天津市武清區(qū)楊村第四中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題十 虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件 外研版.ppt

專題十虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣 陳述語(yǔ)氣 祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣 2 定義 用來(lái)表示說的話不是事實(shí) 或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況 是一種愿望 建議 假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣 一 虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義 二 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)1 一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 2 條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝 3 名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 4 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法 5 虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定 1 ifiknewhistelephonenumber iwouldcallhimnow 2 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug 3 ifihadtakenyouradvice iwouldn thavemadethesamemistake 4 ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過去事實(shí)相反 5 ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 ithinkwewoulddoit ifweplanneditinadvance 7 ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反 考題點(diǎn)擊 1 ifyou tomorrow you findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice shouldcome wouldb wouldcome wouldc willcome shouldd comes might 2 iftheparents atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident thechildwouldhavebeensaved arrivesarrivec hadarrivedd hasarrived ifhe he thatfood luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnothavetakenb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken 3 4 ifiwereyou i buythehouserightnow a won tb don tc wouldn td can t5 morecareful hisshipwouldnothavesunk a ifthecaptainwereb ifthecaptainhadbeenc shouldthecaptainbed ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen 6 iamnotfreetoday ifi freetoday i andvisitsomeofmyfriends a amwillgob were wouldgoc shallbed be mustgo 7 ifmylawyer herelastsaturday he mefromgoing a hadbeen wouldhavepreventedb hadbeen wouldpreventc were wouldpreventd were wouldhaveprevented 2 條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝 條件從句中含有should were had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞并且放在句首時(shí) 可以把if省略 wereiyou iwouldgiveitup hadihadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo 1 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege a ifhepassedb hadhepassedc werehepassedd ifheshouldpass 2 fiveminutesearlier youcouldhaveseenthemoff a ifyoushouldarriveb ifyouarrivec hadyouarrivedd shouldyouarrive 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的條件句從句與主句發(fā)生的時(shí)間不同 需要按時(shí)間來(lái)確定虛擬形式 如 iftheyhadstudiedhard theycoulddoiteasilynow 如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話 現(xiàn)在干的就會(huì)容易些 ifhehadnottakenmyadvice hewouldn tdoitmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不聽取我的建議 他就不會(huì)干得這樣好 3 名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 主要是表示命令 要求 建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 賓語(yǔ)從句 常見動(dòng)詞 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 insist兩個(gè)命令 order command三個(gè)建議 advise suggest propose四個(gè)要求 demand require request desire ask 賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should 動(dòng)詞原形 或者將should省略 mydemandisthatshe come toseemeonceaweek allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks be closeddown hesuggestedthatwe go tobeijingforsightseeing it ssuggestedthatwe go outforapicnictogethereveryyear should go should come should be should go 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句 注意 如suggest用于 暗示 表明 insist用于 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 時(shí) 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣 1 theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules 2 heinsistedthatshewasseriouslyillandthatbesenttohospitalsatonce 3 hesuggestedthatwehaveameetingatonce 4 hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill 2 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 形式一樣 order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire等 1 mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek 2 allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 4 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1 wish 賓語(yǔ)從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來(lái) did were haddone would could might do should iwishiwereabird iwishihadn tmadesuchamistake wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus iwisheveryday be mybirthday were iwish wishedi eat somuchwatermelon hadn teaten 2 wouldrather that 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來(lái) iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 現(xiàn)在 iwouldratheryouhadgone too 過去 don tcome iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未來(lái) did were 過去時(shí)did haddone 3 asif though 從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 did were haddone theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson itseemsasifitwerespring irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 it sabout hightime that should v 過去時(shí) 你該走了 我們?cè)撍X了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyoushouldgo it stimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without和butfor構(gòu)成虛擬 butfor要不是 withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 考題點(diǎn)擊 1 iwentbyplane otherwisei muchlongertime