pep小學(xué)英語六年級畢業(yè)總復(fù)習(xí)資料.doc

PEP小學(xué)英語畢業(yè)總復(fù)習(xí)一：易錯詞匯1. a, an的選擇: 元音音素開頭的單詞用an，如：an ant/ egg/ ice-cream/ orange/ umbrella輔音音素開頭的單詞用a. 2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are， I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have, I you 用 have .I / you/ we have many books. He/ She has many books.4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.There is a bed in the bedroom. There are some/ many books on the desk. Are there any books on the desk?5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.6. 疑問詞的選擇: what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) why（為什么）when(什么時候） how (如何) which（哪一個）how old (多大) how many（多少） how much（多少錢/多少） whose (誰的)二：形容詞比較級詳解比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：主語 + be動詞(am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than（比）+比較對象 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的，它的變化規(guī)則是： 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e結(jié)尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier heavy-heavier 雙寫最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯誤：My hair is longer than you.（我的頭發(fā)比你更長。）比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你（整個人），那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. (yours=your hair)三：動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：、規(guī)則動詞一般直接在動詞的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d：如lived , danced , used, tasted, 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed（此類動詞較少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類） 雙寫最后一個字母（此類動詞較少）如stopped、不規(guī)則動詞（此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記）小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , swim swam , am/is was , are were , make-made, win-won, say said , leave left , tell told , draw drew , come came , hurt hurt , run-ran, lose-lost, drink-drank, find-found 重要句型： Where did you go on your holiday? I went to What did you do there? I + 動詞過去式. How did you go there? I went (there) by/on. When did you go there? I went yesterday/last（表示過去的時間） Who did you go with? I went with +人物. Did you have a good time? Yes, I did./ No, I didnt.四：動詞現(xiàn)在分詞： 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing, taking 雙寫最后一個字母的（此類動詞極少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五：一般將來時態(tài) (be going to/will +動詞原形)表示一般將來時的時間狀語有：this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tomorrow, tonight, this weekend, next week, next month, next year, next weekend.你將要去哪里？Where are you going this weekend? Im going to the bookstore.你將要做什么？What are you going to do? Im going to buy a book.你將什么時候去？When are you going? Im going in the morning.你將怎樣去呢？How are you going? Im going by bus.你將和誰一起去？Who are you going with? Im going with my friend.六：第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)動詞的變化：1.一般情況加s，如：readreads；livelives；playplays；singsings2.動詞末尾以s，x，ch，sh或部分以o結(jié)尾的加es。（記住課本中出現(xiàn)的這幾個：watches, teaches, goes, does, washes, passes）3.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的把y變i再加es，如：flyflies；studystudies4.特殊情況：have-has5.第三人稱單數(shù)主語包括：he; she; it; my father/friend; Amy/Hangzhou等一個人名或地名。例如：Helikes drawing pictures. Sheworks in a car company. Itcomes from the clouds.My fathergoes to work on foot. Mike often reads books after lunch.6.一般疑問句：does提前，動詞還原。DoessheteachEnglish？ Doesyour pen pallivein Hangzhou? 七、 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式. 一般直接加s: hands, books, desks, apples. 以o結(jié)尾的加es的有: tomatoes, potatoes 其他加s: zoos, photos, pianos. 以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的名詞加es: glasses, boxes, classes, watches(手表) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y改變?yōu)閕，再加-es: baby-babies, city-cities, dictionary-dictionaries 以f/fe結(jié)尾的，多將-f或-fe改變?yōu)?ves: knife-knives, leaf-leaves, 不規(guī)則變: man men woman women child children foot feet tooth teeth goose geese mouse mice people-people fish-fish sheep-sheep八：句型專項歸類1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，把動詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞（do，does，did）再把緊跟在后面的動詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。這三個助動詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個單詞（助動詞）和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：What is this? Its a computer. What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys. Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine. / Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many（多少(數(shù)量)）, how much（多少(錢)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多長）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）小結(jié)：how many 用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + do you have? 你有多少？ How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + can you see? 你能看見多少？How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there? 有多少？九：人稱和數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱單數(shù)I（我）memy（我的）復(fù)數(shù)we（我們）usour（我們的）第二人稱單數(shù)you（你）youyour（你的）復(fù)數(shù)you（你們）youyour（你們的）第三人稱單數(shù)he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）復(fù)數(shù)they（他們/她們/它們）themtheir（他們的/她們的/它們的）七：完全、縮略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not通常情況下，m即am，s即is（但 lets=let us）， re即are ，nt即not（但cant=can not）八：與字母相關(guān)的題型 ( 注：五個元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )單詞匯總學(xué)習(xí)用品(school things)：pen鋼筆pencil鉛筆pencil-case鉛筆盒ruler尺子book書bag包comic book漫畫書post card明信片newspaper報紙schoolbag書包eraser橡皮crayon蠟筆sharpener卷筆刀story-book故事書notebook筆記本Chinese book語文書English book英語書math book數(shù)學(xué)書magazine雜志dictionary詞典人體（body）：foot腳head頭face臉hair頭發(fā)nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴 neck 脖子顏色（colours）：red紅blue藍(lán)yellow黃green綠white白black黑pink粉紅purple紫orange橙brown棕動物（animals）：cat貓dog狗pig豬duck鴨rabbit兔horse馬elephant大象ant螞蟻fish魚bird鳥snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊貓bear熊lion獅子tiger老虎fox狐貍zebra斑馬deer鹿giraffe長頸鹿goose鵝hen母雞turkey火雞lamb小羊sheep綿羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驢squid魷魚lobster龍蝦shark鯊魚seal海豹sperm