河北省涿州市高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、短文改錯(cuò)系列訓(xùn)練（9）.doc

涿州市2014高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、短文改錯(cuò)系列訓(xùn)練（9）及答案 (第 篇)i am a writer. i spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language the way it can evoke (喚起)an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth.language_is_the_tool_of_my_trade. and i use them all all the englishes i grew up with.born into a chinese family that had recently arrived in california, i ve been giving more thought to the kind of english my mother speaks. like others, i have described it to people as “broken” english. but i feel embarrassed to say that. it has always bothered me that i can think of no way to describe it other than “broken” , as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. ive heard other terms used, “l(fā)imited english” , for example. but they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people s perceptions (認(rèn)識(shí)) of the limited english speaker.i know this for a fact, because when i was growing up，my mother s “l(fā)imited” english limited my perception of her. i was ashamed of her english. i believed that her english reflected the quality of what she had to say. that is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. and i had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.i started writing fiction in 1985. and for reasons i wont get into today, i began to write stories using all the englishes i grew up with: the english she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”； and what i imagine to be her translation of her chinese, her internal (內(nèi)在的) language, and for that i sought to preserve the essence，but neither an english nor a chinese structure. i wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show: her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要記敘了作者在不同時(shí)期對(duì)母親所使用的語(yǔ)言的不同看法。1by saying “l(fā)anguage is the tool of my trade”， the author means that_.a. she uses english in foreign tradeb. she is fascinated by languagesc. she works as a translatord. she is a writer by profession解析推理判斷題。此句中the tool of my trade中的trade指的是職業(yè)。由本文第一句可知“我”是一名作家；此句又說(shuō)語(yǔ)言是“我”的職業(yè)工具，故此句指的自然是“我”的職業(yè)為作家。答案d2the author used to think of her mother s english as _.a. impoliteb. amusingc. imperfect d. practical解析推理判斷題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段中“.because she expressed them imperfectly，her thoughts were imperfect”一句可知選c，作者一度以為自己媽媽所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)是不完美的。答案c3which of the following is true according to paragraph 3?a. americans do not understand broken english.b. the author s mother was not respected sometimes.c. the author s mother had positive influence on her.d. broken english always reflects imperfect thoughts.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話可知選b。此題易誤選d。其實(shí)，此句只是“我”小時(shí)候?qū)寢尩囊环N誤解，由最后一段可知這種誤解已經(jīng)消除了，因此d項(xiàng)的說(shuō)法是不對(duì)的。答案b4the author gradually realizes her mothers english is_.a. well structured b. in the old stylec. easy to translate d. rich in meaning解析推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，我寫(xiě)小說(shuō)時(shí)開(kāi)始運(yùn)用她與我說(shuō)話時(shí)所用的英語(yǔ)。我盡力地保留她語(yǔ)言的精髓，但未運(yùn)用她所使用的英語(yǔ)或漢語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。我想領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)言能力測(cè)試中所不能反映但我媽媽語(yǔ)言中所包含的意思。故選d。答案d5what is the passage mainly about?a. the change of the author s attitude to her mother s english.b. the limitation of the author s perception of her mother.c. the authors misunderstanding of “l(fā)imited” english.d. the author s experiences of using broken english.解析主旨大意題。本文以時(shí)間為線索，講述了作者對(duì)媽媽所使用的語(yǔ)言的不同態(tài)度，故選a。答案a*結(jié)束parents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our liveshowever, doesnt it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? were less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions-we even rebel against them.why? it may be the so-called “generation gap”. a generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents are ignoring us, dont understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them.the key reason is our desire for independence. in senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for our own lives and make our own decisions. but parents resist this. they still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do. debate and discussion often come to nothing. gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside.zhang xiaoyun, 16, of ningbo, zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school. “she believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world,” zhang said. “each day, she asks me the same old questions like, how was your last exam? or have you made any progress in physics?” to zhang, these questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily. “sometimes, when i get upset, i quarrel with her. after, she comes to apologize and comfort me. but i know, she doesnt completely understand me,” zhang said. now, a home that was once full of laughter has fallen into gloom and silence.the generation gap can be harmful. because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about. there are quarrels, even over trivial things. when that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies. some