高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題測(cè)試題(4).doc

2014高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題測(cè)試題 (4)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。beijing, april 2-starting from this year, the beijing municipal health bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. with this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. they will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. if community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. liang wan, deputy director of the beijing municipal health bureau, made the statement last friday . in addition ,the beijing municipal health bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . the home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. they will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .the work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in beijing. the disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .26. where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?a. the community clinics. b. large hospital .c. private clinic . d. small hospital .【答案】a 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first.如果有人病了首先去社區(qū)診所看病，故選a。27. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a.the medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. b. the home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid.c. some funds will be provided by beijing municipal health bureau for home medical service training.d. the government aims to offer the home medical service for free.【答案】d【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)abc短文中都已經(jīng)提到，短文中沒有提到政府是無償?shù)靥峁┘彝メt(yī)療服務(wù)，故選d。 28. if you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _.a. receive the training about medical service.b. pass related examinations.c. obtain the work certificates. d. all the above.【答案】d【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)train home medical service workers for families 及these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates.首先參加專門的培訓(xùn)，然后通過考試獲得工作資格證書，故選d。29. what can we learn from the passage?a. all communities in beijing have started home medical service.b. people in beijing will not easily get ill.c. medical service in beijing will be promoted greatly in the future.d. the other cities in china should learn from beijing.【答案】c【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .在北京的醫(yī)療服務(wù)將在未來會(huì)逐步推廣，故選c。30. the main purpose of the passage is _a. to introduce community service in beijing.b. to report home medical service available in beijing.c. to provide some efficient treatments for diseases in community.d. to describe a special medical team in beijing.【答案】b【解析】作者意圖題。根據(jù)短文的大意可知報(bào)道了北京的家庭醫(yī)學(xué)服務(wù)，故選b。閱讀理解課堂練學(xué)案（15）passage sixteen (crime in computer) new and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology. organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. this is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. an international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. buyers for stolen programs may range from a firms competitors to foreign nations. a competitor sabotages a companys computer system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector. this computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm. with the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime. politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent. sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack. several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. a university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing. computer vulnerability has been amply documented. one congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics. criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders. computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation. by sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. by manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. cities and nations could become hostages. homicide could take a now form. the computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century. the computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. it calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences. although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1. how many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?a. 7. . 8. c. 9. d. 102. what is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a companys computer?a. his purpose is to destroy or weaken the firms operational ability. his purpose is to weaken firms competitive capability and get it.c. his purpose is to buy the rivals company at a relatively low price.d. his purpose is to steal important data.3. which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?a. sabotage of a university computer. sabotage of a hospital computer.c. sabotage of computer at a secret training base.d. sabotage of a factory computer.4. what does the author mean by “homicide could take a new form”?a. there is no need to use a gun in killing a person. criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.c. the computer can replace any weapons.d. the function of a computer is just like a gun.vocabulary1. bizarre 奇怪的2. vandalism 破壞，故意破壞文化，藝術(shù)的行為3. cripple 使癱瘓，削弱4. fence 賊市，臟品買賣處5. neutralize 使成為無效6. affluent 富裕的7. recordkeeping 記錄存貯8. havoc 浩劫，大破壞9. resort to 求助于，借助于10. motivate 作為的動(dòng)機(jī)，激發(fā)11. extremist 過激分子，極端主義分子12. sprout 萌發(fā)迅速發(fā)展13. awesome 令人驚懼的，引起敬畏的14. vulnerability 易受攻擊，脆弱15. devastation 劫持，破壞16. hospital life-support system 醫(yī)院的生命維持系統(tǒng)17. hit man 職業(yè)兇手（殺手）18. pool 集中（資金）合辦，入股19. criminology 犯罪學(xué)，刑事學(xué)難句譯注1. organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析 句子很長，都是簡(jiǎn)單句，中間有分號(hào)隔開，后面是舉例。