whale抹香鯨killer whale虎鯨人物（people）：friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母親father父親sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐mom媽媽dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹son兒子daughter女兒baby嬰兒kid小孩classmate同學(xué)queen女王visitor參觀者neighbour鄰居principal校長university student大學(xué)生pen pal筆友tourist旅行者people人物robot機器人職業(yè)（jobs）：teacher教師student學(xué)生doctor醫(yī)生nurse護士driver司機farmer農(nóng)民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演員actress女演員artist畫家TV reporter電視臺記者engineer工程師accountant會計policeman(男)警察salesperson銷售員cleaner清潔工baseball player棒球運動員assistant售貨員police警察dancer 舞者 食品、飲料（food & drink）：rice米飯bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish魚tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog熱狗hamburger漢堡包French fries炸薯條cookie曲奇biscuit餅干jam果醬noodles面條meat肉chicken雞肉pork豬肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup湯ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可樂juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple蘋果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green beans青豆tomato西紅柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黃瓜onion洋蔥carrot胡蘿卜cabbage卷心菜衣服（clothes）：jacket夾克衫shirt襯衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress連衣裙jeans牛仔褲pants長褲socks襪子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短褲sneakers網(wǎng)球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals涼鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太陽鏡交通工具(vehicles)：bike自行車bus公共汽車train火車boat小船ship輪船yacht快艇car小汽車taxi出租車jeep吉普車van小貨車；面包車plane/airplane飛機subway/underground地鐵motor cycle摩托車雜物（other things）：window窗戶door門desk課桌chair椅子bed床computer計算機board寫字板fan風(fēng)扇light燈teachers desk講臺picture圖畫；照片wall墻壁floor地板curtain窗簾trash bin垃圾箱closet壁櫥mirror鏡子end table床頭柜football/soccer足球present禮物walkman隨身聽lamp臺燈phone電話sofa沙發(fā)shelf書架fridge冰箱table桌子TV電視air-conditioner空調(diào)key鑰匙lock鎖photo照片chart圖表plate盤子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot鍋gift禮物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon氣球kite風(fēng)箏jigsaw puzzle拼圖游戲box盒子umbrella傘zipper拉鏈violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鳥窩hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜單e-card電子卡片e-mail電子郵件traffic light交通燈money錢medicine藥地點（locations）：home家room房間bedroom臥室bathroom衛(wèi)生間living room起居室kitchen廚房classroom教室school學(xué)校park公園library圖書館post office郵局police office警察局hospital醫(yī)院cinema電影院bookstore書店farm農(nóng)場zoo動物園garden花園study書房playground操場canteen食堂teachers office教師辦公室library圖書館gym體育館washroom衛(wèi)生間art room繪畫教室computer room計算機教室music room音樂教室TV room電視機房flat公寓company公司factory工廠fruit stand水果攤pet shop寵物商店nature park自然公園theme park主題公園science museum科學(xué)博物館the Great Wall長城supermarket超市bank銀行country國家village鄉(xiāng)村city城市hometown家鄉(xiāng)bus stop公交車站課程（classes）：sports體育運動science科學(xué)Moral Education思想品德課Social Studies社會課Chinese語文math數(shù)學(xué)PE體育課English英語課 art class美術(shù)課 music class音樂課 computer class 電腦課國家、城市（countries & cities）：China/PRC中國America/USA美國UK聯(lián)合王國England英國Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亞New York紐約London倫敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科氣象（weather）：cold寒冷的warm溫暖的cool涼爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎熱的rainy下雨的windy有風(fēng)的cloudy多云的weather report天氣預(yù)報景物（nature）：river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子 bridge橋building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太陽mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind風(fēng) air空氣moon月亮植物（plants）：flower花grass草tree樹seed種子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf葉子星期（week）：Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末月份（months）：Jan. (January)一月Feb.（February）二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月 June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月 （五、六、七三個月份沒有縮寫）季節(jié)（seasons）：spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬方位（directions）：south南north北east東west西left左邊right右邊 i患病（illness）：have a fever發(fā)燒hurt疼痛have a cold感冒have a toothache牙疼have a headache頭疼 have a sore throat喉嚨疼 have a flu 流感 have a stomachache 胃痛、腹痛數(shù)詞（numbers）：基數(shù)詞：one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one hundred and thirty-six一百三十六序數(shù)詞：first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六形容詞(adj.)：big大的small小的long長的tall高的short短的；矮的young年輕的old舊的；老的strong健壯的thin瘦的active積極活躍的quiet安靜的nice好看的kind和藹親切的strict嚴(yán)格的smart聰明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鮮的favourite最喜愛的clean干凈的tired疲勞的excited興奮的angry生氣的happy高興的bored無聊的sad憂愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更強壯的older年齡更大的younger更年輕的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更長的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快樂的right對的hungry饑餓的cute逗人喜愛的little小的lovely可愛的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鮮艷的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂貴的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有幫助的high高的easy簡單的proud驕傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的介詞（prep.）：in在里on在上；在時候under在下面near在的旁邊 behind在后面next to與相鄰over在上方in front of在前面 between 在之間代詞（pron.）：I我we我們you你；你們he他she她it它they他（她，它）們my我的our 我們的your你的；你們的his他的her她的動詞（v.）：play（.ed）玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飛jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight打架swing蕩eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡覺like像，喜歡have(had)有；吃turn轉(zhuǎn)彎buy(bought)買take(took)買；帶live居住teach教go(went)去study(studied)學(xué)習(xí)learn學(xué)習(xí)sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row劃do(did)做do homework做作業(yè)do housework做家務(wù)watch TV看電視read(read) books讀書cook the meals做飯water the flowers澆花sweep(swept) the floor掃地clean