòu)的事，虛構(gòu)的人例句：He was a myth that had been created out of desperation and poverty and despair. 他是從絕境、貧困和失望中創(chuàng)造出來的一個(gè)神話般的人物。meanwhile n. 其時(shí)，其間 ad. 同時(shí)，于此時(shí)例句：Meanwhile, two other actors had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees. 與此同時(shí)，另外兩位演員把兩個(gè)盛著食物的大籃子拿到樹下蔭涼的地方。symbol n. 符號，象征，代號，信條例句：The private car was still a cherished status symbol. 私人小汽車仍然是一種地位高貴的標(biāo)志。詞組：a chemical symbol 化學(xué)符號status n. 狀態(tài)，情形，地位，要人身份例句：We celebrate our regained status as a sovereign and independent nation. 我們?yōu)橹匦氯〉昧酥鳈?quán)和獨(dú)立國家的地位而歡欣鼓舞。詞組：the status of affairs 事態(tài)，形勢 class status 階級成分 a status seeker 想往上爬的人同義詞：class condition division grade position rank standing state stationsilt n. 淤泥 vt. 使淤塞 vi. 淤塞例句：The cadres were digging up river silt with the commune members. 干部同社員們一起在挖河泥。詞組：silt content/ the total volume of silt淤泥含量scientific a. 科學(xué)的，系統(tǒng)的，符合科學(xué)規(guī)律的例句：Scientific statistical figures are from Beijing scientific resources check 2000. 科學(xué)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字為2000年北京市科技資源清查數(shù)字。詞組：scientific experiment 科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn) scientific point of view 科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)反義詞：unscientifictroop n. 軍隊(duì)，裝甲部隊(duì)，騎兵隊(duì)，部隊(duì) vi. 群集，結(jié)隊(duì)，成群而行例句：There were troops of friends to see him off. 有很多友人為他送行。詞組：get ones troop 升任騎兵連長 household troops 王室禁衛(wèi)軍同義詞：band、body、bunch、company、crew、crowd、gang、group、mob、party、unit原文Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didnt they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets。How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything. He was just wondering. His mind was ready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you dont have unpredictable things, you dont have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writing their cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it。In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the scientific method a substitute for imaginative thought. Ive attended research conferences where a scientist has been asked what he thinks about the advisability of continuing a certain experiment. The scientist has frowned, looked at the graphs, and said, The data are still inconclusive。 We know that, the men from the budget office have said, but what do you think? Is it worthwhile going on? What do you think we might expect? The scientist has been shocked at having even been asked to speculate.What this amounts to, of course, is that the scientist has become the victim of his own writings. He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but also has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.譯文在實(shí)踐中，科學(xué)與其說是依靠事先準(zhǔn)備的試驗(yàn)還不如說是依靠觀察實(shí)驗(yàn)者的有準(zhǔn)備的頭腦。據(jù)稱艾薩克牛頓爵士通過蘋果落地，發(fā)現(xiàn)了萬有引力。多少個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，蘋果一直在許多地方落下，成千上萬的人看見它落地。