a couldtakeb wouldtakec willhavetakend wouldhavetaken d 2 hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe agoal a hadscoredb scoredc wouldscored wouldhavescored d 3 withoutliberationwe anewlife a wouldnotbeginb wouldnothavebeenbegunc hadnotbegund wouldnothavebegun d 6 ifonly 要是 就好了 相當(dāng)于wishifonlyiknewhisname ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了 要是我沒錯(cuò)過火車就好了 ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus ifonlyihadn tmissedthetrain 三 虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn) 1 錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣 主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定 iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣典型例題1 thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit a willrainb rainsc rainedd israined2 wouldyouhavecalledherup possible yes buti busydoingmyhomework a haditbeen wasb ifitwas werec ifithadbeen hadbeend ifitwere wouldbe b 該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣 因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖莣illbeputoff 真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí) 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí) 問句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣 主句用wouldhavecalled 從句中與過去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為haddone 答句中表示的是真實(shí)的情況 所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣 a 高考題點(diǎn)擊3 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired a drove didn tgetb haddriven wouldn thavegotc drove wouldn tgetd weredriving wouldn tget4 itishardformetoimaginewhatiwouldbedoingtodayifi inlove attheageofseven withthemelindacoxlibraryinmyhometown 02上海 a wouldn thavefallenb hadnotfallenc shouldfalld weretofall 前句用的是陳述語(yǔ)氣 表示過去發(fā)生的事 后句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣 表示與過去相反 b b 該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 而從句中使用的是與過去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 全句意思為 如果我不在七歲時(shí)迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的melindacoxlibrary 我真不能想象我今天會(huì)做什么 經(jīng)典題目5 ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownc askedhim knowd hadasked wouldknow6 whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank a bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther c d 7 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden a hasb hadc willhaved hadhad8 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken b c doyoumindifileavethewindowopen well i dratheryou a don tb didn tc won td mustn t10 it shalfpasteleven it shightime home a we llb we dc we regoingd wewent b d 11 jack yet otherwisehewouldhavephonedme n97 a mustn thavearrivedb shouldn thavearrivedc can thavearrivedd needn thavearrived c 4 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣a 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在動(dòng)詞suggest order demand request desire insist require decide determine advise recommend deserve 值得提及 后需用should型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 考題點(diǎn)擊 theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock a finishedb befinishedc shouldfinishd finish2 whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce a musthaveb hadc haved hadhad b c b 主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型 itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doitisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative itisapity ashame nowonder 考題點(diǎn)擊 1 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take2 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold d b c 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 即 should 動(dòng)詞原形 myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考題點(diǎn)擊 hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry a practicefinishawritingpassage accordingtothechinesegiven jim剛剛做完左腿手術(shù)而被告訴一個(gè)月不能走動(dòng) 他后悔如果前一天晚上沒有玩電腦游戲 今天早晨就可以早點(diǎn)兒起床 也就不會(huì)因?yàn)榕逻t到而撞倒致使自己住院了 媽媽也因?yàn)閮鹤記]有按時(shí)睡覺而在責(zé)備他 同時(shí)jim也在遺憾下周的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不能參加了 預(yù)想的400米冠軍也不能得到了 practicecompletethefollowingpassagewiththeverbsinbrackets usingthesubjunctivemood jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths nowheregretswhathedid theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish he notwakeup solatethatmorningifhe notstayup latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames wouldn thavewokenup hadn tstayedup jim smotheragreed ifmyson getup halfanhourearlier he notride hisbikesocrazily jim smotherblamedjiminfrontofthedoctor ifhe follow adviceandgonetobedearlier he spend moretimeonhiswaytoschoolandhe nothit atreebythestreet hadgotup wouldn thaveridden had followed couldhavespent would thavehit yes indeed mum answeredjiminalowvoice butyouknowifi notnotice thelittlegirlcrossingthestreetallofasudden i knock herdown myleg notinjure andinsteadofmethegirl take tohospital hadn tnoticed wouldhaveknocked would havebeeninjured wouldhavebeentaken lyinginbed jimkeptonsaying howiwishi be morecareful mum itwastruethatifthisaccidenthadnothappened jim find himselfsittingintheclassroomenjoyinghisclass andit be possibleevenforhimtowinthe400 meterraceinthesportscompetitionifhe join themthenextweek hadbeen wouldfound wouldbe couldjoin jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths nowheregretswhathedid theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish he notwakeup solat