參考譯文 有組織犯罪團(tuán)伙也直接參與：計(jì)算機(jī)新技術(shù)較為犯罪提供了無限的機(jī)會(huì)，如數(shù)據(jù)信息犯罪，偷竊服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，跟財(cái)產(chǎn)有關(guān)的犯罪，工業(yè)破壞，跟政治有關(guān)的破壞，破壞文化藝術(shù)，對(duì)個(gè)人和財(cái)經(jīng)方面的罪行等等。2. an international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析 并列句，and 作對(duì)比連接詞用。參考譯文 一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)信息的國際市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)存在，而專門從事臟品交易的市場(chǎng)據(jù)說在迅速擴(kuò)展的犯罪市場(chǎng)中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。3. a competitor sabotages a companys computer system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析 主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，后跟thus+從句表示結(jié)果。參考譯文 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手破壞一個(gè)公司的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)為的是摧毀或削弱公司的操作運(yùn)行能力，從而使其喪失在私人或政府部門中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。4. the computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. it calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析 兩句話。前一句為主謂賓，后一句為主從句，從句內(nèi)采用tooto 句型，后跟分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步說明。參考譯文 計(jì)算機(jī)為國內(nèi)和國際有組織犯罪集團(tuán)開辟了犯罪的廣泛領(lǐng)域。它要求它們集中資源，提高通力協(xié)作力量，因?yàn)樵S多犯罪太復(fù)雜，一個(gè)集團(tuán)難以駕馭，特別是那些需要巨大的臟品交易時(shí)常網(wǎng)絡(luò)的罪行。寫作方法與文章大意文章介紹“計(jì)算機(jī)犯罪”，采用分類寫作手法，先列出種種計(jì)算機(jī)犯罪項(xiàng)，下面逐一說明。文本只選四種犯罪信息數(shù)據(jù)偷竊或信息（數(shù)據(jù)）犯罪，產(chǎn)業(yè)破壞，政治破壞，對(duì)個(gè)人生命破壞。分四段敘述，每段為一種罪行，最后是對(duì)比罪犯勢(shì)力越來越有組織，勢(shì)力請(qǐng)大，而司法部門卻沒有準(zhǔn)備好。答案祥解1. b. 種，具體罪行。見難句譯注。2. b. 他的目的是削弱公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)而得到它。答案見難句譯注及第二段第二句起：“計(jì)算機(jī)破壞也可以和富裕的投資者欲得到對(duì)手的公司的企圖相連。隨著公司對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)記錄存儲(chǔ)的信賴性加強(qiáng)，破壞他們的計(jì)算機(jī)可以造成內(nèi)部大破壞。之后，對(duì)取得這個(gè)公司感性趣的集團(tuán)很容易在級(jí)低價(jià)格上買進(jìn)?！盿. 削弱公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)能力。c. 在相當(dāng)?shù)偷膬r(jià)格上買進(jìn)對(duì)手的公司。這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都只是破壞目的的一個(gè)方面。d. 偷竊重要資料，文內(nèi)沒有講。3. c 破壞秘密訓(xùn)練基礎(chǔ)。這可以標(biāo)以政治目的的破壞計(jì)算機(jī)。a. 大學(xué)b. 醫(yī)院d. 工廠。這三個(gè)地方都難以和政治直接相連，第三段講的大學(xué)是“參與國防保衛(wèi)工作的大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)措施”，和一般大學(xué)不一樣。只有秘密訓(xùn)練的基地和真正相連的可能性最大，所以選c.4. b. 犯罪可以通過計(jì)算機(jī)任意殺人。答案在第五段：“犯罪集團(tuán)曾采取步驟暗殺政治領(lǐng)袖。醫(yī)院的生命維護(hù)系統(tǒng)，實(shí)驗(yàn)室，大型外科手術(shù)中都用計(jì)算機(jī)。罪犯?jìng)兒苋菀装堰@些計(jì)算機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)變成破壞的工具。通過破壞生命維護(hù)系統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)，罪犯?jìng)兙拖裼脴屢粯雍苋菀讱⑺廊?。通過控制計(jì)算機(jī)，他們可以指導(dǎo)這可怖的工具攻擊大城市中心。城市和國家都可以成為人質(zhì)。謀殺具有新的形式，計(jì)算機(jī)可能成為世紀(jì)的事業(yè)殺手?！盿. 殺人不需要用槍。這話太籠統(tǒng)，不用槍，用什么。用毒藥，用刀？c. 計(jì)算機(jī)可以取代任何武器。d. 計(jì)算機(jī)的功能就像槍，錯(cuò)誤的。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。the most widespread fallacy（謬論）of all is that colds are caused by cold. they are not. they are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. you catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. if cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the eskimos to suffer from them forever. but they do not. and in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported people are free from colds until they come into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes. during the first world war soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches（戰(zhàn)壕）, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. in the second world war prisoners at the auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. at the common cold research unit in england, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. after taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a drafty（通風(fēng)良好的）room. some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.if, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter？despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. one explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. 31. the writer offered _ examples to support his argument. a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7【答案】b【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)根據(jù)由第 2 段的兩個(gè)例子、第 3 段的 1 個(gè)例子和第 4 段的兩個(gè)例子可知 b 為正確選項(xiàng)。32. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. the eskimos suffer from colds from time to time. b. colds are not always caused by cold. c. people suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.d. a person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.【答案】d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)