of us even become afraid to go home after school-a very serious situation for the whole family.6. which of the following is not included in the passage?a. the causes of generation gap.b. the effects of generation gap.c. one example of generation gap.d. ways of narrowing generation gap.7. which of the following is one reason for the generation gap according to the passage?a. modern society changing very fast.b. parents having unrealistic hopes of their children.c. parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other.d. young people liking to escape from the control of their parents.8. which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “perfunctorily”?a. attentively b. indifferently(冷淡地)c. flatteringly(奉承地)d. seriously9. in the view of the author, _.a. parents should allow their children more freedomb. parents and children should not stay togetherc. the younger generation should value the older generationd. academic records are more important than ones inner world參考答案dcba *結(jié)束【命題趨向】短文改錯(cuò)是一項(xiàng)主要測(cè)試考生的判斷能力，觀察能力、糾錯(cuò)能力語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及語(yǔ)言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。短文改錯(cuò)的趨勢(shì)：1.改錯(cuò)短文以記敘文和說(shuō)明文為主 。2.文章內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生生活，沒(méi)有生僻詞匯和復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)，文章簡(jiǎn)單易懂，錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置也很簡(jiǎn)單，多為學(xué)生平常作文中常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。3.短文一般100詞左右，錯(cuò)誤有9處。4.常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)有三種:錯(cuò)詞、多詞、 缺詞。錯(cuò)詞占60%左右【錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型】 1. 錯(cuò)詞 2. 多詞 3. 缺詞 4. 正錯(cuò)【考點(diǎn)透視】一錯(cuò)詞的熱點(diǎn)1 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài) 非謂語(yǔ) ；主謂關(guān)系。2 聯(lián)系詞關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞；連詞；連接詞。3 名詞可數(shù)名詞 、不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名字的單復(fù)數(shù)變化。4 介詞介詞和動(dòng)詞的搭配錯(cuò)誤。5 形容詞/副詞詞類(lèi)錯(cuò)用。6 冠詞定冠詞和不定冠詞的錯(cuò)用。7 代詞人稱(chēng)代詞；物主代詞；反身代詞。8 慣用法固定句型，固定短語(yǔ)。二多詞和缺詞熱點(diǎn) 1. 冠詞2.介詞3.副詞4.代詞5.關(guān)聯(lián)詞6.小品詞 to【短文改錯(cuò)主要特點(diǎn)】1. 語(yǔ)言材料取自于學(xué)生的習(xí)作。 2. 短文為貼近學(xué)生生活的話題或?qū)W生身邊事。 3. 短文難度符合學(xué)生水平。 4. 語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單易懂。 5. 沒(méi)有生僻的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象或繁難的語(yǔ)句結(jié)構(gòu)。*結(jié)束鏈接2. （2012四川卷）on a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. the views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. each look reminds us where we are.there is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. as they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple(楓葉) makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.the air is clean and fresh. the water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.the seasons change just outside the door. we watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars (楊樹(shù))putting out the first green leaves of spring. the rainbow smell fills the local stream as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. a family of birds rules our skies and (lies over the lake.41.what can be learned from paragraph 2?a.the scenes are colorful and changeable.b.there are many windows in the wooden house.c.the views remind us that we are in a wooden house.d.the lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.42.by mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that_.a.the kids like playing in treesb.the kids are very familiar with treesc.the kids have learned much knowledged.the kids find trees useful learning tools43.what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?a.the change of seasons is easily felt.b.the seasons make the scenes change.c.the weather often changes in the forest.d.the door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.44.what is the main purpose of the author writing the text?a.to describe the beauty of the scene around the house.b.to introduce her childrens happy life in the forest.c.to show that living in the forest is healthful.d.to share the joy of living in the nature.【考點(diǎn)】日常生活類(lèi)散文【文章大意】想象一下，住在四面環(huán)山，清水宜人，綠樹(shù)包圍，鳥(niǎo)兒鳴叫的清幽、自然的環(huán)境里是多么讓人神清氣爽的一件事呀！作者就帶我們?nèi)ハ硎芰艘幌逻@樣的世外桃源。41.【答案】a【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句后半句：and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before.可知答案a符合文意。42.【答案】c【試題解析】目的意圖。根據(jù)第四段的第二句：as they tell all who show even a passing interest,可以推斷出，作者提到這么多樹(shù)木的名字，說(shuō)明了孩子們學(xué)到了很多。故答案c符合文意。*結(jié)束（2011重慶卷） 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1份，滿分10分）以下標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行均有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出，并按下列情況改正：此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該加的詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。注意：請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答。today is sunday .ive been in canada for two months .this is the first time that ive been away my family for such a 76. long time. with the help of katia, a roommate of me, ive 77. soon got used to live without my parents around. katia,like 78. many other russian girls, are nice and lively. we became 79. friends shortly after we meet each other. although her english 80. is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy