英語(yǔ)常用詞綴類別.doc

英語(yǔ)常用詞綴類別有限，數(shù)目也不太多。但是有幾個(gè)詞綴發(fā)展得相當(dāng)迅速，令人注目。下面便是三個(gè)運(yùn)用愈來(lái)愈廣的前綴：de-主要意思有三：“除去”，如：dewax（去蠟）；去泡沫）；degum（去膠）；deflea（除去跳蚤）?！胺腔?，如：denuclearise（非核武器化）； decontaminate（非污染化）；denationalise（非國(guó)有化）； derecognition（撤銷承認(rèn)）?！敖档?、向下”，如：de-emphasize（不強(qiáng)調(diào)）； de-escalation（行動(dòng)降級(jí)）；devaluation（貶值）； deindustrialisation（工業(yè)化降溫）。mini-這個(gè)前綴的意思是“小型”、“微型”，如：mini-rocket（小型火箭）；mini-budget（小預(yù)算案）； mini-report（小型報(bào)告）；mini-parade（小型檢閱）；mini-break （小假期）；mini-skirt（小裙）。super-“Super-”這前綴的意思是“超級(jí)、在上”，如：Superman（超人）；super-star（超級(jí)明星）；superpower（超級(jí)強(qiáng)國(guó)）；supermarket（超級(jí)市場(chǎng)）；superhighway（超級(jí)公路）；super-ultra（最尖端的）；super-saturated（過(guò)度飽和的）； superabundant（極其豐富的）。除了前綴之外，幾個(gè)后綴也漸漸普及起來(lái)，特別是在商業(yè)廣告以及政界、教育界等方面的新聞里。副詞性后綴 -wise，意思是“在方面”、“就而論” ，如：budgetwise（在預(yù)算案方面）；moneywise（在金錢方面）； savingswise（就積存資金方面而言）；educationwise（就教育而論）；manpowerwise（就人力而論）；theorywise（就理論來(lái)說(shuō)）； careerwise（就事業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)）；newswise（在新聞方面）； publicitywise（在宣傳方面）；curriculumwise（在課程方面）。名詞性后綴 -ee，意思是動(dòng)作承受者，常和動(dòng)作施行者“-er ”相對(duì)應(yīng)。例如：trainer：trainee；interviewer：interviewee； employer：employee；examiner：examinee.此外，沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)的“-ee”派生詞也漸漸出現(xiàn)了，如：retiree（退修人士）；absentee（缺席者、曠課者）；escapee （躲避者）；refugee（避難者）；devotee（崇拜者）。But the teacher criedThe six-year-old John was terribly spoiled . His father knew it, but his grandma doted on him. He hardly left her side. And when he wanted anything, he either cried or threw a temper tantrum. Then came his first day of school, his first day away from his grandmothers loving arms.When he came home from school his grandma met him at the door.Was school all right? she asked, Did you get along all right? did you cry?Cry? John asked. No, I didnt cry, but the teacher did!可是老師哭了六歲的約翰嬌生慣養(yǎng)。他的父親知道這一點(diǎn)，可他的祖父母仍然寵著他。這孩子幾乎寸步不離他的祖母。他想要什么不是哭，就是鬧。他第一天上學(xué)才離開祖母的懷抱。約翰放學(xué)了，他奶奶在門口接他并問(wèn)道：“學(xué)校怎么樣？你過(guò)的好嗎？哭了沒(méi)有？”“哭？”約翰問(wèn)，“不，我沒(méi)哭，可老師哭了?！?I Wasnt AsleepWhen a group of women got on the car, every seat was already occupied. The conductor noticed a man who seemed to be asleep, and fearing he might miss his stop, he nudged him and said: Wake up, sir!I wasnt asleep, the man answered.Not asleep? But you had your eyes closed.I know. I just hate to look at ladies standing up beside me in a crowded car.我沒(méi)有睡著當(dāng)一群婦女上車之后，車上的座位全都被占滿了。售票員注意到一名男子好象是睡著了，他擔(dān)心這個(gè)人會(huì)坐過(guò)站，就用肘輕輕地碰了碰他，說(shuō)：“先生，醒醒！” “我沒(méi)有睡著?！蹦莻€(gè)男人回答。 “沒(méi)睡著？可是你眼睛都閉上了呀？” “我知道，我只是不愿意看到在擁擠的車上有女士站在我身邊而已?！盇 bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善終。 A bad workman always blames his tools.不會(huì)撐船怪河彎。 A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鳥在手勝過(guò)雙鳥在林。 A bad thing never dies.遺臭萬(wàn)年。A boaster and a liar are cousinsgerman.吹牛與說(shuō)謊本是同宗。 A bully is always a coward.色厲內(nèi)荏A burden of ones choice is not felt.愛(ài)挑的擔(dān)子不嫌重。 A candle lights others and consumes itself.蠟燭照亮別人毀滅了自己。Close mouth catches no flies.病從口入A cat has 9 lives.貓有九條命。 A cat may look at a king.人人平等。 A constant guest is never welcome.?？土钊藚?。 Actions speak louder than words事實(shí)勝于雄辯。 Adversity leads to prosperity.窮則思變。 Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才。 A fair death honors the whole life.死得其所，流芳百世。 A faithful friend is hard to find.知音難覓。 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。 A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改，本性難移。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情。 A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友難，失朋友易。 A friend is never known till a man has need.需要之時(shí)方知友。 A friend without faults will never be found.沒(méi)有十全十美的After you is good manners.您先請(qǐng)”是禮貌。 A good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半。 A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善終。 A good book is a good friend.好書如摯友。 A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好書，相伴一生。 