但多年來牛頓一直對月球和行星繞軌道運(yùn)行的起因感到好奇。是什么使它們各就其位？它們?yōu)槭裁床粡奶焐系粝聛恚刻O果朝地下掉落而不是往樹上飛這一事實(shí)，回答了牛頓長期以來對月球和行星那些較大的天上果實(shí)所存的疑問。有多少人會(huì)考慮過蘋果向上飛到樹上的可能性？牛頓考慮過，因?yàn)樗幌雽θ魏问虑檫M(jìn)行預(yù)測。他只是在不斷思考。他的思想對不可預(yù)測的事情有所準(zhǔn)備。不可預(yù)測性是研究的本質(zhì)不可缺少的一部分。如果沒有不可預(yù)測的事物，就沒有研究?？茖W(xué)家們在撰寫千篇一律、枯燥乏味的論文供專業(yè)期刊發(fā)表時(shí)往往忘記這一點(diǎn)，而歷史上這樣的例子比比皆是。在和一些科學(xué)家，特別是較為年輕的科學(xué)家們交談時(shí)，也許會(huì)得出這樣一種印象，即他們認(rèn)為“科學(xué)方法”，可以取代想象思維。我參加過不少研討會(huì)，會(huì)上某一位科學(xué)家總被問到，他對繼續(xù)進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的合理性有何想法。那位科學(xué)家皺皺眉頭，看看圖表，然后說“數(shù)據(jù)仍不夠充分”。“這點(diǎn)我們知道，”預(yù)算辦公室人員說，“但你的意見如何？還值得往下做嗎？”“你認(rèn)為我們的結(jié)果可能會(huì)如何？”那位科學(xué)家大為震驚，他沒有料到別人會(huì)讓他預(yù)測。當(dāng)然這些就等于說，那位科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成為自己論文的犧牲品，他所提出的種種斷語不容置疑，以致他不僅自以為是，而且使工商管理人員深信無疑。如果試驗(yàn)完全按照科學(xué)期刊報(bào)告中陳述的那樣，照計(jì)劃不折不扣地去設(shè)計(jì)完成，那么，管理人員就認(rèn)為，研究的結(jié)果可以美元，美分計(jì)，這完全符合邏輯。審計(jì)人員也完全有理由相信，確切知道自己的目標(biāo)并知道如何使其實(shí)現(xiàn)的科學(xué)家們根本沒必要三心二意，一直眼睛盯著現(xiàn)金記錄卡，另一只眼睛則盯著顯微鏡。如果像科學(xué)家寫論文所反映的那樣，渴求規(guī)律性和與某種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式的一致性，那么管理人員歧視研究人員中的“標(biāo)新立異者”而贊賞“善于合作者”即思想上也較為循規(guī)蹈矩的人，也是無可指責(zé)的。blame v. 譴責(zé)，責(zé)備；歸咎 n. 責(zé)任，過失例句：I dont blame you for the failure of the exam. 我不因?yàn)榭荚嚨氖《?zé)怪你。詞組：blame sth on 把某事歸咎于；blame sb. for sth. 因某事責(zé)備某人；in blame of 責(zé)備budget n. 預(yù)算例句：Most of our defense budget goes for conventional forces and manpower. 我們大部分的國防預(yù)算是用在常規(guī)力量和人員上面。conference n. 會(huì)議，協(xié)商會(huì)，討論會(huì)例句：After the interview they held a press conference together. 會(huì)談后，他們共同舉行了記者招待會(huì)。詞組：in conference 正在開會(huì)討論；have a conference with 和協(xié)商conformity n. 符合，依照(法規(guī)，習(xí)俗等)派生：conform v. 遵守，依照，符合，順應(yīng)(與to 連用)例句：We should act in conformity with rules and laws. 我們應(yīng)該依照規(guī)定和法律辦事。詞組：in conformity with sth. 與某事物相一致conventional a. 按慣例辦事的，守舊的；傳統(tǒng)的派生：convention n. 慣例，習(xí)俗；大會(huì)，會(huì)議例句：After a few conventional remarks, he made a brilliant speech. 講了幾句套話后，他做了一個(gè)非常精彩的演講。convince v. 使某人確信，使某人明白派生：convinced a. 被說服的 convincing a. 令人信服的例句：What he said convinced me of the truth. 他所說的話使我相信了這個(gè)事實(shí)。詞組：convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事提示：convince 只能做及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟sb. 做其賓語。curious a. 好奇的，好打聽的派生：curiosity n. 好奇心例句：She is curious about what has happened. 她很想知道發(fā)生了什么。詞組：be curious about 對好奇；be curious to do 很想(做)；渴望(做)distract v. 轉(zhuǎn)移注意力；迷惑，擾亂例句：The noise in the classroom distracted me from reading. 教室里的嘈雜聲使我不能集中注意力看書。反義詞：attractessential a. 必要的；本質(zhì)的例句：We must dispose of too many essential features of the investigated phenomenon. 我們不得不排除所研究現(xiàn)象的許多基本特征。辨析：essential, fundamental, vitalessential 指屬于本事物最本質(zhì)的東西或者能與其他事物相區(qū)別的特征；fundamental 指某一體系事物或建筑的基礎(chǔ)；vital 指重要的，對事物的存在、持續(xù)的活力或效率必不可少的。faithfully ad. 忠誠地，誠實(shí)地派生：faithful