A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做虧心事，不怕鬼叫門。 A good fame is better than a good face. 美名勝過(guò)美貌。 A good husband makes a good wife.夫善則妻賢。 A good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。 A good wife health is a mans best wealth.妻賢身體好是男人最大的財(cái)富。 A great talker is a great liar.說(shuō)大話者多謊言。A light heart lives long.靜以修身。A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。 A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戲謔不能化敵為友，只能使人失去朋友。 A leopard cannot change its spots.積習(xí)難改。 A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth說(shuō)謊者即使講真話也沒(méi)人相信。 A little body often harbors a great soul.濃縮的都是精品。 A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。 All good things come to an end.天下沒(méi)有不散的筵席。 All rivers run into sea.海納百川。All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。 All that ends well is well.結(jié)果好，就一切都好。 All that glitters is not gold.閃光的不一定都是金子。 All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事總是由難而易。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只會(huì)用功不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。 A man becomes learned by asking questions.不恥下問(wèn)才能有學(xué)問(wèn)。 A man can do no more than he can.凡事都應(yīng)量力而行。 A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。 A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。 A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光說(shuō)空話不做事，猶如花園光長(zhǎng)刺。 A man without money is no man at all一分錢難倒英雄漢。 A merry heart goes all the way.心曠神怡，事事順利。 A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里。 A mothers love never changes.母愛(ài)永恒。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一蘋果，不用請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。 A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。 An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.以眼還眼，以牙還牙。 An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之計(jì)在于晨。 An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗學(xué)不出新把戲。 An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom.聰明才智，不如運(yùn)氣。 An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.預(yù)防為主，治療為輔。 A rolling stone gathers no moss.滾石不生苔，轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)不聚財(cái)。 As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。 A single flower does not make a spring.一花獨(dú)放不是春百花齊放春滿園。 A snow year, a rich year.瑞雪兆豐年。 A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身體。 A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。 A stitch in time saves nine.小洞不補(bǔ)，大洞吃苦。 A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。 A wise head makes a close mouth.真人不露相，露相非真人。 A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，駟馬難追。 A years plan starts with spring.一年之計(jì)在于春。 A young idler, an old beggar.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。 Bad news has wings.好事不出門，壞事傳千里。 Barking dogs seldom bite.吠犬不咬人。 Beauty lies in the loves eyes.情人眼里出西施。 Be swift to hear, slow to speak.聽(tīng)宜敏捷，言宜緩行。 Better late than never.不怕慢，單怕站。 Better to ask the way than go astray.問(wèn)路總比迷路好。 Between friends all is common.朋友之間不分彼此。 Birds of a feather flock together.物以類聚，人以群分。 Blood is thicker than water. 血濃于水。Blood will have blood.血債血償。 Books and friends should be few but good.讀書如交友，應(yīng)求少而精。 Business is business.公事公辦。Cheats never prosper.騙人發(fā)不了財(cái)。 Business is the salt of life.事業(yè)是人生的第一需要。 By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.讀書使人充實(shí)，交談使人精明。 Cannot see the wood for the trees.一葉障目，不見(jiàn)泰山。 Care and diligence bring luck.謹(jǐn)慎和勤奮才能抓住機(jī)遇。 Caution is the parent of safety.小心駛得萬(wàn)年船。 Children are what the mothers are.耳濡目染，身教言傳。 Choose an author as you choose a friend.擇書如擇友。 Come what may, heaven wont fall.做你的吧，天塌不下來(lái)。 Complacency is the enemy of study.學(xué)習(xí)的敵人是自己的滿足。 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。Content is better than riches.知足者常樂(lè)Constant dripping wears away a stone.水滴石穿，繩鋸木斷。 Count ones chickens before they are hatched.蛋未孵